{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2601900449","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isspit.2016.7886059","title":"Classifying children with reading difficulties from non-impaired readers via symbolic dynamics and complexity analysis of MEG resting-state data","display_name":"Classifying children with reading difficulties from non-impaired readers via symbolic dynamics and complexity analysis of MEG resting-state data","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2601900449","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isspit.2016.7886059","mag":"2601900449"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/isspit.2016.7886059","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isspit.2016.7886059","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 IEEE International Symposium on Signal Processing and Information Technology (ISSPIT)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077755476","display_name":"Stavros I. Dimitriadis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0000-5392"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21370196","display_name":"Aristotle University of Thessaloniki","ror":"https://ror.org/02j61yw88","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21370196"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Stavros I. Dimitriadis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Informatics, Aristotle University, Thessaloniki, Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Informatics, Aristotle University, Thessaloniki, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21370196"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090126137","display_name":"Panagiotis G. Simos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0116-8564"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142617266","display_name":"University of Crete","ror":"https://ror.org/00dr28g20","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142617266"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Panagiotis Simos","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Medicine, University of Crete, Crete, Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Medicine, University of Crete, Crete, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142617266"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037194592","display_name":"Nikolaos Laskaris","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1960-394X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21370196","display_name":"Aristotle University of Thessaloniki","ror":"https://ror.org/02j61yw88","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21370196"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nikolaos A. Laskaris","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Informatics, Aristotle University, Thessaloniki, Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Informatics, Aristotle University, Thessaloniki, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21370196"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102057288","display_name":"Spiros Fotopoulos","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174878644","display_name":"University of Patras","ror":"https://ror.org/017wvtq80","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174878644"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Spiros Fotopoulos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, University of Patras, Rio, Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, University of Patras, Rio, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174878644"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022208991","display_name":"Jack \u039c. Fletcher","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1181-6721"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44461941","display_name":"University of Houston","ror":"https://ror.org/048sx0r50","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jack M. Fletcher","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Texas, TX, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Texas, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044618648","display_name":"David E.J. Linden","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5638-9292"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79510175","display_name":"Cardiff University","ror":"https://ror.org/03kk7td41","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79510175"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Linden","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79510175"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091318917","display_name":"Andrew C. Papanicolaou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5543-1268"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156806","display_name":"Le Bonheur Children's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/056wg8a82","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210156806"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrew C. Papanicolaou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pediatrics, Le Bonheur Children's Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pediatrics, Le Bonheur Children's Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156806"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5077755476"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21370196"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.65,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70727567,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"333","last_page":"336"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10581","display_name":"Neural dynamics and brain function","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10581","display_name":"Neural dynamics and brain function","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9929999709129333,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9887999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetoencephalography","display_name":"Magnetoencephalography","score":0.8920525312423706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neurophysiology","display_name":"Neurophysiology","score":0.6179623603820801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5625545978546143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5601018071174622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5521027445793152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.5393085479736328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5214475989341736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/symbolic-dynamics","display_name":"Symbolic dynamics","score":0.48733505606651306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-series","display_name":"Time series","score":0.465902179479599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain-activity-and-meditation","display_name":"Brain activity and meditation","score":0.4214816093444824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resting-state-fmri","display_name":"Resting state fMRI","score":0.4187001585960388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.41420820355415344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electroencephalography","display_name":"Electroencephalography","score":0.3376387059688568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3066689968109131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.262391597032547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.2534944713115692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.11314383149147034}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C556910895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q384188","display_name":"Magnetoencephalography","level":3,"score":0.8920525312423706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152478114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660910","display_name":"Neurophysiology","level":2,"score":0.6179623603820801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5625545978546143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5601018071174622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5521027445793152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.5393085479736328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5214475989341736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16101541","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1350838","display_name":"Symbolic dynamics","level":2,"score":0.48733505606651306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151406439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186588","display_name":"Time series","level":2,"score":0.465902179479599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120843803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4955807","display_name":"Brain activity and meditation","level":3,"score":0.4214816093444824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66324658","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7316120","display_name":"Resting state fMRI","level":2,"score":0.4187001585960388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.41420820355415344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C522805319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179965","display_name":"Electroencephalography","level":2,"score":0.3376387059688568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3066689968109131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.262391597032547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.2534944713115692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.11314383149147034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/isspit.2016.7886059","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isspit.2016.7886059","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 IEEE International Symposium on Signal Processing and Information Technology (ISSPIT)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk:101007","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401195","display_name":"ORCA Online Research @Cardiff (Cardiff University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79510175","host_organization_name":"Cardiff University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79510175"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference or Workshop Item"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6680420078","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MR/L010305/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334626","funder_display_name":"Medical Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8048946694","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MR/K004360/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334626","funder_display_name":"Medical Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334626","display_name":"Medical Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/03x94j517"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1964141474","https://openalex.org/W1968018198","https://openalex.org/W1976944830","https://openalex.org/W1998792502","https://openalex.org/W2006283047","https://openalex.org/W2047062262","https://openalex.org/W2050307652","https://openalex.org/W2060215718","https://openalex.org/W2068844879","https://openalex.org/W2077770566","https://openalex.org/W2087787555","https://openalex.org/W2091472121","https://openalex.org/W2095259243","https://openalex.org/W2099422663","https://openalex.org/W2108666827","https://openalex.org/W2129613547","https://openalex.org/W2149620660","https://openalex.org/W2162911385","https://openalex.org/W2166073443","https://openalex.org/W2166322089","https://openalex.org/W2343541920","https://openalex.org/W2344117729","https://openalex.org/W6675137446","https://openalex.org/W6681822384","https://openalex.org/W6684534354"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2417900385","https://openalex.org/W126271258","https://openalex.org/W2058642012","https://openalex.org/W2905582910","https://openalex.org/W2115711068","https://openalex.org/W2133080863","https://openalex.org/W1511411771","https://openalex.org/W2162915647","https://openalex.org/W1988099024","https://openalex.org/W2009129964"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Magnetoencephalography":[0],"(MEG)":[1],"is":[2],"a":[3,85,134,142,154,168],"brain":[4],"imaging":[5],"method":[6],"affording":[7],"real-time":[8],"temporal,":[9],"and":[10,35,45,87,174],"adequate":[11],"spatial":[12],"resolution":[13],"to":[14,119,153,184],"reveal":[15],"aberrant":[16],"neurophysiological":[17],"function":[18],"associated":[19],"with":[20,133,190,210],"dyslexia.":[21,231],"In":[22],"this":[23,138],"study":[24],"we":[25,140],"analyzed":[26],"sensor-level":[27],"resting-state":[28],"neuromagnetic":[29],"recordings":[30,209],"from":[31,187],"25":[32],"reading-disabled":[33],"children":[34],"27":[36],"non-impaired":[37,188],"readers":[38,189],"under":[39],"the":[40,54,81,93,105,126,148,161,180,217,227],"notion":[41],"of":[42,56,61,75,107,129,150,160,182,195,207,223,230],"symbolic":[43,67],"dynamics":[44,229],"complexity":[46,55,71,143,163],"analysis.":[47],"We":[48],"compared":[49],"two":[50,122,162],"techniques":[51],"for":[52],"estimating":[53],"MEG":[57,77,116,208],"time-series":[58],"in":[59,104,225],"each":[60,76,115,130],"8":[62],"frequency":[63],"bands":[64],"based":[65,91,146,171],"on":[66,92,147,172],"dynamics:":[68],"(a)":[69],"Lempel-Ziv":[70],"(LZC)":[72],"entailing":[73],"binarization":[74],"time":[78,117,131],"series":[79,118,132],"using":[80,167],"mean":[82],"amplitude":[83],"as":[84,216],"threshold,":[86],"(b)":[88],"An":[89],"approach":[90,113],"neural-gas":[94],"algorithm":[95,139],"(NG)":[96],"which":[97],"has":[98],"been":[99],"used":[100],"by":[101,124],"our":[102],"group":[103],"context":[106],"various":[108],"symbolization":[109,206],"schemes.":[110],"The":[111,157],"NG":[112],"transforms":[114],"more":[120],"than":[121],"symbols":[123],"learning":[125],"reconstructed":[127],"manifold":[128],"small":[135],"error.":[136],"Using":[137],"computed":[141],"index":[144],"(CI)":[145],"distribution":[149],"words":[151],"up":[152],"predetermined":[155],"length.":[156],"relative":[158],"performance":[159,194],"indexes":[164],"was":[165],"assessed":[166],"classification":[169],"procedure":[170],"k-NN":[173],"Support":[175],"Vector":[176],"Machines.":[177],"Results":[178],"revealed":[179],"capacity":[181],"CI":[183,219],"discriminate":[185],"impaired":[186],"80%":[191],"accuracy.":[192],"Corresponding":[193],"LZC":[196],"values":[197],"did":[198],"not":[199],"exceed":[200],"55%.":[201],"These":[202],"findings":[203],"indicate":[204],"that":[205],"an":[211],"appropriate":[212],"neuroinformatic":[213],"approach,":[214],"such":[215],"proposed":[218],"metric,":[220],"may":[221],"be":[222],"value":[224],"understanding":[226],"neural":[228]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-01-13T01:12:25.745995","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}