{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4221028079","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isscc42614.2022.9731726","title":"A 1.23W/mm<sup>2</sup> 83.7%-Efficiency 400MHz 6-Phase Fully Integrated Buck Converter in 28nm CMOS with On-Chip Capacitor Dynamic Re-Allocation for Inter-Inductor Current Balancing and Fast DVS of 75mV/ns","display_name":"A 1.23W/mm<sup>2</sup> 83.7%-Efficiency 400MHz 6-Phase Fully Integrated Buck Converter in 28nm CMOS with On-Chip Capacitor Dynamic Re-Allocation for Inter-Inductor Current Balancing and Fast DVS of 75mV/ns","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-02-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4221028079","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isscc42614.2022.9731726"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/isscc42614.2022.9731726","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isscc42614.2022.9731726","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607897","display_name":"2022 IEEE International Solid- State Circuits Conference (ISSCC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE International Solid- State Circuits Conference (ISSCC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101894269","display_name":"Jeong-Hyun Cho","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8889-6865"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeong-Hyun Cho","raw_affiliation_strings":["KAIST,Daejeon,Korea","KAIST, Daejeon, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"KAIST,Daejeon,Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"KAIST, Daejeon, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100377974","display_name":"Dong-Kyu Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4186-0424"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dong-Kyu Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["KAIST,Daejeon,Korea","KAIST, Daejeon, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"KAIST,Daejeon,Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"KAIST, Daejeon, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032249629","display_name":"Hong-Hyun Bae","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hong-Hyun Bae","raw_affiliation_strings":["KAIST,Daejeon,Korea","KAIST, Daejeon, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"KAIST,Daejeon,Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"KAIST, Daejeon, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100698505","display_name":"Yong-Jin Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9257-0681"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250650973","display_name":"Samsung (South Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/04w3jy968","country_code":"KR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yong-Jin Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["KAIST,Daejeon,Korea","KAIST, Daejeon, Korea","Samsung Electronics, Hwaseong, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"KAIST,Daejeon,Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"KAIST, Daejeon, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Samsung Electronics, Hwaseong, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034810716","display_name":"Seok-Tae Koh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8331-1223"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seok-Tae Koh","raw_affiliation_strings":["KAIST,Daejeon,Korea","KAIST, Daejeon, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"KAIST,Daejeon,Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"KAIST, Daejeon, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087868146","display_name":"Younghwan Choo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2685-5694"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250650973","display_name":"Samsung (South Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/04w3jy968","country_code":"KR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Younghwan Choo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Samsung Electronics,Hwaseong,Korea","Samsung Electronics, Hwaseong, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Samsung Electronics,Hwaseong,Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Samsung Electronics, Hwaseong, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000633156","display_name":"Ji-Seon Paek","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250650973","display_name":"Samsung (South Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/04w3jy968","country_code":"KR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ji-Seon Paek","raw_affiliation_strings":["Samsung Electronics,Hwaseong,Korea","Samsung Electronics, Hwaseong, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Samsung Electronics,Hwaseong,Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Samsung Electronics, Hwaseong, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101602883","display_name":"Hyun\u2010Sik Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4564-7938"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hyun-Sik Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["KAIST,Daejeon,Korea","KAIST, Daejeon, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"KAIST,Daejeon,Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"KAIST, Daejeon, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.1034,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97179512,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"3"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10175","display_name":"Advanced DC-DC Converters","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10175","display_name":"Advanced DC-DC Converters","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10361","display_name":"Silicon Carbide Semiconductor Technologies","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inductor","display_name":"Inductor","score":0.7979810237884521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ripple","display_name":"Ripple","score":0.7823547124862671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/duty-cycle","display_name":"Duty cycle","score":0.6713036894798279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/buck-converter","display_name":"Buck converter","score":0.5775151252746582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/capacitor","display_name":"Capacitor","score":0.5698063373565674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5188230872154236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/converters","display_name":"Converters","score":0.50614994764328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.4781825840473175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-efficiency","display_name":"Electrical efficiency","score":0.47693437337875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4650747776031494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.4566231966018677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.44461774826049805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.43415647745132446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electromagnetic-coil","display_name":"Electromagnetic coil","score":0.420118123292923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.3967408537864685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.24918988347053528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.15214979648590088}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144534570","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5325","display_name":"Inductor","level":3,"score":0.7979810237884521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779599953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1776117","display_name":"Ripple","level":3,"score":0.7823547124862671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199822604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q557120","display_name":"Duty cycle","level":3,"score":0.6713036894798279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150818752","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83804","display_name":"Buck converter","level":3,"score":0.5775151252746582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52192207","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5322","display_name":"Capacitor","level":3,"score":0.5698063373565674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5188230872154236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778422915","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10302051","display_name":"Converters","level":3,"score":0.50614994764328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.4781825840473175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118993495","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5042828","display_name":"Electrical efficiency","level":3,"score":0.47693437337875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4650747776031494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4566231966018677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.44461774826049805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.43415647745132446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30403606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2981904","display_name":"Electromagnetic coil","level":2,"score":0.420118123292923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3967408537864685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.24918988347053528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.15214979648590088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/isscc42614.2022.9731726","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isscc42614.2022.9731726","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607897","display_name":"2022 IEEE International Solid- State Circuits Conference (ISSCC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE International Solid- State Circuits Conference (ISSCC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8899999856948853}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2001442398","https://openalex.org/W2170493514","https://openalex.org/W2922228113","https://openalex.org/W3134583148","https://openalex.org/W3135080476","https://openalex.org/W3171357689"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1496654594","https://openalex.org/W2529302948","https://openalex.org/W2964398416","https://openalex.org/W2943869303","https://openalex.org/W3184289612","https://openalex.org/W2364388885","https://openalex.org/W2594291011","https://openalex.org/W2734663550","https://openalex.org/W4220881610","https://openalex.org/W1995412312"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"For":[0],"more":[1,177,184],"efficient":[2],"power":[3,27,116,250],"management":[4],"in":[5,36,49,123,134,261],"processors,":[6],"a":[7,66,187,219,295],"high-frequency":[8],"and":[9,55,74,93,115,197,271,280],"multi-phase":[10,81,284],"(MP)":[11],"integrated":[12,50,223],"voltage":[13,31,272],"regulator":[14],"(IVR)":[15],"using":[16],"multiple":[17],"inductors":[18],"would":[19],"be":[20,120,183,210],"an":[21,42],"ideal":[22],"solution":[23],"to":[24,89,103,119,202,275],"deliver":[25],"optimized":[26,212],"with":[28,248],"rapid":[29],"dynamic":[30,254],"scaling":[32],"(DVS)":[33],"[1]\u2013[5].":[34],"Nevertheless,":[35],"practical":[37],"use,":[38],"MP-IVRs":[39,135],"suffer":[40],"from":[41],"inter-inductor":[43,237],"current":[44,67,91,101],"imbalance":[45],"because":[46,193],"of":[47,62,80,108,150,160,170,190,205,227,232,256,278],"mismatches":[48],"inductances,":[51],"different":[52],"parasitic":[53],"resistances,":[54],"duty-control":[56],"skews":[57],"among":[58],"all":[59],"phases":[60,161],"(top":[61],"Fig.":[63,228],"18.1.1).":[64,229],"Such":[65],"mismatch":[68],"may":[69],"cause":[70],"larger":[71],"output":[72,198,267],"ripple":[73,199,273],"efficiency":[75,145,181,293],"degradation,":[76],"losing":[77],"the":[78,105,112,124,137,143,148,158,174,179,194,203,207,241,262,266,276],"benefits":[79],"operation.":[82],"Also,":[83],"thermal":[84],"hotspots":[85],"can":[86,141,182],"occur":[87],"due":[88],"excessive":[90],"density":[92],"deteriorate":[94],"reliability.":[95],"Previous":[96],"approaches":[97],"[2],":[98,157],"[4]":[99],"use":[100],"sensors":[102],"calibrate":[104],"duty":[106],"cycle":[107],"each":[109],"phase,":[110],"but":[111],"design":[113],"complexity":[114],"overhead":[117],"tend":[118],"greatly":[121],"increased":[122],"high-speed":[125],"sensing":[126,245],"circuitry":[127],"for":[128,168,214,268,288],"fast-switching":[129],"converters.":[130],"An":[131],"additional":[132],"consideration":[133],"is":[136,176],"phase-shedding":[138,175,290],"technique,":[139],"which":[140],"improve":[142],"light-load":[144],"by":[146,164,240],"reducing":[147],"number":[149,159,204,277],"phases.":[151],"In":[152],"many":[153],"prior":[154],"works":[155],"[1],":[156],"was":[162],"adjusted":[163],"2N":[165],"(e.g.,":[166],"1-2-4)":[167],"simplicity":[169],"phase":[171],"division.":[172],"If":[173],"fine-grained,":[178],"overall":[180],"flattened":[185],"over":[186,294],"wide":[188,296],"range":[189],"loads.":[191],"Moreover,":[192],"frequency":[195],"response":[196],"vary":[200],"according":[201],"phases,":[206,279],"MP-IVR":[208],"should":[209],"adaptively":[211,274],"further":[213],"them.":[215],"This":[216],"paper":[217],"presents":[218],"400MHz":[220],"6-phase":[221],"fully":[222],"buck":[224],"converter":[225],"(bottom":[226],"Key":[230],"contributions":[231],"this":[233],"work":[234],"include":[235],"1)":[236],"true-average-current":[238],"matching":[239],"flying-capacitor-based":[242],"peak-and-valley":[243],"differential":[244],"(PVDS)":[246],"technique":[247],"near-zero":[249],"overhead,":[251],"2)":[252],"area-efficient":[253],"re-allocation":[255],"on-chip":[257],"capacitors":[258],"used":[259],"either":[260],"PVDS":[263],"or":[264],"at":[265],"optimizing":[269],"responsiveness":[270],"3)":[281],"DLL":[282],"-based":[283],"clock":[285],"generation":[286],"(MPCG)":[287],"fine-grained":[289],"functionality,":[291],"improving":[292],"load":[297],"range.":[298]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}