{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7133353762","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isscc49663.2026.11409212","title":"A 51.6\u03bcJ/Token Subspace-Rotation-Based Dual-Quantized Large-language-Model Accelerator with Fused Scale-Activation INT Datapath and Rearranged Bit-Slice LUT Computation","display_name":"A 51.6\u03bcJ/Token Subspace-Rotation-Based Dual-Quantized Large-language-Model Accelerator with Fused Scale-Activation INT Datapath and Rearranged Bit-Slice LUT Computation","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7133353762","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isscc49663.2026.11409212"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/isscc49663.2026.11409212","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isscc49663.2026.11409212","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2026 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference (ISSCC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5128008147","display_name":"Bo Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bo Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Southeast University,Nanjing,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southeast University,Nanjing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062140266","display_name":"Zihan Zou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1510-1341"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zihan Zou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Southeast University,Nanjing,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southeast University,Nanjing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5123418339","display_name":"Xinming Yan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinming Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Southeast University,Nanjing,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southeast University,Nanjing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5127902016","display_name":"Xilong Kang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xilong Kang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Southeast University,Nanjing,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southeast University,Nanjing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5123409566","display_name":"Xinyang Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinyang Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Southeast University,Nanjing,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southeast University,Nanjing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5127934847","display_name":"Bo Hu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bo Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Southeast University,Nanjing,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southeast University,Nanjing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5123385075","display_name":"Jiaming Lin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiaming Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Southeast University,Nanjing,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southeast University,Nanjing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093240366","display_name":"Haoran Du","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4251-1046"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haoran Du","raw_affiliation_strings":["Southeast University,Nanjing,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southeast University,Nanjing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5127879407","display_name":"Jun Yang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Southeast University,Nanjing,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southeast University,Nanjing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5127909350","display_name":"Xin Si","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xin Si","raw_affiliation_strings":["Southeast University,Nanjing,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southeast University,Nanjing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5127905675","display_name":"Hao Cai","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hao Cai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Southeast University,Nanjing,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southeast University,Nanjing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.13679458,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"536","last_page":"538"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.3100000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.3100000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10904","display_name":"Embedded Systems Design Techniques","score":0.2061000019311905,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.07000000029802322,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/datapath","display_name":"Datapath","score":0.8371000289916992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lookup-table","display_name":"Lookup table","score":0.6406000256538391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.545199990272522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.5141000151634216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.43230000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chip","display_name":"Chip","score":0.4198000133037567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hadamard-transform","display_name":"Hadamard transform","score":0.4074999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rotation","display_name":"Rotation (mathematics)","score":0.40209999680519104}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781198647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1633673","display_name":"Datapath","level":2,"score":0.8371000289916992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134835016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690265","display_name":"Lookup table","level":2,"score":0.6406000256538391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5680000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.545199990272522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.5141000151634216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4327000081539154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.43230000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165005293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074500","display_name":"Chip","level":2,"score":0.4198000133037567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.4092999994754791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60292330","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1014065","display_name":"Hadamard transform","level":2,"score":0.4074999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74050887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q848368","display_name":"Rotation (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.40209999680519104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.40130001306533813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.39559999108314514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.3580999970436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.3488999903202057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45235069","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q278425","display_name":"Table (database)","level":2,"score":0.3434999883174896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C459310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q117801","display_name":"Computational science","level":1,"score":0.3343999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.3068999946117401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.30219998955726624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157922185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173198","display_name":"Logic synthesis","level":3,"score":0.2994999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.29330000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135402231","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898440","display_name":"Dissipation","level":2,"score":0.2851000130176544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.2849000096321106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42935608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190411","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","level":2,"score":0.2759000062942505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777735758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q817765","display_name":"Path (computing)","level":2,"score":0.2754000127315521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777210771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927124","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","level":2,"score":0.2651999890804291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131017901","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170451","display_name":"Logic gate","level":2,"score":0.2565000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125411270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18653","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","level":2,"score":0.2533999979496002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2515000104904175}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/isscc49663.2026.11409212","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isscc49663.2026.11409212","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2026 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference (ISSCC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G120510889","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023YFB4403103","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W4360606782","https://openalex.org/W4392739437","https://openalex.org/W4392746069","https://openalex.org/W4408183246","https://openalex.org/W4409261373","https://openalex.org/W4411486388"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A$51.6\\mu":[0],"\\mathrm{J}/\\text{token}$accelerator":[1],"for":[2],"rotation-based":[3],"dual-quantized":[4],"LLMs":[5],"is":[6],"presented.":[7],"A":[8,25],"subspace-rotation":[9],"method":[10],"with":[11],"parallel":[12],"Hadamard":[13],"transposer":[14],"reduces":[15,59],"on-chip":[16],"rotation":[17],"power":[18],"by":[19,23,31,62],"62.3%":[20],"and":[21],"area":[22],"59.7%.":[24],"fused":[26],"scale-activation":[27],"unit":[28],"lowers":[29],"energy":[30,44,61],"61.5%":[32],"vs.":[33],"the":[34],"naive":[35],"FP":[36],"design.":[37],"Rearranged":[38],"bit-slice":[39],"LUT":[40],"computation":[41],"achieves$2.":[42],"28\\times$better":[43],"efficiency":[45],"compared":[46],"to":[47],"a":[48],"direct":[49],"bit-parallel":[50],"MAC":[51],"implementation,":[52],"while":[53],"supporting":[54],"flexible":[55],"bit-width.":[56],"The":[57],"chip":[58],"per-token":[60],"32.6%":[63],"over":[64],"SOTA":[65],"under":[66],"an":[67],"equal":[68],"accuracy":[69],"constraint.":[70]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2026-03-04T00:00:00"}