{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4200521426","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/istas52410.2021.9629182","title":"Disinformation and online harms: Understanding the links to private messaging apps in Canada","display_name":"Disinformation and online harms: Understanding the links to private messaging apps in Canada","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-10-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4200521426","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/istas52410.2021.9629182"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/istas52410.2021.9629182","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/istas52410.2021.9629182","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064039465","display_name":"Joe Masoodi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3554-3163"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I530967","display_name":"Toronto Metropolitan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05g13zd79","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I530967"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mohammed Joe Masoodi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ryerson Leadership Lab (of Ryerson Univeristy), Cybersecure Policy Exchange (of Ryerson University), Toronto, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ryerson Leadership Lab (of Ryerson Univeristy), Cybersecure Policy Exchange (of Ryerson University), Toronto, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I530967"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102927563","display_name":"Sam Andrey","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2430-8700"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I530967","display_name":"Toronto Metropolitan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05g13zd79","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I530967"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sam Andrey","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ryerson Leadership Lab (of Ryerson Univeristy), Cybersecure Policy Exchange (of Ryerson University), Toronto, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ryerson Leadership Lab (of Ryerson Univeristy), Cybersecure Policy Exchange (of Ryerson University), Toronto, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I530967"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5064039465"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I530967"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.32752994,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"1"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11147","display_name":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11147","display_name":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12262","display_name":"Hate Speech and Cyberbullying Detection","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10557","display_name":"Social Media and Politics","score":0.9952999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disinformation","display_name":"Disinformation","score":0.9470396041870117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-media","display_name":"Social media","score":0.6054154634475708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/politics","display_name":"Politics","score":0.556263267993927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.5532391667366028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.5352184772491455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5248342156410217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/misinformation","display_name":"Misinformation","score":0.48041558265686035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology","display_name":"Sociology","score":0.3816000819206238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.347259521484375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.34421586990356445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law","display_name":"Law","score":0.24353981018066406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/history","display_name":"History","score":0.07598838210105896}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776552730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189656","display_name":"Disinformation","level":3,"score":0.9470396041870117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518677369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202833","display_name":"Social media","level":2,"score":0.6054154634475708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.556263267993927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.5532391667366028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.5352184772491455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5248342156410217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776990098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13579947","display_name":"Misinformation","level":2,"score":0.48041558265686035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.3816000819206238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.347259521484375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.34421586990356445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.24353981018066406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.07598838210105896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/istas52410.2021.9629182","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/istas52410.2021.9629182","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5699999928474426,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320319880","display_name":"Government of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/010q4q527"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":1,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2998814327"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W3081379046","https://openalex.org/W2100028027","https://openalex.org/W4310502242","https://openalex.org/W4304145139","https://openalex.org/W3198351040","https://openalex.org/W3134802290","https://openalex.org/W2994676997","https://openalex.org/W4321198019","https://openalex.org/W2962981892"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Amid":[0],"the":[1,22,27,42,51,83,92,107,124,178,187,215,223,266,283],"COVID-19":[2,23,242],"pandemic,":[3],"governments":[4,34],"have":[5,174],"been":[6,175],"facing":[7,32],"an":[8],"increased":[9,199],"spread":[10,267],"of":[11,30,41,53,85,94,141,186,219,228,270],"disinformation":[12,31,46,64,151,271],"on":[13,45,49,106,117,156,214,265],"social":[14,96,193],"media":[15,97,194],"by":[16,69,123],"foreign":[17],"and":[18,35,72,152,189,217,237,262,268,274,282,291,295],"domestic":[19],"actors.":[20],"Indeed,":[21,170],"pandemic":[24],"has":[25,47],"highlighted":[26],"online":[28,154],"challenges":[29],"Western":[33],"societies,":[36],"including":[37,61,293],"Canada.":[38],"However,":[39],"much":[40,246],"scholarly":[43],"work":[44],"focussed":[48],"analyzing":[50],"flows":[52],"false":[54,232],"content":[55],"during":[56],"political":[57,63,200],"or":[58],"electoral":[59],"processes":[60],"how":[62],"can":[65],"undermine":[66],"voter":[67],"autonomy":[68],"changing":[70],"opinions":[71],"eventually":[73],"voting":[74],"preferences.":[75],"<sup":[76,79,206],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[77,80,207],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">1</sup>":[78],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">2</sup>":[81],"Furthermore,":[82],"focus":[84],"such":[86,183],"works":[87],"is":[88],"mostly":[89],"centred":[90],"around":[91],"role":[93],"open":[95],"platforms":[98,195],"(e.g.,":[99,160],"Facebook,":[100],"Instagram,":[101],"Twitter,":[102],"etc.).":[103],"This":[104,209,256],"presentation":[105,134,210,257],"other":[108,153],"hand":[109],"seeks":[110],"to":[111,202,249,285],"counter":[112],"this":[113,133],"dominant":[114],"trend.":[115],"Based":[116],"findings":[118],"from":[119],"original":[120],"research,":[121],"supported":[122],"Democratic":[125],"Institutions":[126],"Secretariat":[127],"in":[128,144,166,241,272],"Canada\u2019s":[129],"Privy":[130],"Council":[131],"Office,":[132],"will":[135,211,258,277],"delve":[136],"deeper":[137,261],"into":[138],"our":[139],"survey":[140],"2,500":[142],"Canadians":[143],"March":[145],"2021,":[146],"revealing":[147],"their":[148],"experiences":[149],"with":[150,288],"harms":[155],"private":[157,171,224,254],"messaging":[158,172],"apps":[159,173],"WhatsApp,":[161],"Facebook":[162,197],"Messenger,":[163],"WeChat,":[164],"etc.)":[165],"a":[167,260],"post-pandemic":[168],"context.":[169],"described":[176],"as":[177,184,192],"next":[179],"refuge":[180],"for":[181],"actors":[182],"members":[185],"far-right":[188],"white":[190],"nationalists,":[191],"like":[196],"face":[198],"pressure":[201],"remove":[203],"harmful":[204],"content.":[205],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">3</sup>":[208],"shed":[212],"light":[213],"types":[216],"impacts":[218],"mis/disinformation":[220],"encountered":[221],"through":[222,253],"platforms.":[225],"Nearly":[226],"half":[227],"respondents":[229],"reported":[230],"receiving":[231],"information":[233],"at":[234],"least":[235],"monthly":[236],"those":[238],"who":[239],"believe":[240],"conspiracy":[243],"theories":[244],"were":[245],"more":[247],"likely":[248],"regularly":[250],"receive":[251],"news":[252],"messages.":[255],"provide":[259],"broader":[263],"understanding":[264],"evolution":[269],"Canada,":[273],"importantly,":[275],"it":[276],"discuss":[278],"potential":[279],"regulatory":[280],"measures":[281],"need":[284],"balance":[286],"policy":[287],"democratic":[289],"rights":[290],"freedoms":[292],"privacy":[294],"free":[296],"expression.":[297]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
