{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3135483217","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isscc42613.2021.9365985","title":"28.4 A 400mV<sub>pp</sub> 92.3 dB-SNDR 1kHz-BW 2<sup>nd</sup>-Order VCO-Based ExG-to-Digital Front-End Using a Multiphase Gated-Inverted Ring-Oscillator Quantizer","display_name":"28.4 A 400mV<sub>pp</sub> 92.3 dB-SNDR 1kHz-BW 2<sup>nd</sup>-Order VCO-Based ExG-to-Digital Front-End Using a Multiphase Gated-Inverted Ring-Oscillator Quantizer","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-02-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3135483217","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isscc42613.2021.9365985","mag":"3135483217"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/isscc42613.2021.9365985","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isscc42613.2021.9365985","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE International Solid- State Circuits Conference (ISSCC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033250095","display_name":"Corentin Pochet","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3826-340X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California, San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Corentin Pochet","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, San Diego, CA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, San Diego, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101910549","display_name":"Jiannan Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9890-3384"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California, San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiannan Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, San Diego, CA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, San Diego, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044161396","display_name":"Patrick P. Mercier","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1488-5076"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California, San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Patrick P. Mercier","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, San Diego, CA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, San Diego, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040823901","display_name":"Drew A. Hall","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0674-074X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California, San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Drew A. Hall","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, San Diego, CA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, San Diego, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5033250095"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5041,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":26,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80273732,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"392","last_page":"394"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage-controlled-oscillator","display_name":"Voltage-controlled oscillator","score":0.6162513494491577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.6103779077529907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-impedance","display_name":"Electrical impedance","score":0.5254223346710205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.5052385926246643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.45824286341667175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.4479670524597168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3973497748374939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.3794358968734741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.16776826977729797}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5291336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q852341","display_name":"Voltage-controlled oscillator","level":3,"score":0.6162513494491577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.6103779077529907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17829176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179043","display_name":"Electrical impedance","level":2,"score":0.5254223346710205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.5052385926246643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.45824286341667175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4479670524597168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3973497748374939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.3794358968734741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.16776826977729797}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/isscc42613.2021.9365985","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isscc42613.2021.9365985","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE International Solid- State Circuits Conference (ISSCC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.7099999785423279,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":3,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2567171447","https://openalex.org/W2983362496","https://openalex.org/W2996809643"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2070109416","https://openalex.org/W1523213765","https://openalex.org/W2388316590","https://openalex.org/W4388486464","https://openalex.org/W2902200568","https://openalex.org/W2380576078","https://openalex.org/W3157583314","https://openalex.org/W2261105975","https://openalex.org/W2040399070","https://openalex.org/W2079831558"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Next-generation":[0],"wearable":[1],"devices":[2,26],"will":[3],"enable":[4,34],"clinical-grade,":[5],"continuous":[6],"ExG":[7,43],"(ECG,":[8],"EEG,":[9],"EMG,":[10],"etc.)":[11],"biopotential":[12],"monitoring,":[13],"providing":[14],"medical":[15],"professionals":[16],"with":[17,56,67,141],"valuable":[18],"longitudinal":[19],"data":[20],"outside":[21],"of":[22,48,168,174],"hospital":[23],"settings.":[24],"These":[25],"must":[27],"be":[28],"ultra-low":[29],"power":[30],"(<;":[31,107],"10\u03bcW)":[32],"to":[33,60,74,149],"long":[35],"battery":[36],"life":[37],"while":[38,157],"accurately":[39],"digitizing":[40],"sub-kHz,":[41],"\u03bcV-level":[42],"signals":[44],"in":[45,128,165,171],"the":[46,75,154,166],"presence":[47,167],"large":[49],"motion":[50],"and/or":[51,109],"stimulation":[52],"art":[53],"ifacts":[54],"(>100mV)":[55],"high":[57],"input-impedance":[58,106,152],"(Zin>10M\u03a9)":[59],"avoid":[61],"signal":[62],"attenuation.":[63],"Achieving":[64],"such":[65],"performance":[66],"conventional":[68],"PGA+ADC":[69],"architectures":[70],"is":[71],"challenging":[72],"due":[73],"conflicting":[76],"low-power":[77],"and":[78,163],">90dB":[79],"dynamic-range":[80],"(DR)":[81],"requirements":[82],"[1].":[83],"To":[84],"address":[85],"this,":[86],"several":[87],"direct":[88],"digitization":[89],"analog":[90],"front-ends":[91],"(AFEs)":[92],"have":[93,104],"been":[94],"reported":[95],"[2-4].":[96],"While":[97],"these":[98],"offer":[99],"wide":[100],"DR,":[101],"they":[102],"typically":[103],"low":[105,110],"5M\u03a9)":[108],"power-efficiency":[111],"(FoM\u2264172dB).":[112],"This":[113],"paper":[114],"presents":[115],"a":[116,129,133],"scalable":[117],"2nd-order":[118],"voltage-controlled":[119],"oscillator":[120],"(VCO)-only":[121],"\u0394\u03a3":[122],"ADC":[123,145],"that":[124],"achieves":[125],"92.3dB":[126],"SNDR":[127],"1kHz":[130],"bandwidth":[131,156],"using":[132],"mismatch":[134],"tolerant,":[135],"multiphase":[136],"gated-inverted":[137],"ring-oscillator":[138],"(GIRO)":[139],"quantizer":[140],"dynamic":[142],"powerscaling.":[143],"The":[144],"uses":[146],"an":[147,172],"impedance-booster":[148],"maintain":[150],">50M\u03a9":[151],"over":[153],"entire":[155],"consuming":[158],"4.25\u03bcW":[159],"during":[160],"nominal":[161],"operation":[162],"5.8\u03bcW":[164],"artifacts":[169],"resulting":[170],"FoM":[173],"174.7dB.":[175]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
