{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2304822275","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/istas.2015.7439433","title":"A semi-automated food voting classification system: Combining user interaction and Support Vector Machines","display_name":"A semi-automated food voting classification system: Combining user interaction and Support Vector Machines","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2304822275","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/istas.2015.7439433","mag":"2304822275"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/istas.2015.7439433","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/istas.2015.7439433","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 IEEE International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068607756","display_name":"Patrick McAllister","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0243-1555"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138801177","display_name":"University of Ulster","ror":"https://ror.org/01yp9g959","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138801177"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Patrick McAllister","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing and Mathematics, Ulster University, Newtownabbey, Northern Ireland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing and Mathematics, Ulster University, Newtownabbey, Northern Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138801177"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024401909","display_name":"Huiru Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7648-8709"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138801177","display_name":"University of Ulster","ror":"https://ror.org/01yp9g959","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138801177"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huiru Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing and Mathematics, Ulster University, Newtownabbey, Northern Ireland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing and Mathematics, Ulster University, Newtownabbey, Northern Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138801177"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067279312","display_name":"Raymond Bond","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1078-2232"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138801177","display_name":"University of Ulster","ror":"https://ror.org/01yp9g959","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138801177"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Raymond Bond","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing and Mathematics, Ulster University, Newtownabbey, Northern Ireland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing and Mathematics, Ulster University, Newtownabbey, Northern Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138801177"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077487257","display_name":"Anne Moorhead","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8585-2987"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138801177","display_name":"University of Ulster","ror":"https://ror.org/01yp9g959","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138801177"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anne Moorhead","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Communication, Ulster University, Jordanstown, Newtownabbey, Northern Ireland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Communication, Ulster University, Jordanstown, Newtownabbey, Northern Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138801177"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5068607756"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138801177"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.1856451,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"7"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10866","display_name":"Nutritional Studies and Diet","score":0.9796000123023987,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10866","display_name":"Nutritional Studies and Diet","score":0.9796000123023987,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.975600004196167,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.757121205329895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7322378158569336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voting","display_name":"Voting","score":0.6637172698974609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6607938408851624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.5533714294433594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/majority-rule","display_name":"Majority rule","score":0.4994664192199707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.4702391028404236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.4701913595199585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.4671575129032135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.46081632375717163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-vector","display_name":"Feature vector","score":0.4586695432662964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.42244765162467957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weighted-voting","display_name":"Weighted voting","score":0.41685670614242554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3726752996444702}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.757121205329895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7322378158569336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520049643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189760","display_name":"Voting","level":3,"score":0.6637172698974609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6607938408851624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.5533714294433594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153668964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27636","display_name":"Majority rule","level":2,"score":0.4994664192199707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.4702391028404236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.4701913595199585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4671575129032135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.46081632375717163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83665646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42139305","display_name":"Feature vector","level":2,"score":0.4586695432662964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.42244765162467957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132778050","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2065430","display_name":"Weighted voting","level":4,"score":0.41685670614242554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3726752996444702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/istas.2015.7439433","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/istas.2015.7439433","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 IEEE International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.550000011920929,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310402","display_name":"Department of Education and Learning, Northern Ireland","ror":"https://ror.org/018ct7v08"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W94357571","https://openalex.org/W282562921","https://openalex.org/W1677409904","https://openalex.org/W1963726930","https://openalex.org/W1979008561","https://openalex.org/W1988199485","https://openalex.org/W2005545500","https://openalex.org/W2021543368","https://openalex.org/W2026505827","https://openalex.org/W2054467160","https://openalex.org/W2096161434","https://openalex.org/W2112024831","https://openalex.org/W2124404372","https://openalex.org/W2143057937","https://openalex.org/W2161969291","https://openalex.org/W2278718067","https://openalex.org/W2308526968","https://openalex.org/W3134120608","https://openalex.org/W6603851211","https://openalex.org/W6637400245","https://openalex.org/W6683411478","https://openalex.org/W6795352697"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2008876309","https://openalex.org/W3121841074","https://openalex.org/W2055572829","https://openalex.org/W2010932316","https://openalex.org/W1497951756","https://openalex.org/W2069544111","https://openalex.org/W2052960815","https://openalex.org/W1894159578","https://openalex.org/W2913388591","https://openalex.org/W3036613766"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Obesity":[0,11],"is":[1,69,99,103],"prevalent":[2],"worldwide":[3],"including":[4],"UK":[5],"and":[6,102,138,147,224,247,264],"Ireland,":[7],"affecting":[8],"all":[9],"demographics.":[10],"can":[12,22],"have":[13,30,159],"a":[14,50,57,60,100,123,175,212,265],"detrimental":[15],"affect":[16],"on":[17],"an":[18,73,165],"individual's":[19],"health,":[20],"which":[21],"lead":[23],"to":[24,33,37,55,105,115,163,173,185,210,242],"chronic":[25],"conditions.":[26],"Different":[27,77],"digital":[28],"interventions":[29],"enabled":[31],"users":[32,54],"photograph":[34],"food":[35,61,117,121,190,257],"items":[36,258],"be":[38,81,91,128,250,271],"identified":[39],"using":[40,72],"different":[41],"feature":[42,95,112,182,208,221],"extraction":[43],"methods.":[44],"In":[45,240],"this":[46,170],"research,":[47],"we":[48],"proposed":[49],"system":[51,98,178,201,216],"that":[52,179,199],"allows":[53],"draw":[56],"polygon":[58],"around":[59],"item":[62],"for":[63,93,130],"segmentation.":[64],"After":[65],"segmented,":[66],"the":[67,84,107,188,200,220,233,237,254,261],"region":[68,150,191],"then":[70,80],"classified":[71],"automated":[74],"voting":[75,176,213,234],"system.":[76,214,239],"features":[78],"will":[79,90,127,158],"extracted":[82],"from":[83],"specified":[85],"area.":[86],"Support":[87],"Vector":[88],"Machines":[89],"issued":[92],"each":[94,181,207],"type.":[96],"This":[97],"proof-of-concept":[101],"designed":[104],"research":[106,171],"effectiveness":[108],"of":[109,155,169,219,256],"employing":[110],"multiple":[111],"detection":[113,137,151,183],"algorithms":[114],"classify":[116,120],"images.":[118],"To":[119],"regions":[122],"Bag-of-features":[124],"(BoFs)":[125],"approach":[126],"used":[129,141,259],"each.":[131],"Speeded":[132],"Up":[133],"Robust":[134],"Features":[135],"point":[136],"descriptors":[139],"was":[140,172],"along":[142],"with":[143,152,226],"colour":[144,229],"spatial":[145],"features,":[146],"also":[148,270],"MSER":[149,225],"SURF.":[153],"Each":[154],"these":[156],"methods":[157],"their":[160],"own":[161],"BoF":[162],"train":[164],"SVM.":[166],"The":[167,215],"aim":[168],"create":[174,211],"classification":[177],"utilises":[180],"algorithm":[184],"ultimately":[186],"identify":[187],"segmented":[189],"through":[192,252],"plurality":[193],"(or":[194],"majority)":[195],"vote.":[196],"Testing":[197],"showed":[198],"achieved":[202],"75%":[203],"accuracy":[204],"when":[205],"combining":[206],"SVM":[209],"outperforms":[217],"two":[218],"classifiers":[222],"(SURF":[223],"SURF).":[227],"LAB":[228],"classifier":[230],"slightly":[231],"outperformed":[232],"mechanism":[235],"within":[236],"developed":[238],"regards":[241],"future":[243],"work,":[244],"further":[245],"development":[246],"testing":[248],"would":[249,269],"completed":[251],"increasing":[253],"variety":[255],"in":[260],"training":[262],"phase":[263],"larger":[266],"test":[267],"dataset":[268],"used.":[272]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
