{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2921456183","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isscc.2019.8662359","title":"18.2 A 16fJ/Conversion-Step Time-Domain Two-Step Capacitance-to-Digital Converter","display_name":"18.2 A 16fJ/Conversion-Step Time-Domain Two-Step Capacitance-to-Digital Converter","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2921456183","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isscc.2019.8662359","mag":"2921456183"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/isscc.2019.8662359","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isscc.2019.8662359","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE International Solid- State Circuits Conference - (ISSCC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066653944","display_name":"Xiyuan Tang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2181-9042"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiyuan Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Texas, Austin, TX"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Texas, Austin, TX","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030597298","display_name":"Shaolan Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2736-5451"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shaolan Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Texas, Austin, TX"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Texas, Austin, TX","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085075194","display_name":"Linxiao Shen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7933-3673"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Linxiao Shen","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Texas, Austin, TX"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Texas, Austin, TX","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009698735","display_name":"Wenda Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1834-646X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenda Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Texas, Austin, TX"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Texas, Austin, TX","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051423351","display_name":"Xiangxing Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8712-2884"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiangxing Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Texas, Austin, TX"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Texas, Austin, TX","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043621598","display_name":"Randall P. Williams","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2164-0376"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Randy Williams","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Texas, Austin, TX"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Texas, Austin, TX","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100383758","display_name":"Jiaxin Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9204-3988"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiaxin Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074328280","display_name":"Zhichao Tan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4097-5123"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I117023288","display_name":"Analog Devices (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01545pm61","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I117023288"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhichao Tan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Analog Devices, Boston, MA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Analog Devices, Boston, MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I117023288"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085364400","display_name":"Neal A. Hall","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5237-8927"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Neal Hall","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Texas, Austin, TX"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Texas, Austin, TX","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070329670","display_name":"Nan Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5536-8385"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nan Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Texas, Austin, TX"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Texas, Austin, TX","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":10,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5066653944"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.5371,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":24,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9338663,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12564","display_name":"Sensor Technology and Measurement Systems","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12564","display_name":"Sensor Technology and Measurement Systems","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11472","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry and Sensors","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1502","display_name":"Bioengineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12692","display_name":"Magnetic Field Sensors Techniques","score":0.9950000047683716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/capacitor","display_name":"Capacitor","score":0.6387115716934204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/capacitive-sensing","display_name":"Capacitive sensing","score":0.5863942503929138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5677671432495117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/capacitance","display_name":"Capacitance","score":0.5602843761444092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.5163968205451965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/comparator","display_name":"Comparator","score":0.47168758511543274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.44038817286491394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.4227822721004486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.32640814781188965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2578132748603821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.128800630569458}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52192207","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5322","display_name":"Capacitor","level":3,"score":0.6387115716934204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206755178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1131271","display_name":"Capacitive sensing","level":2,"score":0.5863942503929138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5677671432495117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30066665","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q164399","display_name":"Capacitance","level":3,"score":0.5602843761444092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.5163968205451965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155745195","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1164179","display_name":"Comparator","level":3,"score":0.47168758511543274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.44038817286491394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4227822721004486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.32640814781188965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2578132748603821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.128800630569458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17525397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176140","display_name":"Electrode","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/isscc.2019.8662359","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isscc.2019.8662359","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE International Solid- State Circuits Conference - (ISSCC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9100000262260437,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2059206669","https://openalex.org/W2084822044","https://openalex.org/W2143035009","https://openalex.org/W2524022976","https://openalex.org/W2537607257","https://openalex.org/W2608117326","https://openalex.org/W6671878047","https://openalex.org/W6681129217"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2348740411","https://openalex.org/W2051563071","https://openalex.org/W1966596465","https://openalex.org/W2337947459","https://openalex.org/W4386858602","https://openalex.org/W2120716300","https://openalex.org/W2118205267","https://openalex.org/W2505169246","https://openalex.org/W3212531278","https://openalex.org/W2099626417"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Capacitive":[0],"sensors":[1,24],"are":[2,21],"widely":[3],"used":[4],"to":[5,39,48,90,160],"measure":[6],"various":[7],"physical":[8],"quantities,":[9],"including":[10],"pressure,":[11],"humidity":[12],"[1],":[13],"and":[14,41,82,139,148],"displacement":[15],"[2].":[16],"Ultra-low-power":[17],"capacitance-to-digital":[18],"converters":[19],"(CDCs)":[20],"required":[22],"for":[23,43,75,152],"with":[25,102],"limited":[26,112],"battery":[27],"capacity":[28],"or":[29,58],"powered":[30],"by":[31,113,126],"energy":[32,108],"harvesters.":[33],"A":[34],"SAR":[35],"CDC":[36,71,96,119],"is":[37,73,110],"simple":[38],"design":[40,146],"well-suited":[42],"low-to-medium":[44],"resolution":[45,101],"applications.":[46],"However,":[47],"reach":[49],"high":[50,91,100],"resolution,":[51],"it":[52,79,150],"requires":[53,80,140],"a":[54],"low-noise":[55],"comparator":[56],"[3]":[57],"OTA-based":[59],"active":[60],"charge":[61],"transfer":[62],"[4],":[63],"resulting":[64],"in":[65,97,120,155],"degraded":[66],"power":[67,92,124],"efficiency.":[68],"The":[69,94,116],"\u0394\u03a3":[70],"[1]":[72],"suitable":[74],"high-resolution":[76],"applications,":[77],"but":[78,106],"OTAs":[81],"repeated":[83],"charging":[84],"of":[85],"the":[86,128,131,145,161],"sensing":[87],"capacitor,":[88],"leading":[89],"consumption.":[93],"Zoom":[95],"[5]":[98],"achieves":[99,122],"only":[103],"one-time":[104],"charging,":[105],"its":[107],"efficiency":[109],"still":[111],"power-hungry":[114],"OTAs.":[115],"open-loop":[117],"SAR-VCO":[118],"[6]":[121],"low":[123],"consumption":[125],"eliminating":[127],"OTA;":[129],"however,":[130],"VCO":[132],"gain":[133,137],"variation":[134],"causes":[135],"inter-stage":[136],"error":[138],"background":[141],"calibration,":[142],"which":[143],"increases":[144],"complexity":[147],"makes":[149],"unsuitable":[151],"single-shot":[153],"measurement":[154],"sensor":[156],"node":[157],"applications":[158],"due":[159],"long":[162],"convergence":[163],"time.":[164]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}