{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3015720672","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isscc19947.2020.9062926","title":"5.9 A 0.8V Multimode Vision Sensor for Motion and Saliency Detection with Ping-Pong PWM Pixel","display_name":"5.9 A 0.8V Multimode Vision Sensor for Motion and Saliency Detection with Ping-Pong PWM Pixel","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3015720672","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isscc19947.2020.9062926","mag":"3015720672"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/isscc19947.2020.9062926","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isscc19947.2020.9062926","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 IEEE International Solid- State Circuits Conference - (ISSCC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006152966","display_name":"Tzu-Hsiang Hsu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7481-075X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25846049","display_name":"National Tsing Hua University","ror":"https://ror.org/00zdnkx70","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tzu-Hsiang Hsu","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058352164","display_name":"Yen-Kai Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25846049","display_name":"National Tsing Hua University","ror":"https://ror.org/00zdnkx70","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yen-Kai Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059089862","display_name":"Jun-Shen Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3816-3350"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25846049","display_name":"National Tsing Hua University","ror":"https://ror.org/00zdnkx70","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun-Shen Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106557460","display_name":"Wen-Chien Ting","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0282-6095"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25846049","display_name":"National Tsing Hua University","ror":"https://ror.org/00zdnkx70","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wen-Chien Ting","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046674599","display_name":"Cheng-Te Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25846049","display_name":"National Tsing Hua University","ror":"https://ror.org/00zdnkx70","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cheng-Te Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044743591","display_name":"Chen-Fu Yeh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6873-990X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25846049","display_name":"National Tsing Hua University","ror":"https://ror.org/00zdnkx70","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen-Fu Yeh","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039470387","display_name":"Syuan-Hao Sie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6285-3349"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25846049","display_name":"National Tsing Hua University","ror":"https://ror.org/00zdnkx70","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Syuan-Hao Sie","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056687683","display_name":"Yiren Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3347-8695"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25846049","display_name":"National Tsing Hua University","ror":"https://ror.org/00zdnkx70","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi-Ren Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007060812","display_name":"Ren-Shuo Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5311-4955"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25846049","display_name":"National Tsing Hua University","ror":"https://ror.org/00zdnkx70","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ren-Shuo Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030409860","display_name":"Chung\u2010Chuan Lo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7737-7250"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25846049","display_name":"National Tsing Hua University","ror":"https://ror.org/00zdnkx70","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chung-Chuan Lo","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044259295","display_name":"Kea\u2010Tiong Tang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9689-1236"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25846049","display_name":"National Tsing Hua University","ror":"https://ror.org/00zdnkx70","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kea-Tiong Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023225287","display_name":"Meng\u2010Fan Chang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6905-6350"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25846049","display_name":"National Tsing Hua University","ror":"https://ror.org/00zdnkx70","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Meng-Fan Chang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052910427","display_name":"Chih-Cheng Hsieh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4070-5059"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25846049","display_name":"National Tsing Hua University","ror":"https://ror.org/00zdnkx70","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chih-Cheng Hsieh","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":13,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5006152966"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.8494,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":23,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85470451,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11992","display_name":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11472","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry and Sensors","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1502","display_name":"Bioengineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7395418286323547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-sensor","display_name":"Image sensor","score":0.5700269937515259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frame-rate","display_name":"Frame rate","score":0.5433855652809143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.49169856309890747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.4681470990180969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/correlated-double-sampling","display_name":"Correlated double sampling","score":0.45966681838035583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.45942285656929016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motion-detection","display_name":"Motion detection","score":0.45688682794570923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.45305269956588745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motion-blur","display_name":"Motion blur","score":0.42260727286338806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.34435170888900757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.329984575510025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motion","display_name":"Motion (physics)","score":0.10520657896995544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplifier","display_name":"Amplifier","score":0.08561435341835022}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7395418286323547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76935873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q209121","display_name":"Image sensor","level":2,"score":0.5700269937515259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3261483","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q119565","display_name":"Frame rate","level":2,"score":0.5433855652809143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.49169856309890747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.4681470990180969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118277053","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5172837","display_name":"Correlated double sampling","level":4,"score":0.45966681838035583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.45942285656929016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780624872","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q852453","display_name":"Motion detection","level":3,"score":0.45688682794570923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.45305269956588745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777708103","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q852589","display_name":"Motion blur","level":3,"score":0.42260727286338806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.34435170888900757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.329984575510025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104114177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79782","display_name":"Motion (physics)","level":2,"score":0.10520657896995544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.08561435341835022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/isscc19947.2020.9062926","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isscc19947.2020.9062926","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 IEEE International Solid- State Circuits Conference - (ISSCC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8899999856948853,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2036359297","https://openalex.org/W2139336997","https://openalex.org/W2594491944","https://openalex.org/W2744202503","https://openalex.org/W2898054128","https://openalex.org/W2921384261","https://openalex.org/W2965106304","https://openalex.org/W6680823361","https://openalex.org/W6760814933"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2346456779","https://openalex.org/W1990138130","https://openalex.org/W2094004415","https://openalex.org/W2331709517","https://openalex.org/W2170745046","https://openalex.org/W2359843762","https://openalex.org/W2054060211","https://openalex.org/W2795171843","https://openalex.org/W2142311551","https://openalex.org/W2119302896"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Energy-efficient":[0],"always-on":[1],"motion-detection":[2],"(MD)":[3],"sensors":[4,40,107,133,148],"are":[5,10,33,99],"in":[6,13,182],"high":[7],"demand":[8],"and":[9,20,50,73,77,94,117,128,170,185,210,219,232],"widely":[11,34],"used":[12],"machine":[14],"vision":[15,39,196],"applications.":[16],"To":[17,187],"achieve":[18],"real-time":[19],"continuous":[21],"motion":[22,129],"monitoring,":[23],"high-speed":[24,224],"low-power":[25,225],"temporal":[26,175],"difference":[27,176],"imagers":[28],"with":[29,122,206],"corresponding":[30],"processing":[31,65,168,256],"architectures":[32],"investigated":[35],"[1-6].":[36],"Event-based":[37],"dynamic":[38,78],"(DVS)":[41],"have":[42],"been":[43],"reported":[44,111,135],"to":[45,66,112],"reduce":[46,113],"the":[47,53,82,114,123,165,241,254],"redundant":[48],"data":[49,64,115],"power":[51,118],"through":[52],"asynchronous":[54],"timestamped":[55],"event-address":[56],"readout":[57],"[1],":[58],"[2].":[59],"However,":[60,146],"DVS":[61],"needs":[62],"special":[63,151],"collect":[67],"enough":[68],"events":[69],"for":[70,142,154,174,248],"information":[71,98],"extraction,":[72],"suffers":[74],"from":[75],"noise":[76],"effects,":[79],"which":[80],"limits":[81],"advantages":[83],"of":[84,96,102,125,253],"low-latency":[85],"pixel":[86,218],"event":[87,208,229,243],"reporting.":[88],"Furthermore,":[89],"low":[90,126,155],"sensitivity":[91],"(no":[92],"integration)":[93],"lack":[95],"static":[97],"also":[100,246],"drawbacks":[101],"DVS.":[103],"Frame-based":[104],"MD":[105,132,163,195],"rolling-shutter":[106],"[3],":[108],"[4]":[109],"were":[110,134],"bandwidth":[116],"by":[119,239],"sub-sampling":[120],"operation":[121,177,200],"tradeoff":[124],"resolution":[127],"blur.":[130],"Global-shutter":[131],"[5],":[136],"[6]":[137],"using":[138,258],"in-pixel":[139],"analog":[140,167],"memory":[141],"reference":[143],"image":[144,233],"storage.":[145],"such":[147],"require":[149],"a":[150,161,180,193,214],"process":[152],"technology":[153],"off-state":[156],"current":[157],"device":[158],"implementation.":[159],"In":[160],"frame-based":[162,194],"sensor,":[164],"required":[166],"circuit":[169],"two":[171],"successive":[172],"frames":[173],"comes":[178],"at":[179],"cost":[181],"power,":[183],"area,":[184],"speed.":[186],"address":[188],"these":[189],"drawbacks,":[190],"we":[191],"present":[192],"sensor":[197],"featuring":[198],"three":[199],"modes:":[201],"image-capture":[202],"(IC),":[203],"frame-difference":[204],"(FD)":[205],"on/off":[207],"detection,":[209],"saliency-detection":[211],"(SD).":[212],"Using":[213],"low-voltage":[215],"ping-pong":[216],"PWM":[217],"multi-mode":[220],"operation,":[221],"it":[222],"achieves":[223],"full-resolution":[226],"MD,":[227],"consecutive":[228],"frame":[230],"reporting,":[231],"capture":[234],"functions.":[235],"Moreover,":[236],"saliency":[237],"detection":[238],"counting":[240],"block-level":[242],"number":[244],"is":[245],"implemented":[247],"efficient":[249],"optic":[250],"flow":[251],"extraction":[252],"companion":[255],"chip":[257],"simple":[259],"neuromorphic":[260],"circuits.":[261]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}