{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7133324971","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isscc49663.2026.11409074","title":"21.4 A Background-Calibrated NPN-Based Temperature Sensor with 0.05\u00b0C ($3 \\sigma$) Inaccuracy from \u221270\u00b0C to 125\u00b0C","display_name":"21.4 A Background-Calibrated NPN-Based Temperature Sensor with 0.05\u00b0C ($3 \\sigma$) Inaccuracy from \u221270\u00b0C to 125\u00b0C","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7133324971","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isscc49663.2026.11409074"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/isscc49663.2026.11409074","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isscc49663.2026.11409074","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2026 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference (ISSCC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070447612","display_name":"Nandor G. Toth","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7546-3257"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Nandor G. Toth","raw_affiliation_strings":["TU Delft,Delft,The Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TU Delft,Delft,The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5124065277","display_name":"Kofi. A. A. Makinwa","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kofi A. A. Makinwa","raw_affiliation_strings":["TU Delft,Delft,The Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TU Delft,Delft,The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5070447612"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89565217,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"370","last_page":"372"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.10329999774694443,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.10329999774694443,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11993","display_name":"Atomic and Subatomic Physics Research","score":0.08820000290870667,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12564","display_name":"Sensor Technology and Measurement Systems","score":0.07769999653100967,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensitivity","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","score":0.5967000126838684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/temperature-measurement","display_name":"Temperature measurement","score":0.48669999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.4693000018596649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.38359999656677246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.33799999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.3052000105381012}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21200559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7451068","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","level":2,"score":0.5967000126838684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72293138","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q909741","display_name":"Temperature measurement","level":2,"score":0.48669999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4693000018596649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.38359999656677246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.37369999289512634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.34940001368522644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.33799999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.31859999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.3052000105381012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780009758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804172","display_name":"Measure (data warehouse)","level":2,"score":0.29679998755455017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.29660001397132874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19619285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q196372","display_name":"Observational error","level":2,"score":0.29190000891685486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.2662999927997589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.26429998874664307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165838908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q736777","display_name":"Calibration","level":2,"score":0.2630000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.2531000077724457}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/isscc49663.2026.11409074","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isscc49663.2026.11409074","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2026 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference (ISSCC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":3,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2104728225","https://openalex.org/W2583045991","https://openalex.org/W4408181529"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"work,":[2],"an":[3,24],"NPN-based":[4],"temperature":[5],"sensor":[6],"is":[7],"presented":[8],"that":[9],"introduces":[10],"a":[11,38],"backgroundcalibration":[12],"scheme":[13],"to":[14,33],"correct":[15],"all":[16],"current-domain":[17],"errors":[18],"in":[19],"its":[20],"front-end.":[21],"It":[22],"achieves":[23],"inaccuracy":[25],"of":[26],"0.05\u00b0":[27],"C(3":[28],"\\sigma)":[29],"from":[30],"\u221270\u00b0":[31],"C":[32,35],"125\u00b0":[34],"(RIA=0.05%)":[36],"after":[37],"one-point":[39],"trim,":[40],"which":[41],"represents":[42],"the":[43],"state-of-the-art":[44],"energy":[45],"efficiency":[46],"(100fJ.K2)":[47],"and":[48],"power":[49],"supply":[50],"sensitivity":[51],"(PSS)":[52],"(0.004\u00b0C/V).":[53]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-05T07:30:30.508283","created_date":"2026-03-04T00:00:00"}