{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2025706986","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isscc.2015.7063003","title":"12.2 A1.8V 30-to-70MHz 87% peak-efficiency 0.32mm&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; 4-phase time-based buck converter consuming 3&amp;#x03BC;A/MHz quiescent current in 65nm CMOS","display_name":"12.2 A1.8V 30-to-70MHz 87% peak-efficiency 0.32mm&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; 4-phase time-based buck converter consuming 3&amp;#x03BC;A/MHz quiescent current in 65nm CMOS","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2025706986","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isscc.2015.7063003","mag":"2025706986"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/isscc.2015.7063003","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isscc.2015.7063003","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference - (ISSCC) Digest of Technical Papers","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034461792","display_name":"Seong Joong Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2359-7172"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801919071","display_name":"University of Illinois System","ror":"https://ror.org/05e94g991","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801919071"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seong Joong Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Illinois, Urbana, IL","[University of Illinois, Urbana, IL]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois, Urbana, IL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801919071"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[University of Illinois, Urbana, IL]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014466863","display_name":"Romesh Kumar Nandwana","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0339-5792"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801919071","display_name":"University of Illinois System","ror":"https://ror.org/05e94g991","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801919071"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Romesh Kumar Nandwana","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Illinois, Urbana, IL","[University of Illinois, Urbana, IL]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois, Urbana, IL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801919071"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[University of Illinois, Urbana, IL]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029411186","display_name":"Qadeer Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9600-9031"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19268510","display_name":"Qualcomm (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/04d3djg48","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19268510","https://openalex.org/I4210087596"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qadeer Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Oualcomm, San Diego, CA","QualComm, San Diego, CA#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oualcomm, San Diego, CA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"QualComm, San Diego, CA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19268510"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043348919","display_name":"Robert C. N. Pilawa-Podgurski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5360-5906"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801919071","display_name":"University of Illinois System","ror":"https://ror.org/05e94g991","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801919071"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert Pilawa-Podgurski","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Illinois, Urbana, IL","[University of Illinois, Urbana, IL]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois, Urbana, IL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801919071"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[University of Illinois, Urbana, IL]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036789252","display_name":"Pavan Kumar Hanumolu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6233-8934"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801919071","display_name":"University of Illinois System","ror":"https://ror.org/05e94g991","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801919071"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pavan Kumar Hanumolu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Illinois, Urbana, IL","[University of Illinois, Urbana, IL]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois, Urbana, IL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801919071"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[University of Illinois, Urbana, IL]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.7976,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83133801,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"3"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10175","display_name":"Advanced DC-DC Converters","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.674685001373291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase","display_name":"Phase (matter)","score":0.5523071885108948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/current","display_name":"Current (fluid)","score":0.5431801676750183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.4054298996925354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.3697839081287384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.33894628286361694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.31546056270599365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.12745022773742676}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.674685001373291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44280652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104837","display_name":"Phase (matter)","level":2,"score":0.5523071885108948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148043351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4456944","display_name":"Current (fluid)","level":2,"score":0.5431801676750183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.4054298996925354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3697839081287384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.33894628286361694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.31546056270599365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.12745022773742676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/isscc.2015.7063003","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isscc.2015.7063003","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference - (ISSCC) Digest of Technical Papers","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.5699999928474426,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":5,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2033467529","https://openalex.org/W2098391626","https://openalex.org/W2132541442","https://openalex.org/W2178488007","https://openalex.org/W2180360041"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W1967424901","https://openalex.org/W2035247013","https://openalex.org/W1980849752","https://openalex.org/W2553864443","https://openalex.org/W2800509190","https://openalex.org/W1554277954","https://openalex.org/W2139774918","https://openalex.org/W1982930258"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Multi-phase":[0],"switching":[1,102],"DC-DC":[2],"converters":[3,75,183],"offer":[4],"many":[5,109],"advantages":[6],"in":[7,81,101,108,212],"terms":[8],"of":[9,26,53,63,124,215],"high":[10,19],"output":[11,31,93],"power,":[12],"low":[13],"ripple,":[14,94],"fast":[15],"load":[16,27],"transient":[17,195],"response,":[18,196],"efficiency":[20],"across":[21],"a":[22,138],"very":[23],"wide":[24,99],"range":[25],"currents,":[28],"and":[29,44,76,98,122,151,160,197],"alleviated":[30],"filter":[32],"requirements.":[33,219],"However,":[34,86],"the":[35,61,69,82],"need":[36],"for":[37,143],"complex":[38],"controllers":[39],"that":[40,155],"ensure":[41],"accurate":[42],"regulation":[43],"uniform":[45],"current":[46,115,120,177,201],"sharing":[47],"between":[48],"phases":[49],"along":[50],"with":[51],"generation":[52,123],"multiple":[54,125,149],"matched":[55,152,170],"pulse-width":[56],"modulated":[57],"(PWM)":[58],"signals":[59,128,173],"complicate":[60],"design":[62],"multi-phase":[64,74,171],"converters.":[65],"Hysteretic":[66],"control":[67],"offers":[68],"simplest":[70],"means":[71],"to":[72,91,117,188,210],"implement":[73,118],"has":[77],"been":[78],"widely":[79],"used":[80],"prior":[83],"art":[84],"[1].":[85,133],"its":[87],"nonlinear":[88],"behavior":[89],"leads":[90],"large":[92,158,185],"unpredictable":[95],"loop":[96],"dynamics,":[97],"variation":[100],"frequency":[103],"(Fsw),":[104],"which":[105],"are":[106],"undesirable":[107],"noise-sensitive":[110],"applications.":[111],"Furthermore,":[112],"they":[113],"require":[114],"sensors":[116],"active":[119],"sharing,":[121,178],"synchronized":[126,150],"PWM":[127,165,172],"requires":[129,148],"power":[130,161],"hungry":[131],"circuits":[132],"A":[134,163],"voltage-mode":[135],"controller":[136],"using":[137],"type-Ill":[139],"compensator":[140],"is":[141],"well-suited":[142],"low-noise":[144],"applications":[145],"but":[146,179],"it":[147],"ramp":[153],"generators":[154],"also":[156],"incur":[157],"area":[159],"penalty.":[162],"digital":[164],"generator":[166],"can":[167],"provide":[168],"accurately":[169],"thereby":[174],"enabling":[175],"passive":[176],"digitally":[180],"controlled":[181],"buck":[182],"exhibit":[184],"ripple":[186],"due":[187],"their":[189],"limit":[190],"cycle":[191],"behavior,":[192],"have":[193],"poor":[194],"consume":[198],"significant":[199],"quiescent":[200],"[2][3].":[202],"All":[203],"these":[204],"issues":[205],"become":[206],"even":[207],"more":[208,216],"challenging":[209],"address":[211],"high-Fswconverters":[213],"because":[214],"stringent":[217],"loop-delay":[218]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
