{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4220903013","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isscc42614.2022.9731744","title":"A WiFi and Bluetooth Backscattering Combo Chip Featuring Beam Steering via a Fully-Reflective Phased-Controlled Multi-Antenna Termination Technique Enabling Operation Over 56 Meters","display_name":"A WiFi and Bluetooth Backscattering Combo Chip Featuring Beam Steering via a Fully-Reflective Phased-Controlled Multi-Antenna Termination Technique Enabling Operation Over 56 Meters","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-02-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4220903013","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isscc42614.2022.9731744"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/isscc42614.2022.9731744","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isscc42614.2022.9731744","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607897","display_name":"2022 IEEE International Solid- State Circuits Conference (ISSCC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE International Solid- State Circuits Conference (ISSCC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014948998","display_name":"Shih-Kai Kuo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0520-3459"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California, San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shih-Kai Kuo","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California,San Diego,CA","University of California, San Diego, CA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California,San Diego,CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, San Diego, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047397054","display_name":"Manideep Dunna","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0881-3025"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California, San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Manideep Dunna","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California,San Diego,CA","University of California, San Diego, CA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California,San Diego,CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, San Diego, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040875765","display_name":"Dinesh Bharadia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3518-4722"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California, San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dinesh Bharadia","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California,San Diego,CA","University of California, San Diego, CA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California,San Diego,CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, San Diego, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044161396","display_name":"Patrick P. Mercier","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1488-5076"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California, San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Patrick P. Mercier","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California,San Diego,CA","University of California, San Diego, CA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California,San Diego,CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, San Diego, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5014948998"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.378,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":28,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98913043,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"3"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12791","display_name":"Full-Duplex Wireless Communications","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6477971076965332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beam-steering","display_name":"Beam steering","score":0.5833020806312561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transceiver","display_name":"Transceiver","score":0.5781439542770386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/link-budget","display_name":"Link budget","score":0.5511733889579773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.5031151175498962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.48709583282470703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.4233867824077606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4226647615432739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bluetooth","display_name":"Bluetooth","score":0.41022735834121704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.33464425802230835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.3242347836494446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2137218415737152}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6477971076965332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143148639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4876192","display_name":"Beam steering","level":3,"score":0.5833020806312561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7720470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q954187","display_name":"Transceiver","level":3,"score":0.5781439542770386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94137725","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1509342","display_name":"Link budget","level":3,"score":0.5511733889579773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.5031151175498962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.48709583282470703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.4233867824077606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4226647615432739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C546215728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39531","display_name":"Bluetooth","level":3,"score":0.41022735834121704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.33464425802230835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3242347836494446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2137218415737152}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/isscc42614.2022.9731744","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isscc42614.2022.9731744","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607897","display_name":"2022 IEEE International Solid- State Circuits Conference (ISSCC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE International Solid- State Circuits Conference (ISSCC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8600000143051147}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5140087246","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1923902","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337680","display_name":"Center for U.S.-Mexican Studies, University of California, San Diego","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":4,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W3047370150","https://openalex.org/W3134016130","https://openalex.org/W3174330873","https://openalex.org/W4286892892"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1980497016","https://openalex.org/W2138738405","https://openalex.org/W2369540926","https://openalex.org/W2373986985","https://openalex.org/W2371101364","https://openalex.org/W2351480425","https://openalex.org/W2388077539","https://openalex.org/W2043364408","https://openalex.org/W2384216559","https://openalex.org/W2802366701"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Many":[0],"envisioned":[1],"IoT":[2,31],"applications":[3],"are":[4,221,236],"not":[5,96,223],"realizable":[6],"today":[7],"due":[8],"to":[9,40,158,167,188,192,232],"the":[10,19,147],"mW-level":[11],"power":[12,47,129,175],"burden":[13],"of":[14,70,89],"wireless":[15],"communication":[16,35],"circuits":[17],"for":[18,73,99],"most":[20],"popular":[21],"consumer":[22],"standards:":[23],"WiFi":[24,33,54],"and":[25,68,79,91,164,172,220],"BLE.":[26,245],"To":[27],"help":[28],"enable":[29,41],"new":[30],"applications,":[32],"backscatter":[34,122,239],"techniques":[36],"have":[37,217],"been":[38],"shown":[39],"a":[42,170,186,200],"\u223c1,":[43],"000\u00d7":[44],"reduction":[45],"in":[46,102,149,182,199,226],"consumption":[48],"over":[49,162],"conventional":[50],"transceivers":[51],"while":[52],"maintaining":[53],"standard":[55],"compatibility":[56],"[1]\u2013[3].":[57],"However,":[58],"pragmatic":[59],"deployment":[60,119],"is":[61,95,124],"currently":[62],"hindered":[63],"by":[64,137],"their":[65],"limited":[66],"range,":[67],"lack":[69],"IC":[71],"implementations":[72],"BLE":[74],"[4]\u2013[5].":[75],"For":[76,145],"example,":[77,146],"[3]":[78],"[1]":[80,163],"only":[81,134,198],"operate":[82,243],"with":[83,112,126,155,204,244],"inter-":[84],"access":[85],"point":[86],"(AP)":[87],"distances":[88],"16m":[90],"21m,":[92],"respectively,":[93],"which":[94,216],"quite":[97],"sufficient":[98],"robust":[100],"operation":[101],"dense":[103],"office":[104],"environments,":[105],"or":[106,110,141],"large":[107],"smart":[108],"warehouses":[109],"airports":[111],"larger":[113],"(and":[114],"therefore":[115],"lower":[116],"cost)":[117],"inter-AP":[118],"distances.":[120],"Since":[121],"modulation":[123],"passive":[125],"no":[127,205,237],"RF":[128],"amplification,":[130],"additional":[131],"range":[132,166,233],"can":[133,242],"be":[135],"achieved":[136],"reducing":[138],"insertion":[139,160],"loss":[140,161],"adding":[142],"antenna":[143,195],"gain.":[144],"work":[148,181],"[2]":[150,183],"replaced":[151],"500":[152],"absorbing":[153],"terminations":[154,157],"reactive":[156],"reduce":[159],"improve":[165],"26m,":[168],"though":[169,197],"bulky":[171],"lossy":[173],"Wilkinson":[174],"splitter/combiner":[176],"was":[177],"still":[178],"required.":[179],"The":[180],"also":[184],"introduced":[185],"way":[187],"utilize":[189],"multiple":[190],"antennas":[191],"achieve":[193],"MIMO-like":[194],"gain,":[196],"static":[201],"retro-reflective":[202],"manner":[203],"beam":[206],"steering":[207],"capabilities.":[208],"This":[209],"latter":[210],"approach":[211],"requires":[212],"two":[213],"co-located":[214],"APs,":[215],"self-interference":[218],"challenges,":[219,234],"thus":[222],"readily":[224],"available":[225],"existing":[227],"mesh":[228],"networks.":[229],"In":[230],"addition":[231],"there":[235],"current":[238],"ICs":[240],"that":[241]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-05T09:29:38.588285","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}