{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4200483040","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/istas52410.2021.9629154","title":"QAnon, conspiracy theories and social media warfare: An ethical and anticipatory ethical analysis","display_name":"QAnon, conspiracy theories and social media warfare: An ethical and anticipatory ethical analysis","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-10-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4200483040","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/istas52410.2021.9629154"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/istas52410.2021.9629154","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/istas52410.2021.9629154","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053287624","display_name":"Richard L. Wilson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9482-6302"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4322298","display_name":"Towson University","ror":"https://ror.org/044w7a341","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4322298"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Richard Wilson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept\u2019s of Philosophy & Computer and Information Sciences, Towson University, Towson, MD, U.S.A","Dept's of Philosophy & Computer and Information Sciences, Towson University, Towson, MD, U.S.A"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept\u2019s of Philosophy & Computer and Information Sciences, Towson University, Towson, MD, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4322298"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept's of Philosophy & Computer and Information Sciences, Towson University, Towson, MD, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4322298"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006035320","display_name":"Michael Shifflett","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800421839","display_name":"Government of the United States of America","ror":"https://ror.org/02rcrvv70","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800421839"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Shifflett","raw_affiliation_strings":["United States Government"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"United States Government","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800421839"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5053287624"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4322298"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.363,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74272901,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"1"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11147","display_name":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","score":0.9462000131607056,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11147","display_name":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","score":0.9462000131607056,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering-ethics","display_name":"Engineering ethics","score":0.4785761833190918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-media","display_name":"Social media","score":0.4435754716396332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.4037739336490631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology","display_name":"Sociology","score":0.3389033377170563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2700820565223694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law","display_name":"Law","score":0.1959851086139679}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55587333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1133029","display_name":"Engineering ethics","level":1,"score":0.4785761833190918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518677369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202833","display_name":"Social media","level":2,"score":0.4435754716396332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.4037739336490631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.3389033377170563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2700820565223694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.1959851086139679}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/istas52410.2021.9629154","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/istas52410.2021.9629154","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5","score":0.6399999856948853,"display_name":"Gender equality"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W4312622923","https://openalex.org/W1977056376","https://openalex.org/W2728430307","https://openalex.org/W1990545028","https://openalex.org/W2107786128","https://openalex.org/W2735469505","https://openalex.org/W2048368023","https://openalex.org/W2484264353"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,347],"today\u2019s":[1],"social":[2,25,288,321,338,369,401,506,525],"media":[3,26,269,286,289,334,370,507,526],"dominated":[4],"world":[5],"the":[6,22,56,79,112,128,147,162,187,229,239,253,258,264,268,277,301,318,350,372,436,443,454,457,463,473,476,490,517],"effort":[7,293,373,529],"to":[8,139,191,218,234,238,248,270,294,304,306,354,374,397,469,510,530],"undermine":[9,375,531],"democracy":[10],"comes":[11],"in":[12,35,75,98,107,110,228,257,291,317,330,368,371,406,505,524,527],"an":[13,140,173,215,292,296,429,432,439,447,460,487],"increasingly":[14],"wide":[15],"variety":[16],"of":[17,24,60,69,77,125,144,146,161,211,255,267,310,320,333,438,445,456,465,489,520],"forms.":[18],"One":[19,59],"example":[20],"is":[21,72,85,95,106,121,164,198,207,315,326,352,404,416,426,459,467,479],"use":[23,519],"by":[27,178,472,497],"contemporary":[28],"leaders":[29,499],"and":[30,130,202,281,287,376,384,400,500,508,513],"groups":[31,501],"where":[32],"they":[33,393],"engage":[34],"waging":[36],"information":[37,236,251],"warfare":[38,324],"within":[39,337],"their":[40,44],"own":[41,45],"nations":[42],"upon":[43,462],"citizens.":[46],"This":[47,93,137,481],"paper":[48],"will":[49,150],"examine":[50],"how":[51,356],"this":[52,83,348,407,441],"has":[53,483],"occurred":[54],"with":[55,172,224,232,493,516],"group":[57,210,360],"QANON.":[58],"QANON\u2019s":[61],"central":[62],"conspiracy":[63,169,411,415,424,458,477,494,522],"theories":[64,495,523],"maintains":[65],"that":[66,119,158,205,272,382,392,409,451,475],"a":[67,88,123,179,193,209,220,308,343,378,414,419,423],"cabal":[68,84,94,129,149],"Satan-worshiping":[70],"pedophiles":[71],"not":[73,341,388],"only":[74],"control":[76],"running":[78,87],"world\u2019s":[80],"governments,":[81],"but":[82,335,391],"also":[86,96,117,200,246],"global":[89],"child":[90],"sex-trafficking":[91],"ring.":[92],"involved":[97],"plotting":[99],"against":[100,127],"US":[101],"President":[102],"Donald":[103],"Trump,":[104],"who":[105,185],"turn":[108],"engaged":[109],"combatting":[111],"cabal.":[113],"Another":[114],"QANON":[115,363,504],"theory":[116,163,170,425],"claims":[118],"Trump":[120,240,256],"planning":[122],"day":[124],"reckoning":[126],"its":[131,485],"followers":[132],"known":[133,182],"as":[134,183,214,362,428,435,484,503],"\u201cThe":[135],"Storm.\u201d":[136],"refers":[138],"event":[141,440],"when":[142,413],"thousands":[143],"members":[145],"supposed":[148,180],"be":[151,192,219,307,470],"arrested.":[152],"There":[153],"are":[154,387],"currently":[155],"no":[156],"indications":[157],"any":[159,357],"part":[160],"based":[165],"on":[166],"fact.":[167],"The":[168,449],"began":[171],"October":[174],"2017":[175],"online":[176],"post":[177,280],"individual":[181,216,358],"\u2018Q\u2019,":[184],"at":[186,453],"time":[188],"was":[189,263],"presumed":[190],"single":[194],"American":[195],"citizen.":[196],"It":[197,403],"now":[199,327],"assumed":[201,405],"more":[203,243],"likely":[204],"Q":[206,213,225,245,279,305],"actually":[208],"people.":[212],"claimed":[217,247,468],"high-ranking":[221],"government":[222,231],"official":[223],"level":[226],"clearance":[227],"U.S.":[230],"access":[233],"classified":[235,250],"related":[237,303],"administration.":[241],"Perhaps":[242],"significantly":[244],"have":[249,342,394],"about":[252],"opponents":[254],"United":[259],"States.":[260],"NBC":[261],"News":[262],"first":[265],"member":[266],"report":[271],"three":[273],"distinct":[274],"people":[275],"took":[276],"original":[278],"distributed":[282],"it":[283],"across":[284],"multiple":[285],"platforms":[290],"build":[295],"internet":[297],"following.":[298],"We":[299,380],"take":[300],"activities":[302],"method":[309],"Hybrid":[311,323],"Warfare,":[312],"which":[313,325],"here":[314],"defined":[316],"context":[319],"media.":[322,402],"often":[328],"practiced":[329],"all":[331],"forms":[332],"particularly":[336],"media,":[339],"does":[340],"universally":[344],"recognized":[345],"definition.":[346],"analysis":[349,408,482],"phrase":[351],"employed":[353],"describe":[355],"or":[359,434],"such":[361,502],"can":[364],"employ":[365],"non-military":[366],"tactics":[367],"destabilize":[377],"government.":[379],"argue":[381],"disinformation":[383],"propaganda":[385],"dissemination,":[386],"new":[389],"techniques,":[390],"been":[395],"adapted":[396],"current":[398],"technologies":[399],"every":[410],"theory,":[412],"identified,":[417],"presents":[418],"moral":[420],"issue.":[421],"When":[422],"presented":[427],"explanation":[430],"for":[431],"action":[433],"cause":[437],"serves":[442],"function":[444],"making":[446],"accusation.":[448],"accusation":[450],"lies":[452],"center":[455],"attack":[461],"truthfulness":[464],"what":[466],"true":[471],"party":[474],"theorist":[478],"attacking.":[480],"goal":[486],"identification":[488],"ethical":[491,512],"issues":[492,515],"used":[496],"political":[498,514],"attempts":[509],"anticipate":[511],"continued":[518],"these":[521],"cthe":[528],"democracy.":[532]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
