{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3134685192","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isscc42613.2021.9365852","title":"11.8 An Echo-Cancelling Front-End for 112Gb/s PAM-4 Simultaneous Bidirectional Signaling in 14nm CMOS","display_name":"11.8 An Echo-Cancelling Front-End for 112Gb/s PAM-4 Simultaneous Bidirectional Signaling in 14nm CMOS","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-02-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3134685192","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isscc42613.2021.9365852","mag":"3134685192"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/isscc42613.2021.9365852","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isscc42613.2021.9365852","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE International Solid- State Circuits Conference (ISSCC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077462467","display_name":"R. Farjad-Rad","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210154351","display_name":"Marvell (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04wmff902","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210092679","https://openalex.org/I4210154351"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ramin Farjadrad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Marvell, Santa Clara, CA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Marvell, Santa Clara, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210154351"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032794974","display_name":"Kambiz Kaviani","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210154351","display_name":"Marvell (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04wmff902","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210092679","https://openalex.org/I4210154351"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kambiz Kaviani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Marvell, Santa Clara, CA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Marvell, Santa Clara, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210154351"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071056967","display_name":"David Nguyen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6312-310X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210154351","display_name":"Marvell (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04wmff902","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210092679","https://openalex.org/I4210154351"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Nguyen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Marvell, Santa Clara, CA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Marvell, Santa Clara, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210154351"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087353826","display_name":"Michael Brown","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210154351","display_name":"Marvell (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04wmff902","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210092679","https://openalex.org/I4210154351"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Brown","raw_affiliation_strings":["Marvell, Santa Clara, CA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Marvell, Santa Clara, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210154351"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004846945","display_name":"Govert Geelen","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Govert Geelen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Marvell, Eindhoven, The Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Marvell, Eindhoven, The Netherlands","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071166853","display_name":"Corn\u00e9 Bastiaansen","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Corne Bastiaansen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Marvell, Eindhoven, The Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Marvell, Eindhoven, The Netherlands","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020930623","display_name":"N. Bhaskara Rao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210154351","display_name":"Marvell (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04wmff902","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210092679","https://openalex.org/I4210154351"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Narendra Rao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Marvell, Santa Clara, CA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Marvell, Santa Clara, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210154351"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047249944","display_name":"Viswa Popuri","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210154351","display_name":"Marvell (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04wmff902","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210092679","https://openalex.org/I4210154351"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Viswa Popuri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Marvell, Santa Clara, CA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Marvell, Santa Clara, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210154351"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046262741","display_name":"Greg Shen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210154351","display_name":"Marvell (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04wmff902","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210092679","https://openalex.org/I4210154351"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Greg Shen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Marvell, Santa Clara, CA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Marvell, Santa Clara, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210154351"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064244498","display_name":"Hamid Khatibi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2099-5327"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210154351","display_name":"Marvell (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04wmff902","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210092679","https://openalex.org/I4210154351"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hamid Khatibi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Marvell, Santa Clara, CA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Marvell, Santa Clara, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210154351"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038188803","display_name":"Saudas Dey","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saudas Dey","raw_affiliation_strings":["Marvell, Bangalore, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Marvell, Bangalore, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017587749","display_name":"Anirban Chatterjee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9462-1198"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anirban Chatterjee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Marvell, Bangalore, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Marvell, Bangalore, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113702359","display_name":"David Shen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210154351","display_name":"Marvell (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04wmff902","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210092679","https://openalex.org/I4210154351"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Shen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Marvell, Santa Clara, CA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Marvell, Santa Clara, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210154351"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064494577","display_name":"Peter Zijlstra","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9804-2265"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter Zijlstra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Marvell, Eindhoven, The Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Marvell, Eindhoven, The Netherlands","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034274555","display_name":"Harrie Gunnink","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Harrie Gunnink","raw_affiliation_strings":["Marvell, Eindhoven, The Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Marvell, Eindhoven, The Netherlands","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106035143","display_name":"Kebin Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210154351","display_name":"Marvell (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04wmff902","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210092679","https://openalex.org/I4210154351"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kebin Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Marvell, Santa Clara, CA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Marvell, Santa Clara, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210154351"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031165445","display_name":"Venkat Penumuchu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210154351","display_name":"Marvell (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04wmff902","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210092679","https://openalex.org/I4210154351"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Venkat Penumuchu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Marvell, Santa Clara, CA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Marvell, Santa Clara, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210154351"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033039243","display_name":"Oliver Weiss","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210154351","display_name":"Marvell (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04wmff902","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210092679","https://openalex.org/I4210154351"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Oliver Weiss","raw_affiliation_strings":["Marvell, Santa Clara, CA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Marvell, Santa Clara, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210154351"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090159805","display_name":"Edward Paulus","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Edward Paulus","raw_affiliation_strings":["Marvell, Eindhoven, The Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Marvell, Eindhoven, The Netherlands","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070319703","display_name":"J. Briaire","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joost Briaire","raw_affiliation_strings":["Marvell, Eindhoven, The Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Marvell, Eindhoven, The Netherlands","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":20,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5077462467"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210154351"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4355,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79391161,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"194","last_page":"196"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11429","display_name":"Semiconductor Lasers and Optical Devices","score":0.9948999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.7701546549797058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/front-and-back-ends","display_name":"Front and back ends","score":0.7121336460113525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/echo","display_name":"Echo (communications protocol)","score":0.6383309960365295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.4404464662075043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.424239844083786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3549608588218689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.3423471450805664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.32968759536743164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.20117413997650146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.08511790633201599}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.7701546549797058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53016008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q620167","display_name":"Front and back ends","level":2,"score":0.7121336460113525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779426996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18389128","display_name":"Echo (communications protocol)","level":2,"score":0.6383309960365295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.4404464662075043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.424239844083786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3549608588218689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.3423471450805664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.32968759536743164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.20117413997650146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.08511790633201599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/isscc42613.2021.9365852","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isscc42613.2021.9365852","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE International Solid- State Circuits Conference (ISSCC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.46000000834465027}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":2,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2921382588","https://openalex.org/W3015563675"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W1473737476","https://openalex.org/W2061432289","https://openalex.org/W3014521742","https://openalex.org/W2276571074","https://openalex.org/W2617868873","https://openalex.org/W3204141294","https://openalex.org/W4386230336","https://openalex.org/W4306968100","https://openalex.org/W2109445684"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"rapid":[1],"growth":[2],"of":[3,55,116,148,179],"hyperscale":[4],"data":[5,17],"centers":[6],"has":[7],"led":[8],"to":[9,70,85,101],"an":[10],"increased":[11],"demand":[12],"for":[13,135,140],"high-speed":[14],"and":[15,24,95,138,152,171],"low-latency":[16],"connectivity":[18],"solution":[19,100],"upgrades,":[20],"which":[21,49,81,112],"are":[22],"power-efficient":[23],"minimal":[25],"cost.":[26],"In":[27],"the":[28,51,77,83,87,102,146,168,173],"last":[29],"few":[30],"years,":[31],"PAM-4":[32,56],"modulation":[33],"across":[34,154],"copper":[35,176],"channels":[36,131,177],"was":[37],"realized":[38],"by":[39,75],"high-performance":[40,93],"electrical":[41],"transceivers":[42],"in":[43],"a":[44,63,98,114],"tight":[45],"signal":[46,117],"integrity":[47],"environment,":[48],"employed":[50,109],"superior":[52],"spectral":[53],"efficiency":[54],"over":[57],"NRZ":[58,69],"signaling.":[59],"This":[60],"shift":[61],"created":[62],"relatively":[64],"smooth":[65],"path":[66],"from":[67],"28Gb/s":[68],"56Gb/s":[71],"PAM4":[72],"per":[73,132,164],"lane":[74,165],"keeping":[76],"same":[78],"baud":[79],"rate,":[80],"eliminated":[82],"need":[84],"replace":[86],"legacy":[88],"communication":[89],"channel":[90,110,157],"components":[91,111],"with":[92],"cables":[94],"connectors,":[96],"providing":[97],"cost-effective":[99],"overall":[103],"system.":[104],"To":[105],"achieve":[106],"112Gb/s,":[107],"solutions":[108,126],"require":[113],"doubling":[115],"bandwidth,":[118],"thus":[119],"increasing":[120],"system":[121],"cost":[122],"[1,2].":[123],"While":[124],"such":[125,158],"commonly":[127],"use":[128],"two":[129],"separate":[130],"lane,":[133],"one":[134,139],"transmit":[136],"(Tx)":[137],"receive":[141],"(Rx),":[142],"this":[143],"paper":[144],"demonstrates":[145],"utilization":[147],"simultaneous":[149],"bidirectional":[150],"Tx":[151],"Rx":[153],"each":[155],"individual":[156],"that":[159],"112Gb/s":[160],"can":[161],"be":[162],"achieved":[163],"while":[166],"maintaining":[167],"28Gbaud":[169],"rate":[170],"thereby":[172],"legacy,":[174],"low-cost":[175],"(top":[178],"Fig.":[180],"11.8.1).":[181]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-03-05T09:29:38.588285","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
