{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4408183147","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isscc49661.2025.10904639","title":"5.6 A Power-Efficient CORDIC-Less Digital Polar Transmitter Using 1b DSM-Based PA Supporting 256-QAM","display_name":"5.6 A Power-Efficient CORDIC-Less Digital Polar Transmitter Using 1b DSM-Based PA Supporting 256-QAM","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-02-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4408183147","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isscc49661.2025.10904639"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/isscc49661.2025.10904639","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isscc49661.2025.10904639","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference (ISSCC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040477650","display_name":"Yuncheng Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6467-3667"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuncheng Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Science Tokyo,Tokyo,Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Science Tokyo,Tokyo,Japan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103086411","display_name":"Zezheng Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2285-593X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zezheng Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Science Tokyo,Tokyo,Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Science Tokyo,Tokyo,Japan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100348809","display_name":"Duo Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5227-5565"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Duo Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Science Tokyo,Tokyo,Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Science Tokyo,Tokyo,Japan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029680843","display_name":"Minzhe Tang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0087-4752"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Minzhe Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Science Tokyo,Tokyo,Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Science Tokyo,Tokyo,Japan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100691749","display_name":"Yi Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1102-4433"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Science Tokyo,Tokyo,Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Science Tokyo,Tokyo,Japan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081527973","display_name":"H\u00f3ngy\u00e8 Hu\u00e1ng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6071-2075"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongye Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Science Tokyo,Tokyo,Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Science Tokyo,Tokyo,Japan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080076770","display_name":"Dingxin Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4691-2147"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dingxin Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Science Tokyo,Tokyo,Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Science Tokyo,Tokyo,Japan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060789782","display_name":"Waleed Madany","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5653-9983"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Waleed Madany","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Science Tokyo,Tokyo,Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Science Tokyo,Tokyo,Japan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042366511","display_name":"Ashbir Aviat Fadila","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5529-8217"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ashbir Aviat Fadila","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Science Tokyo,Tokyo,Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Science Tokyo,Tokyo,Japan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100631552","display_name":"Wenqian Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6428-6026"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenqian Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Science Tokyo,Tokyo,Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Science Tokyo,Tokyo,Japan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029698845","display_name":"Yuang Xiong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8111-0268"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuang Xiong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Science Tokyo,Tokyo,Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Science Tokyo,Tokyo,Japan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086306183","display_name":"Daxu Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6586-5238"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daxu Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Science Tokyo,Tokyo,Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Science Tokyo,Tokyo,Japan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Garry Pranata Kusuma","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Garry Pranata Kusuma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Science Tokyo,Tokyo,Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Science Tokyo,Tokyo,Japan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007873333","display_name":"Hiroyuki Sakai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7144-1549"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hiroyuki Sakai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Science Tokyo,Tokyo,Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Science Tokyo,Tokyo,Japan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048924114","display_name":"Kazuaki Kunihiro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1163-4976"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kazuaki Kunihiro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Science Tokyo,Tokyo,Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Science Tokyo,Tokyo,Japan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028333708","display_name":"Atsushi Shirane","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8172-4323"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Atsushi Shirane","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Science Tokyo,Tokyo,Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Science Tokyo,Tokyo,Japan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053238101","display_name":"Kenichi Okada","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0535-9720"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kenichi Okada","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Science Tokyo,Tokyo,Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Science Tokyo,Tokyo,Japan","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":17,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9811,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.72152682,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"100","last_page":"103"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9943000078201294,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9943000078201294,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11248","display_name":"Advanced Power Amplifier Design","score":0.9908000230789185,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":0.9896000027656555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cordic","display_name":"CORDIC","score":0.7636736631393433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter","display_name":"Transmitter","score":0.7226886749267578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quadrature-amplitude-modulation","display_name":"Quadrature amplitude modulation","score":0.66998291015625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6128811240196228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polar","display_name":"Polar","score":0.5414732694625854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.48067507147789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/qam","display_name":"QAM","score":0.4429680407047272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3835766017436981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.26162153482437134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.21247336268424988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.13015559315681458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.09292501211166382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bit-error-rate","display_name":"Bit error rate","score":0.08523771166801453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field-programmable-gate-array","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","score":0.07843005657196045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.06642726063728333}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58870171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q116076","display_name":"CORDIC","level":3,"score":0.7636736631393433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.7226886749267578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32409245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749753","display_name":"Quadrature amplitude modulation","level":4,"score":0.66998291015625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6128811240196228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29705727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q294562","display_name":"Polar","level":2,"score":0.5414732694625854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.48067507147789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59030546","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7265371","display_name":"QAM","level":5,"score":0.4429680407047272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3835766017436981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.26162153482437134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.21247336268424988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.13015559315681458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.09292501211166382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56296756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840922","display_name":"Bit error rate","level":3,"score":0.08523771166801453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42935608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190411","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","level":2,"score":0.07843005657196045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.06642726063728333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/isscc49661.2025.10904639","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isscc49661.2025.10904639","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference (ISSCC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8500000238418579,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G986473284","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"JPJ012368C00801","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335839","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Information and Communications Technology"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309074","display_name":"Cadence Design Systems","ror":"https://ror.org/04w8xa018"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335839","display_name":"National Institute of Information and Communications Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/016bgq349"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2024460255","https://openalex.org/W2084208879","https://openalex.org/W2086681809","https://openalex.org/W2128604276","https://openalex.org/W2131600307","https://openalex.org/W2274213189","https://openalex.org/W2407917029","https://openalex.org/W2513588855","https://openalex.org/W2590315573","https://openalex.org/W2594929092","https://openalex.org/W2766585732","https://openalex.org/W2886657778","https://openalex.org/W2908594358","https://openalex.org/W2919345445","https://openalex.org/W2946490786","https://openalex.org/W2981919357","https://openalex.org/W3015414896","https://openalex.org/W3040132809","https://openalex.org/W3048489956","https://openalex.org/W3091128755","https://openalex.org/W3203544106","https://openalex.org/W3214845255","https://openalex.org/W4206094072","https://openalex.org/W4288391359","https://openalex.org/W4321770117","https://openalex.org/W4380520311","https://openalex.org/W4390692317"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4390873927","https://openalex.org/W2159438609","https://openalex.org/W2900995485","https://openalex.org/W2147334234","https://openalex.org/W3196902411","https://openalex.org/W2139936226","https://openalex.org/W3026565890","https://openalex.org/W2064534496","https://openalex.org/W1970526599","https://openalex.org/W2161389097"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"CMOS":[0],"digital":[1,7,49,230],"transmitters":[2],"(TXs)":[3],"with":[4,265],"integrated":[5],"switching-mode":[6],"power":[8,25,59,219,253],"amplifiers":[9],"(PAs)":[10],"are":[11],"becoming":[12],"increasingly":[13],"popular":[14],"since":[15],"they":[16,62],"benefit":[17],"from":[18,38,141,202],"the":[19,98,222],"Moore's":[20],"Law":[21],"and":[22,43,55,82,121,150,169,213,240,252],"demonstrate":[23],"high":[24,58],"efficiency":[26,145,268],"[1]\u2013[12].":[27],"Digital":[28,67,205],"quadrature":[29],"TXs":[30,51],"offer":[31],"a":[32,64,228,266,275],"simple":[33],"system":[34,223],"architecture":[35],"but":[36,197],"suffer":[37,140,201],"issues":[39],"like":[40],"IQ":[41],"mismatch":[42],"duty-cycle":[44],"errors":[45],"[13]\u2013[18].":[46],"In":[47,225],"contrast,":[48],"polar":[50,76,231],"avoid":[52],"these":[53,198],"problems":[54],"can":[56,162,172,176,208,261],"achieve":[57,137],"efficiency.":[60],"However,":[61],"require":[63],"COordinate":[65],"Rotation":[66],"Computer":[68],"(CORDIC)":[69],"to":[70,94,110,117,136,147,221],"convert":[71],"baseband":[72,106],"I/O":[73],"signals":[74,85],"into":[75],"coordinates,":[77],"consisting":[78],"of":[79,97],"amplitude-modulated":[80],"(AM)":[81],"phase-modulated":[83],"(PM)":[84],"[19]\u2013[23].":[86],"The":[87,258],"CORDIC-based":[88],"signal":[89,107],"conversion":[90],"is":[91,245],"non-linear,":[92],"leading":[93],"bandwidth":[95],"expansion":[96],"AM/PM":[99],"outputs.":[100],"This":[101,247],"becomes":[102],"particularly":[103],"problematic":[104],"as":[105,131],"bandwidths":[108],"increase":[109],"support":[111,262],"higher":[112],"data-rates,":[113],"making":[114],"it":[115,216],"challenging":[116],"implement":[118],"wide-bandwidth":[119],"amplitude":[120,138],"phase":[122,243],"modulation":[123,244],"while":[124],"maintaining":[125],"linearity.":[126,154,174],"Switched-Capacitor":[127],"Power":[128],"Amplifiers":[129],"(SCPAs),":[130],"used":[132],"in":[133,211],"[20],":[134],"[21]":[135],"modulation,":[139,215],"low":[142],"power-back-off":[143],"(PBO)":[144],"due":[146],"switch-capacitor":[148,256],"losses,":[149],"multi-bit":[151],"PAs":[152],"lack":[153],"While":[155],"Voltage-Mode":[156],"Doherty":[157],"(VMD)":[158],"SCPAs":[159],"[22],":[160,189],"[23]":[161],"improve":[163],"PBO":[164],"efficiency,":[165,254],"mismatches":[166],"between":[167],"peak":[168],"6dB-PBO":[170],"modes":[171],"degrade":[173],"PM":[175,214],"be":[177],"implemented":[178],"using":[179],"two-point":[180],"modulated":[181],"Phase-Locked":[182],"Loops":[183],"(PLLs)":[184],"[24]\u2013[26],":[185],"Phase":[186],"Interpolators":[187],"(PI)":[188],"[27],":[190],"or":[191],"Digital-to-Time":[192],"Converters":[193],"(DTC)":[194],"[8],":[195],"[21],":[196],"methods":[199],"also":[200],"nonlinearity.":[203],"Although":[204],"Pre-Distortion":[206],"(DPD)":[207],"mitigate":[209],"nonlinearity":[210],"AM":[212],"adds":[217],"significant":[218],"consumption":[220],"[27].":[224],"this":[226],"work,":[227],"CORDIC-Iess":[229],"TX":[232,260],"utilizing":[233],"an":[234],"intrinsically":[235],"linear":[236],"1":[237],"b":[238],"PA":[239],"edge":[241],"selection-based":[242],"proposed.":[246],"design":[248],"offers":[249],"good":[250],"linearity":[251],"avoiding":[255],"losses.":[257],"proposed":[259],"50MS/s":[263],"256-0AM":[264],"power-added":[267],"(PAE)":[269],"greater":[270],"than":[271],"20%":[272],"without":[273],"requiring":[274],"DPD.":[276]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}