{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4249880446","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isspit.2018.8642744","title":"Diabetic Retinopathy Early Detection Based on OCT and OCTA Feature Fusion","display_name":"Diabetic Retinopathy Early Detection Based on OCT and OCTA Feature Fusion","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4249880446","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isspit.2018.8642744"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/isspit.2018.8642744","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isspit.2018.8642744","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 IEEE International Symposium on Signal Processing and Information Technology (ISSPIT)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025586638","display_name":"Ahmed ElTanboly","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7675-3848"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142740786","display_name":"University of Louisville","ror":"https://ror.org/01ckdn478","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142740786"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmed ElTanboly","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bioengineering Department, University of Louisville, Louisville, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bioengineering Department, University of Louisville, Louisville, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142740786"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045690893","display_name":"Nabila Eladawi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6403-0044"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142740786","display_name":"University of Louisville","ror":"https://ror.org/01ckdn478","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142740786"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nabila Eladawi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bioengineering Department, University of Louisville, Louisville, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bioengineering Department, University of Louisville, Louisville, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142740786"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066199951","display_name":"Mohammed Elmogy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2504-6051"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142740786","display_name":"University of Louisville","ror":"https://ror.org/01ckdn478","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142740786"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammed Elmogy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bioengineering Department, University of Louisville, Louisville, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bioengineering Department, University of Louisville, Louisville, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142740786"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020634024","display_name":"Mohammed Ghazal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9045-6698"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I117222138","display_name":"Abu Dhabi University","ror":"https://ror.org/01r3kjq03","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I117222138"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammed Ghazal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Abu Dhabi University, Abu Dhabi, UAE"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Abu Dhabi University, Abu Dhabi, UAE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I117222138"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056168396","display_name":"Luay Fraiwan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I117222138","display_name":"Abu Dhabi University","ror":"https://ror.org/01r3kjq03","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I117222138"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luay Fraiwan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Abu Dhabi University, Abu Dhabi, UAE"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Abu Dhabi University, Abu Dhabi, UAE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I117222138"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021208185","display_name":"A. Aboelfetouh","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I159247623","display_name":"Mansoura University","ror":"https://ror.org/01k8vtd75","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I159247623"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Aboelfetouh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Computers and Information, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computers and Information, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I159247623"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071671559","display_name":"A. Riad","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I159247623","display_name":"Mansoura University","ror":"https://ror.org/01k8vtd75","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I159247623"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Riad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Computers and Information, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computers and Information, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I159247623"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041047447","display_name":"R. Keynton","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142740786","display_name":"University of Louisville","ror":"https://ror.org/01ckdn478","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142740786"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Keynton","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bioengineering Department, University of Louisville, Louisville, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bioengineering Department, University of Louisville, Louisville, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142740786"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083810425","display_name":"M. El-Azab","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I159247623","display_name":"Mansoura University","ror":"https://ror.org/01k8vtd75","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I159247623"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. El-Azab","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mathematics and Physical Engineering Department, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mathematics and Physical Engineering Department, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I159247623"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040337791","display_name":"S. Schaal","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166722992","display_name":"University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School","ror":"https://ror.org/0464eyp60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166722992"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Schaal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Worcester, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Worcester, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166722992"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021842395","display_name":"H. Sandhu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142740786","display_name":"University of Louisville","ror":"https://ror.org/01ckdn478","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142740786"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. Sandhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ophthalmology, University of Louisville, KY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ophthalmology, University of Louisville, KY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142740786"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075057705","display_name":"Ayman El\u2010Baz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7264-1323"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142740786","display_name":"University of Louisville","ror":"https://ror.org/01ckdn478","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142740786"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. El-Baz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bioengineering Department, University of Louisville, Louisville, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bioengineering Department, University of Louisville, Louisville, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142740786"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":12,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3702,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.67700174,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":null,"first_page":"607","last_page":"611"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11438","display_name":"Retinal Imaging and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11438","display_name":"Retinal Imaging and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10170","display_name":"Retinal Diseases and Treatments","score":0.9943000078201294,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10250","display_name":"Glaucoma and retinal disorders","score":0.9925000071525574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-coherence-tomography","display_name":"Optical coherence tomography","score":0.7565057277679443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diabetic-retinopathy","display_name":"Diabetic retinopathy","score":0.7461718320846558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cad","display_name":"CAD","score":0.5644025802612305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.5592444539070129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retinal","display_name":"Retinal","score":0.5293132662773132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.5062748193740845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blindness","display_name":"Blindness","score":0.5003161430358887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-aided-diagnosis","display_name":"Computer-aided diagnosis","score":0.47626206278800964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.47112345695495605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.43527457118034363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ophthalmology","display_name":"Ophthalmology","score":0.4281519055366516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.42457252740859985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diabetes-mellitus","display_name":"Diabetes mellitus","score":0.4142567813396454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.34663933515548706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optometry","display_name":"Optometry","score":0.1988881230354309}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778818243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899552","display_name":"Optical coherence tomography","level":2,"score":0.7565057277679443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779829184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q631361","display_name":"Diabetic retinopathy","level":3,"score":0.7461718320846558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194789388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17855283","display_name":"CAD","level":2,"score":0.5644025802612305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.5592444539070129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780827179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422001","display_name":"Retinal","level":2,"score":0.5293132662773132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5062748193740845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780929884","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q737460","display_name":"Blindness","level":2,"score":0.5003161430358887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779549770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1122413","display_name":"Computer-aided diagnosis","level":2,"score":0.47626206278800964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.47112345695495605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.43527457118034363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118487528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161437","display_name":"Ophthalmology","level":1,"score":0.4281519055366516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.42457252740859985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555293320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12206","display_name":"Diabetes mellitus","level":2,"score":0.4142567813396454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.34663933515548706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119767625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q618211","display_name":"Optometry","level":1,"score":0.1988881230354309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199639397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1788588","display_name":"Engineering drawing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/isspit.2018.8642744","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isspit.2018.8642744","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 IEEE International Symposium on Signal Processing and Information Technology (ISSPIT)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.8100000023841858}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1178013299","https://openalex.org/W1972829195","https://openalex.org/W2045227075","https://openalex.org/W2100756624","https://openalex.org/W2145704702","https://openalex.org/W2277325960","https://openalex.org/W2417923780","https://openalex.org/W2511703975","https://openalex.org/W2520083946","https://openalex.org/W2554093589","https://openalex.org/W2564861555","https://openalex.org/W2597124360","https://openalex.org/W2743884226","https://openalex.org/W2756841569","https://openalex.org/W2758294756","https://openalex.org/W2768132506","https://openalex.org/W2784716683","https://openalex.org/W2807650948","https://openalex.org/W4231275049","https://openalex.org/W6744244341","https://openalex.org/W6745191184"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1589419489","https://openalex.org/W4237698013","https://openalex.org/W4249730947","https://openalex.org/W2401657978","https://openalex.org/W2042797887","https://openalex.org/W3046286921","https://openalex.org/W4388065772","https://openalex.org/W2184730658","https://openalex.org/W2005103005","https://openalex.org/W4229543669"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Diabetic":[0],"retinopathy":[1],"(DR)":[2],"is":[3,18],"a":[4,36,64,128,135],"leading":[5],"cause":[6],"of":[7,20,24,38,42,48,74,78,142,153],"vision":[8],"loss":[9],"in":[10,32,54],"adults":[11],"between":[12],"20":[13],"and":[14,51,56,87,105],"74":[15],"years.":[16],"It":[17,27],"one":[19],"the":[21,29,33,46,49,72,75,99,139],"significant":[22],"causes":[23],"blindness":[25],"worldwide.":[26],"affects":[28],"blood":[30,100],"vessels":[31,101],"retina":[34],"as":[35],"complication":[37],"diabetes.":[39],"Early":[40],"detection":[41,73,141],"DR":[43,79],"could":[44],"reduce":[45],"severity":[47],"disease":[50],"help":[52],"ophthalmologists":[53],"treating":[55],"investigating":[57],"it":[58],"more":[59],"efficiently.":[60],"In":[61],"this":[62,147],"paper,":[63],"computer-aided":[65],"diagnosis":[66],"(CAD)":[67],"system":[68,94,137,148],"was":[69,95],"developed":[70],"for":[71,138],"early":[76,140],"signs":[77],"using":[80],"both":[81,119],"optical":[82,88],"coherence":[83,89],"tomography":[84,90],"angiography":[85],"(OCTA)":[86],"(OCT)":[91],"scans.":[92],"This":[93],"able":[96],"to":[97,127,133],"segment":[98],"from":[102,109,118],"OCTA":[103],"images":[104],"twelve":[106],"retinal":[107],"layers":[108],"OCT":[110],"images.":[111,121],"Then,":[112],"five":[113],"different":[114],"features":[115,124],"were":[116],"extracted":[117],"segmented":[120],"Finally,":[122],"these":[123],"are":[125],"fed":[126],"support":[129],"vector":[130],"machines":[131],"(SVM)":[132],"generate":[134],"CAD":[136],"DR.":[143],"Using":[144],"2-fold":[145],"cross-validation,":[146],"achieved":[149],"an":[150],"average":[151],"accuracy":[152],"97%.":[154]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}