{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2009831585","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isscc.2015.7062952","title":"6.3 A 45.5μW 15fps always-on CMOS image sensor for mobile and wearable devices","display_name":"6.3 A 45.5μW 15fps always-on CMOS image sensor for mobile and wearable devices","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2009831585","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isscc.2015.7062952","mag":"2009831585"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/isscc.2015.7062952","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isscc.2015.7062952","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference - (ISSCC) Digest of Technical Papers","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091341639","display_name":"Jaehyuk Choi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4700-1900"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250650973","display_name":"Samsung (South Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/04w3jy968","country_code":"KR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jaehyuk Choi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Suwon, Korea","Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology , Suwon, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Suwon, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology , Suwon, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023593275","display_name":"Jungsoon Shin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250650973","display_name":"Samsung (South Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/04w3jy968","country_code":"KR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jungsoon Shin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Suwon, Korea","Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology , Suwon, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Suwon, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology , Suwon, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044595934","display_name":"Dongwu Kang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250650973","display_name":"Samsung (South Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/04w3jy968","country_code":"KR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dongwu Kang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Suwon, Korea","Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology , Suwon, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Suwon, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology , Suwon, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109944336","display_name":"Du\u2010Sik Park","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250650973","display_name":"Samsung (South Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/04w3jy968","country_code":"KR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Du-Sik Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Suwon, Korea","Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology , Suwon, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Suwon, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology , Suwon, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8235,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.66708676,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"3"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11992","display_name":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11992","display_name":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13114","display_name":"Image Processing Techniques and Applications","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-sensor","display_name":"Image sensor","score":0.6524196267127991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6472781896591187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-device","display_name":"Mobile device","score":0.5719494223594666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wearable-computer","display_name":"Wearable computer","score":0.5539815425872803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.44258663058280945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.4398871660232544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wearable-technology","display_name":"Wearable technology","score":0.4208031892776489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos-sensor","display_name":"CMOS sensor","score":0.41327089071273804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.3888378441333771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.3715672194957733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.33987873792648315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.3098129630088806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.27163833379745483}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76935873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q209121","display_name":"Image sensor","level":2,"score":0.6524196267127991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6472781896591187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186967261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5082128","display_name":"Mobile device","level":2,"score":0.5719494223594666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150594956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1334829","display_name":"Wearable computer","level":2,"score":0.5539815425872803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.44258663058280945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.4398871660232544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54290928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4845080","display_name":"Wearable technology","level":3,"score":0.4208031892776489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155512908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210745","display_name":"CMOS sensor","level":3,"score":0.41327089071273804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.3888378441333771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.3715672194957733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.33987873792648315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3098129630088806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.27163833379745483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/isscc.2015.7062952","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isscc.2015.7062952","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference - (ISSCC) Digest of Technical Papers","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8899999856948853,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":4,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1991381052","https://openalex.org/W2042134377","https://openalex.org/W2050472054","https://openalex.org/W2076496703"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3090300519","https://openalex.org/W2514492205","https://openalex.org/W4250401876","https://openalex.org/W2943851981","https://openalex.org/W2566526749","https://openalex.org/W2907667791","https://openalex.org/W3047461507","https://openalex.org/W3126390843","https://openalex.org/W4245880644","https://openalex.org/W2481123202"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Most":[0],"mobile":[1,103],"devices":[2,104],"embed":[3],"a":[4,14,37,71,74,100,140],"CMOS":[5],"image":[6,143],"sensor":[7],"(CIS)":[8],"for":[9,28,90,119,153,168,181],"capturing":[10,154],"images.":[11,156],"In":[12,46],"addition,":[13],"variety":[15,75],"of":[16,33,76,93,99,174,177],"sensors":[17,25,35,172],"such":[18,81],"as":[19,82,170],"proximity,":[20],"ambient":[21],"light,":[22],"and":[23,44,65,79,87,114],"fingerprint":[24],"are":[26,166],"integrated":[27],"device":[29,38,182],"control.":[30],"The":[31],"integration":[32],"multiple":[34,49],"in":[36,102,139],"requires":[39],"significant":[40],"power":[41,109,137],"consumption,":[42],"area,":[43],"cost.":[45],"contrast":[47],"to":[48,125,146],"sensors,":[50],"an":[51],"always-on":[52,120],"CIS":[53,72,101,141],"enables":[54],"advanced":[55],"smart":[56],"sensing,":[57,60],"including":[58],"gesture":[59],"face":[61],"recognition,":[62],"eye":[63],"tracking,":[64],"so":[66],"on.":[67],"Smart":[68],"sensing":[69,121],"using":[70],"offers":[73],"user":[77],"interfaces":[78],"experiences":[80],"touch-less":[83],"control,":[84],"authentication,":[85],"gaming,":[86],"object":[88],"recognition":[89],"the":[91,128,133,175],"Internet":[92],"Things":[94],"(IOT).":[95],"A":[96],"major":[97],"drawback":[98],"is":[105,116,123,150],"that":[106,122],"it":[107],"consumes":[108],"greater":[110],"than":[111],"50mW":[112],"[1],":[113],"this":[115],"not":[117,151],"feasible":[118],"required":[124],"function":[126],"with":[127],"limited":[129],"energy":[130],"available":[131],"from":[132],"device's":[134],"battery.":[135],"Moreover,":[136],"reduction":[138],"causes":[142],"degradation":[144],"owing":[145],"reduced":[147],"SNR,":[148],"which":[149],"acceptable":[152],"high-quality":[155],"Many":[157],"low-power":[158],"CISs":[159],"have":[160],"been":[161],"reported":[162],"[2-3].":[163],"However,":[164],"they":[165],"inadequate":[167],"use":[169],"high-resolution":[171],"because":[173],"requirement":[176],"additional":[178],"in-pixel":[179],"circuits":[180],"operation":[183],"at":[184],"low":[185],"supply":[186],"voltages.":[187]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}