{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2920982882","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isscc.2019.8662441","title":"5.1 A Stacked Global-Shutter CMOS Imager with SC-Type Hybrid-GS Pixel and Self-Knee Point Calibration Single Frame HDR and On-Chip Binarization Algorithm for Smart Vision Applications","display_name":"5.1 A Stacked Global-Shutter CMOS Imager with SC-Type Hybrid-GS Pixel and Self-Knee Point Calibration Single Frame HDR and On-Chip Binarization Algorithm for Smart Vision Applications","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2920982882","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isscc.2019.8662441","mag":"2920982882"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/isscc.2019.8662441","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isscc.2019.8662441","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE International Solid- State Circuits Conference - (ISSCC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103811234","display_name":"Chen Xu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chen Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["SmartSens Technology, San Jose, CA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SmartSens Technology, San Jose, CA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114164242","display_name":"Yaowu Mo","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yaowu Mo","raw_affiliation_strings":["SmartSens Technology, San Jose, CA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SmartSens Technology, San Jose, CA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028992185","display_name":"Guanjing Ren","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guanjing Ren","raw_affiliation_strings":["SmartSens Technology, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SmartSens Technology, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054455904","display_name":"Weijian Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0650-6448"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weijian Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["SmartSens Technology, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SmartSens Technology, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100328037","display_name":"Xin Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8999-8967"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xin Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["SmartSens Technology, San Jose, CA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SmartSens Technology, San Jose, CA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103058258","display_name":"Wenjie Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0446-1851"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenjie Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["SmartSens Technology, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SmartSens Technology, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049431423","display_name":"Jinjian Hou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6285-2765"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinjian Hou","raw_affiliation_strings":["SmartSens Technology, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SmartSens Technology, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028084904","display_name":"Ke Shao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5457-2846"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ke Shao","raw_affiliation_strings":["SmartSens Technology, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SmartSens Technology, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100735475","display_name":"Haojie Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3855-4423"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haojie Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["SmartSens Technology, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SmartSens Technology, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032561284","display_name":"Pengge Xiao","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pengge Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["SmartSens Technology, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SmartSens Technology, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019320463","display_name":"Zexu Shao","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zexu Shao","raw_affiliation_strings":["SmartSens Technology, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SmartSens Technology, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015086379","display_name":"Xiao Xie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2598-0047"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiao Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["SmartSens Technology, San Jose, CA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SmartSens Technology, San Jose, CA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100735026","display_name":"Xiaoyong Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1147-0051"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoyong Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["SmartSens Technology, San Jose, CA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SmartSens Technology, San Jose, CA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110714317","display_name":"Chris Yiu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chris Yiu","raw_affiliation_strings":["SmartSens Technology, San Jose, CA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SmartSens Technology, San Jose, CA","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":14,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5103811234"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4307,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":22,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81840657,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"94","last_page":"96"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11992","display_name":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11992","display_name":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9896000027656555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13114","display_name":"Image Processing Techniques and Applications","score":0.9864000082015991,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7779280543327332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.6748472452163696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6576123237609863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rolling-shutter","display_name":"Rolling shutter","score":0.6467666029930115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-sensor","display_name":"Image sensor","score":0.6110484004020691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shutter","display_name":"Shutter","score":0.5423347353935242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.49907994270324707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frame-rate","display_name":"Frame rate","score":0.4292910695075989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-device","display_name":"Mobile device","score":0.425595223903656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.40639716386795044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.14060759544372559}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7779280543327332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.6748472452163696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6576123237609863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776166537","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2164193","display_name":"Rolling shutter","level":3,"score":0.6467666029930115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76935873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q209121","display_name":"Image sensor","level":2,"score":0.6110484004020691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776871301","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q691823","display_name":"Shutter","level":2,"score":0.5423347353935242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.49907994270324707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3261483","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q119565","display_name":"Frame rate","level":2,"score":0.4292910695075989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186967261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5082128","display_name":"Mobile device","level":2,"score":0.425595223903656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.40639716386795044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.14060759544372559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/isscc.2019.8662441","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isscc.2019.8662441","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE International Solid- State Circuits Conference - (ISSCC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7400000095367432,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2001773083","https://openalex.org/W2104086223","https://openalex.org/W2523867895","https://openalex.org/W2571040814","https://openalex.org/W2592539811","https://openalex.org/W2616399197","https://openalex.org/W2794266629","https://openalex.org/W6650713326","https://openalex.org/W6958856622","https://openalex.org/W6977565495"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2357032018","https://openalex.org/W2384422880","https://openalex.org/W2202629266","https://openalex.org/W2063529668","https://openalex.org/W4285047768","https://openalex.org/W2589306883","https://openalex.org/W4382988911","https://openalex.org/W2773343101","https://openalex.org/W1507919395","https://openalex.org/W2809928876"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Request":[0],"for":[1,22],"smart":[2,89],"vision":[3,90],"related":[4],"applications,":[5],"such":[6,92],"as":[7,93],"face":[8],"identification,":[9],"VR/AR,":[10],"gesture":[11],"recognition,":[12],"3D":[13,99],"imaging,":[14],"and":[15,44,98,114,134,142,155],"artificial":[16],"intelligence":[17],"(AI),":[18],"has":[19],"driven":[20],"demand":[21],"high-performance":[23],"global-shutter":[24],"(GS)":[25],"sensors.":[26],"Most":[27],"commercially":[28],"available":[29],"GS":[30],"sensors":[31,108,121],"use":[32],"a":[33,55,84,111,124,137,150],"charge-domain":[34],"storage":[35],"gate":[36],"implementation,":[37],"which":[38,78],"suffers":[39],"from":[40],"serious":[41],"light":[42,104],"leakage":[43],"leads":[45],"to":[46,75,109,129,133,153],"lower":[47],"shutter":[48],"efficiency.":[49],"This":[50],"situation":[51],"worsens":[52],"when":[53],"using":[54],"BSI":[56],"fabrication":[57],"process":[58,156],"[1].":[59],"In":[60],"addition,":[61],"the":[62,80,116,146,157,164],"traditional":[63],"frame-based":[64],"or":[65],"line-based":[66],"HDR":[67],"method":[68,105],"utilizing":[69],"multiple":[70],"exposures":[71],"adds":[72],"motion":[73],"artifact":[74],"fast-moving":[76],"objects,":[77],"defeats":[79],"purpose":[81],"of":[82,145],"having":[83],"global":[85],"shutter.":[86],"Moreover,":[87],"some":[88],"applications":[91],"QR":[94],"2D":[95],"barcode":[96],"scanners":[97],"facial":[100],"recognition":[101],"with":[102],"structured":[103],"need":[106],"image":[107,120,126,159],"\u201cread\u201d":[110],"certain":[112],"pattern":[113,148],"\u201cunderstand\u201d":[115],"information":[117],"within.":[118],"However,":[119],"usually":[122],"capture":[123],"full":[125],"that":[127],"needs":[128],"be":[130],"further":[131],"transferred":[132],"processed":[135],"by":[136],"companion":[138],"SoC.":[139],"Higher":[140],"resolution":[141],"increased":[143],"complexity":[144],"target":[147],"pose":[149],"growing":[151],"challenge":[152],"transfer":[154],"entire":[158],"at":[160],"real":[161],"time,":[162],"also":[163],"required":[165],"high":[166],"power":[167],"consumption":[168],"lowers":[169],"handheld":[170],"device's":[171],"battery":[172],"life.":[173]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-02-11T14:41:00.668223","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
