{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4360606966","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isscc42615.2023.10067292","title":"34.2 A 28-nm Bulk-CMOS IC for Full Control of a Superconducting Quantum Processor Unit-Cell","display_name":"34.2 A 28-nm Bulk-CMOS IC for Full Control of a Superconducting Quantum Processor Unit-Cell","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-02-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4360606966","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isscc42615.2023.10067292"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/isscc42615.2023.10067292","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isscc42615.2023.10067292","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE International Solid- State Circuits Conference (ISSCC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079687609","display_name":"Juhwan Yoo","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Juhwan Yoo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google Quantum Al,Goleta,CA,United States","Google Quantum Al, Goleta, CA, United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google Quantum Al,Goleta,CA,United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google Quantum Al, Goleta, CA, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101609780","display_name":"Zijun Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8642-1604"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zijun Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google Quantum Al,Goleta,CA,United States","Google Quantum Al, Goleta, CA, United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google Quantum Al,Goleta,CA,United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google Quantum Al, Goleta, CA, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014090748","display_name":"Frank Arute","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7179-0631"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Frank Arute","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google Quantum Al,Goleta,CA,United States","Google Quantum Al, Goleta, CA, United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google Quantum Al,Goleta,CA,United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google Quantum Al, Goleta, CA, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086193730","display_name":"Shirin Montazeri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7124-4585"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shirin Montazeri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google Quantum Al,Goleta,CA,United States","Google Quantum Al, Goleta, CA, United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google Quantum Al,Goleta,CA,United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google Quantum Al, Goleta, CA, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065969593","display_name":"Marco Szalay","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1310-9174"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marco Szalay","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google Quantum Al,Goleta,CA,United States","Google Quantum Al, Goleta, CA, United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google Quantum Al,Goleta,CA,United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google Quantum Al, Goleta, CA, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103248638","display_name":"Catherine Erickson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7432-5946"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Catherine Erickson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google Quantum Al,Goleta,CA,United States","Google Quantum Al, Goleta, CA, United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google Quantum Al,Goleta,CA,United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google Quantum Al, Goleta, CA, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113537118","display_name":"E. Jeffrey","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Evan Jeffrey","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google Quantum Al,Goleta,CA,United States","Google Quantum Al, Goleta, CA, United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google Quantum Al,Goleta,CA,United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google Quantum Al, Goleta, CA, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048459317","display_name":"Reza Fatemi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9081-2608"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Reza Fatemi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google Quantum Al,Goleta,CA,United States","Google Quantum Al, Goleta, CA, United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google Quantum Al,Goleta,CA,United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google Quantum Al, Goleta, CA, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042731148","display_name":"Marissa Giustina","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1283-2862"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marissa Giustina","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google Quantum Al,Goleta,CA,United States","Google Quantum Al, Goleta, CA, United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google Quantum Al,Goleta,CA,United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google Quantum Al, Goleta, CA, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055486364","display_name":"M. Ansmann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8765-5621"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Markus Ansmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google Quantum Al,Goleta,CA,United States","Google Quantum Al, Goleta, CA, United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google Quantum Al,Goleta,CA,United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google Quantum Al, Goleta, CA, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025879410","display_name":"Erik Lucero","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6449-2273"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Erik Lucero","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google Quantum Al,Goleta,CA,United States","Google Quantum Al, Goleta, CA, United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google Quantum Al,Goleta,CA,United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google Quantum Al, Goleta, CA, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008493129","display_name":"J. Kelly","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2596-2121"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Julian Kelly","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google Quantum Al,Goleta,CA,United States","Google Quantum Al, Goleta, CA, United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google Quantum Al,Goleta,CA,United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google Quantum Al, Goleta, CA, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078045247","display_name":"Joseph C. Bardin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6523-6730"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24603500","display_name":"University of Massachusetts Amherst","ror":"https://ror.org/0072zz521","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joseph C. Bardin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google Quantum Al,Goleta,CA,United States","Google Quantum Al, Goleta, CA, United States","University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google Quantum Al,Goleta,CA,United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google Quantum Al, Goleta, CA, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":13,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5079687609"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.0127,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":34,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97059113,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"506","last_page":"508"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10382","display_name":"Quantum and electron transport phenomena","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmon","display_name":"Transmon","score":0.7909499406814575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/qubit","display_name":"Qubit","score":0.7569616436958313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-computer","display_name":"Quantum computer","score":0.659913182258606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/baseband","display_name":"Baseband","score":0.5674469470977783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.5312751531600952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5201728343963623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.435351699590683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum","display_name":"Quantum","score":0.42238712310791016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.4031064808368683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.38023650646209717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.35493403673171997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.20714455842971802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-mechanics","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","score":0.16852447390556335}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776222033","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7834688","display_name":"Transmon","level":4,"score":0.7909499406814575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203087015","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q378201","display_name":"Qubit","level":3,"score":0.7569616436958313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58053490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176555","display_name":"Quantum computer","level":3,"score":0.659913182258606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65165936","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q575784","display_name":"Baseband","level":3,"score":0.5674469470977783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.5312751531600952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5201728343963623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.435351699590683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.42238712310791016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.4031064808368683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.38023650646209717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.35493403673171997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.20714455842971802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.16852447390556335}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/isscc42615.2023.10067292","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isscc42615.2023.10067292","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE International Solid- State Circuits Conference (ISSCC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.5899999737739563}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2079099822","https://openalex.org/W2084222475","https://openalex.org/W2982169647","https://openalex.org/W3089495739","https://openalex.org/W3106097556","https://openalex.org/W3163303881","https://openalex.org/W4220687857","https://openalex.org/W6785568178"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4382281260","https://openalex.org/W4226092092","https://openalex.org/W4221143630","https://openalex.org/W4281983429","https://openalex.org/W3139129959","https://openalex.org/W1514719731","https://openalex.org/W4387075962","https://openalex.org/W4323717342","https://openalex.org/W2032738805","https://openalex.org/W4322760478"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"While":[0],"large-scale":[1],"fault-tolerant":[2],"quantum":[3,41,60,107,127,193],"computers":[4,42],"promise":[5],"to":[6,10,28,43,81,95,115,142,180],"enable":[7],"the":[8,64,73,82,87,91,96,143,150,162,182],"solution":[9],"certain":[11],"classes":[12],"of":[13,56,86,93,145,155,171,184],"problems":[14],"for":[15,159,168,192],"which":[16],"no":[17],"other":[18],"efficient":[19],"approach":[20],"is":[21,26,75,190],"known,":[22],"such":[23,57],"a":[24,31,58,156,172,185],"machine":[25],"believed":[27],"require":[29],"over":[30],"million":[32],"performant":[33],"qubits.":[34,123],"Scaling":[35],"today's":[36],"0(100)":[37],"qubit":[38],"superconducting":[39],"(SC)":[40],"this":[44],"extent":[45],"while":[46],"also":[47],"improving":[48],"performance":[49],"carries":[50],"many":[51],"daunting":[52],"challenges,":[53],"including":[54],"control":[55,65,116,128,170],"large":[59],"processor":[61],"(QP).":[62],"Integrating":[63],"electronics":[66],"at":[67],"an":[68,76],"intermediate":[69],"temperature":[70],"stage":[71],"within":[72],"cryostat":[74],"attractive":[77],"option,":[78],"e.g.,":[79],"due":[80],"inherent":[83],"thermal":[84],"stability":[85],"cryogenic":[88],"environment":[89],"and":[90,119,152,164,176],"feasibility":[92],"connecting":[94],"QP":[97,174],"via":[98],"dense":[99],"low-loss/high-thermal-isolation":[100],"SC":[101,173],"lines":[102],"[1],":[103,121],"[2].":[104],"Several":[105],"cryo-CMOS":[106,157],"controllers":[108],"have":[109,130],"been":[110],"reported,":[111],"with":[112],"examples":[113],"used":[114],"spin":[117],"[3]":[118],"transmon":[120],"[2]":[122],"To":[124],"date,":[125],"IC-based":[126],"experiments":[129],"focused":[131],"on":[132],"resonant":[133],"RF":[134,163],"control,":[135],"but":[136],"baseband":[137,165],"signals":[138,166],"are":[139],"often":[140],"central":[141],"execution":[144],"gates.":[146],"Here,":[147],"we":[148],"report":[149],"design":[151],"system":[153],"characterization":[154],"IC":[158],"generating":[160],"both":[161],"required":[167],"full":[169],"unit-cell,":[175],"show":[177],"its":[178],"ability":[179],"implement":[181],"components":[183],"high-fidelity":[186],"gate":[187],"set":[188],"that":[189],"universal":[191],"computing.":[194]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-03-13T16:22:10.518609","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
