{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2472387322","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/istc.2016.7593076","title":"Design of robust, protograph based LDPC codes for rate-adaptation via probabilistic shaping","display_name":"Design of robust, protograph based LDPC codes for rate-adaptation via probabilistic shaping","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2472387322","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/istc.2016.7593076","mag":"2472387322"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/istc.2016.7593076","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/istc.2016.7593076","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 9th International Symposium on Turbo Codes and Iterative Information Processing (ISTC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1607.00356","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027939859","display_name":"Fabian Steiner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5162-2649"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088543","display_name":"Institut f\u00fcr Informationsverarbeitung","ror":"https://ror.org/0047j9t38","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210088543"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Fabian Steiner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fachgebiet Methoden der Signalverarbeitung, Technical University of Munich","Fachgebiet Methoden der Signalverarbeitung, Technical University of Munich, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fachgebiet Methoden der Signalverarbeitung, Technical University of Munich","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210088543","https://openalex.org/I62916508"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fachgebiet Methoden der Signalverarbeitung, Technical University of Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210088543","https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056189107","display_name":"Patrick Schulte","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5208-1979"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Patrick Schulte","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Communications Engineering, Technical University of Munich","Institute for Communications Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Communications Engineering, Technical University of Munich","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Communications Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5027939859"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210088543","https://openalex.org/I62916508"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3037,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.63778099,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"42","issue":null,"first_page":"56","last_page":"60"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11321","display_name":"Error Correcting Code Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11321","display_name":"Error Correcting Code Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11873","display_name":"PAPR reduction in OFDM","score":0.9959999918937683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-density-parity-check-code","display_name":"Low-density parity-check code","score":0.8910728693008423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5686936974525452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forward-error-correction","display_name":"Forward error correction","score":0.555116593837738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5356011390686035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quadrature-amplitude-modulation","display_name":"Quadrature amplitude modulation","score":0.5254858136177063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/additive-white-gaussian-noise","display_name":"Additive white Gaussian noise","score":0.4779253602027893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code-rate","display_name":"Code rate","score":0.47118687629699707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-logic","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","score":0.46429499983787537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/turbo-code","display_name":"Turbo code","score":0.44925978779792786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3826883137226105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.3803252875804901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bit-error-rate","display_name":"Bit error rate","score":0.3749605715274811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.32837629318237305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3231929540634155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.3139492869377136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2051277458667755}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67692717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187444","display_name":"Low-density parity-check code","level":3,"score":0.8910728693008423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5686936974525452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202932441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55611017","display_name":"Forward error correction","level":3,"score":0.555116593837738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5356011390686035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32409245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749753","display_name":"Quadrature amplitude modulation","level":4,"score":0.5254858136177063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169334058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q353292","display_name":"Additive white Gaussian noise","level":3,"score":0.4779253602027893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206468330","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q834373","display_name":"Code rate","level":3,"score":0.47118687629699707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.46429499983787537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114504821","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2164281","display_name":"Turbo code","level":3,"score":0.44925978779792786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3826883137226105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.3803252875804901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56296756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840922","display_name":"Bit error rate","level":3,"score":0.3749605715274811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.32837629318237305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3231929540634155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.3139492869377136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2051277458667755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/istc.2016.7593076","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/istc.2016.7593076","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 9th International Symposium on Turbo Codes and Iterative Information Processing (ISTC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1607.00356","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1607.00356","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1607.00356","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.1607.00356","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1607.00356","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"mag:2472387322","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1607.00356","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1607.00356","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1607.00356","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2472387322.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2472387322.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W93405014","https://openalex.org/W627952176","https://openalex.org/W800376393","https://openalex.org/W1536930200","https://openalex.org/W1595159159","https://openalex.org/W1749807555","https://openalex.org/W1802600493","https://openalex.org/W1990729223","https://openalex.org/W1992360673","https://openalex.org/W2091028014","https://openalex.org/W2112544308","https://openalex.org/W2115001548","https://openalex.org/W2118334163","https://openalex.org/W2122989348","https://openalex.org/W2138208223","https://openalex.org/W2142901448","https://openalex.org/W2144336593","https://openalex.org/W2157697070","https://openalex.org/W2183415080","https://openalex.org/W2296257523","https://openalex.org/W2952931784","https://openalex.org/W6603727012","https://openalex.org/W6630670498"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2893753837","https://openalex.org/W2288644210","https://openalex.org/W2794270047","https://openalex.org/W2797668671","https://openalex.org/W2789366337","https://openalex.org/W2581472334","https://openalex.org/W2384531120","https://openalex.org/W2066448448","https://openalex.org/W2020165345","https://openalex.org/W2800896688","https://openalex.org/W2484726158","https://openalex.org/W2926783311","https://openalex.org/W3161746554","https://openalex.org/W2106535774","https://openalex.org/W2147756135","https://openalex.org/W2809946098","https://openalex.org/W2105918495","https://openalex.org/W2516195450","https://openalex.org/W2114953857","https://openalex.org/W2060127036"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"work,":[2],"the":[3,47,50,67,73,76,80,102,114,170],"design":[4,103,125],"of":[5,52,75,104,155,165,177],"robust,":[6],"protograph-based":[7],"low-density":[8],"parity-check":[9],"(LDPC)":[10],"codes":[11,56,90,107],"for":[12,32,57,116,181,191],"rate-adaptive":[13,36],"communication":[14,37],"via":[15,120],"probabilistic":[16,21],"shaping":[17,23],"is":[18],"considered.":[19],"Recently,":[20],"amplitude":[22],"(PAS)":[24],"by":[25,46,108],"B\u00f6cherer":[26],"et":[27],"al.":[28],"has":[29],"been":[30],"introduced":[31],"capacity":[33,180],"approaching":[34],"and":[35,41,59,72,100,133,159,187],"with":[38],"a":[39,110,127,134,153,160],"bitwise-demapper":[40],"binary":[42],"decoder.":[43],"Previous":[44],"work":[45],"authors":[48],"considered":[49,124],"optimization":[51],"protograph":[53,118],"based":[54],"LDPC":[55,68,106,140],"PAS":[58],"specific":[60],"spectral":[61],"efficiencies":[62],"(SEs)":[63],"to":[64,79,92,142,146,184,194],"jointly":[65],"optimize":[66],"code":[69,141,172],"node":[70],"degrees":[71],"mapping":[74],"coded":[77,82],"bits":[78,148,158],"bit-interleaved":[81],"modulation":[83],"(BICM)":[84],"bit-channels.":[85],"We":[86],"show":[87],"that":[88],"these":[89],"tend":[91],"perform":[93],"poor":[94],"when":[95],"operated":[96],"at":[97],"other":[98],"rates":[99],"propose":[101],"robust":[105,135],"employing":[109],"min-max":[111],"approach":[112],"in":[113],"search":[115],"good":[117],"ensembles":[119],"differential":[121],"evolution.":[122],"The":[123],"uses":[126],"single":[128],"16":[129,156],"amplitude-shift-keying":[130],"(ASK)":[131],"constellation":[132],"13/16":[136],"\u2248":[137],"0.813":[138],"rate":[139,164],"operate":[143],"between":[144],"0.7":[145,182],"2.7":[147,195],"per":[149],"channel":[150],"use.":[151],"For":[152],"blocklength":[154],"224":[157],"target":[161],"frame":[162],"error":[163],"10":[166],"<sup":[167],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[168],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">-3</sup>":[169],"proposed":[171],"operates":[173],"within":[174,188],"1.32":[175],"dB":[176,190],"continuous":[178],"AWGN":[179],"bpcu":[183,186,193],"1.3":[185,192],"1.05":[189],"bpcu.":[196]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}