{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1994297984","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isscc.2014.6757425","title":"14.6 A scalable THz 2D phased array with +17dBm of EIRP at 338GHz in 65nm bulk CMOS","display_name":"14.6 A scalable THz 2D phased array with +17dBm of EIRP at 338GHz in 65nm bulk CMOS","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1994297984","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isscc.2014.6757425","mag":"1994297984"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/isscc.2014.6757425","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isscc.2014.6757425","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference Digest of Technical Papers (ISSCC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059043955","display_name":"Yahya Tousi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7857-355X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yahya Tousi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cornell University, Ithaca, NY","Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cornell University, Ithaca, NY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016591325","display_name":"Ehsan Afshari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4528-1788"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ehsan Afshari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cornell University, Ithaca, NY","Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cornell University, Ithaca, NY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5059043955"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.2797,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":72,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96928215,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"258","last_page":"259"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10262","display_name":"Microwave Engineering and Waveguides","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11803","display_name":"Superconducting and THz Device Technology","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phased-array","display_name":"Phased array","score":0.6316539645195007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.6178581118583679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.585453450679779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coupling","display_name":"Coupling (piping)","score":0.5557147264480591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.5501101016998291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.5033759474754333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.4797612130641937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.43008118867874146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.35298094153404236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.3524252772331238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.2922941744327545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.26269662380218506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.25894057750701904}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55494473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727898","display_name":"Phased array","level":3,"score":0.6316539645195007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.6178581118583679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.585453450679779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131584629","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4308705","display_name":"Coupling (piping)","level":2,"score":0.5557147264480591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.5501101016998291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.5033759474754333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.4797612130641937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.43008118867874146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.35298094153404236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3524252772331238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.2922941744327545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.26269662380218506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.25894057750701904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/isscc.2014.6757425","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isscc.2014.6757425","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference Digest of Technical Papers (ISSCC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8799999952316284,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2019710422","https://openalex.org/W2050156220","https://openalex.org/W2070133547","https://openalex.org/W2179775179","https://openalex.org/W6655364730","https://openalex.org/W6987584416"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4306152236","https://openalex.org/W3014521742","https://openalex.org/W2979111876","https://openalex.org/W2099634618","https://openalex.org/W2143818732","https://openalex.org/W1969639234","https://openalex.org/W2617868873","https://openalex.org/W3204141294","https://openalex.org/W2389214306","https://openalex.org/W4386230336"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"traditional":[1],"phased":[2],"arrays":[3],"as":[4],"the":[5,12,75,135,159,174,196,207,212,216],"number":[6],"of":[7,14,51,78,82,150,194,206],"rows":[8],"and":[9,17,32,42,70,112,120,138,165,178],"columns":[10],"increases,":[11],"complexity":[13],"array":[15,81],"connections":[16],"phase":[18,117,171],"shifters":[19],"becomes":[20],"a":[21,62,79,92,162,169,191],"major":[22],"obstacle.":[23],"This":[24,123],"challenge":[25],"is":[26,101,125,140,153],"even":[27],"more":[28],"detrimental":[29],"at":[30],"mm-Wave":[31],"THz":[33,67,94],"frequencies":[34],"where":[35],"conductive":[36],"loss,":[37],"undesired":[38],"couplings,":[39],"phase/gain":[40],"mismatch,":[41],"high":[43],"power":[44],"consumption":[45],"are":[46,200],"among":[47],"many":[48],"adverse":[49],"effects":[50],"such":[52],"lengthy":[53],"connections.":[54],"To":[55],"address":[56],"this":[57,59,151,186],"issue,":[58],"work":[60],"presents":[61],"novel":[63],"scalable":[64,127],"system":[65,213],"for":[66],"signal":[68],"generation":[69],"radiation.":[71],"Figure":[72],"14.6.1":[73],"shows":[74],"architecture":[76],"consisting":[77],"2-D":[80],"coupled":[83],"oscillating":[84],"elements.":[85],"Each":[86],"oscillator":[87],"with":[88,134],"its":[89,106],"antenna":[90],"forms":[91],"small":[93,192],"radiator.":[95],"While":[96],"independently":[97],"radiating,":[98],"each":[99],"element":[100],"also":[102],"unidirectionally":[103],"connected":[104],"to":[105,145,156,161,167],"neighboring":[107],"elements":[108,176],"in":[109],"both":[110],"horizontal":[111],"vertical":[113],"directions":[114],"through":[115],"variable":[116],"shifters,":[118],"\u03c8row":[119],"\u03c8col,":[121],"respectively.":[122],"network":[124],"inherently":[126],"because":[128],"it":[129],"only":[130,190],"relies":[131],"on":[132],"couplings":[133,208],"nearest":[136],"neighbors":[137],"there":[139],"no":[141],"high-frequency":[142],"global":[143],"routing":[144],"any":[146],"oscillator.":[147],"The":[148],"purpose":[149],"topology":[152],"twofold:":[154],"first":[155],"synchronize":[157],"all":[158,195],"oscillators":[160],"single":[163],"frequency":[164],"next,":[166],"set":[168],"desired":[170,217],"shift":[172],"between":[173],"adjacent":[175],"(\u0394\u03c6row":[177],"\u0394\u03c6col).":[179],"We":[180],"can":[181,210],"show":[182],"that":[183],"by":[184],"employing":[185],"particular":[187],"coupling":[188,198,218],"structure":[189],"subset":[193],"theoretical":[197],"modes":[199],"physically":[201],"stable.":[202],"By":[203],"proper":[204],"control":[205],"one":[209],"ensure":[211],"settles":[214],"into":[215],"mode":[219],"[1].":[220]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}