{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2156342146","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isscc.2009.4977531","title":"F3: GIRAFE: 4G RF frontends","display_name":"F3: GIRAFE: 4G RF frontends","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2156342146","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isscc.2009.4977531","mag":"2156342146"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/isscc.2009.4977531","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isscc.2009.4977531","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference - Digest of Technical Papers","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039003474","display_name":"Stefan Heinen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7568-8116"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887968799","display_name":"RWTH Aachen University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xfq0f34","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Stefan Heinen","raw_affiliation_strings":["RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5039003474"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.21911454,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"506","last_page":"506"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13905","display_name":"Telecommunications and Broadcasting Technologies","score":0.940500020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13905","display_name":"Telecommunications and Broadcasting Technologies","score":0.940500020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wimax","display_name":"WiMAX","score":0.7246427536010742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gsm","display_name":"GSM","score":0.6876715421676636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6797110438346863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enhanced-data-rates-for-gsm-evolution","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","score":0.5952526926994324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orthogonal-frequency-division-multiplexing","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing","score":0.5519673824310303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transceiver","display_name":"Transceiver","score":0.5494356751441956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.5419235825538635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-telephony","display_name":"Mobile telephony","score":0.5126408934593201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-broadband","display_name":"Mobile broadband","score":0.48759594559669495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.4836893677711487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cellular-network","display_name":"Cellular network","score":0.47228509187698364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.4507914185523987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cellular-radio","display_name":"Cellular radio","score":0.43478095531463623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/user-equipment","display_name":"User equipment","score":0.4211542308330536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4209740459918976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-architecture","display_name":"Computer architecture","score":0.36013978719711304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-radio","display_name":"Mobile radio","score":0.33191123604774475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.2746446132659912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2292965054512024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.15635254979133606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.09972602128982544}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113950482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133973","display_name":"WiMAX","level":3,"score":0.7246427536010742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59201141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46904","display_name":"GSM","level":2,"score":0.6876715421676636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6797110438346863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.5952526926994324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40409654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q375889","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing","level":3,"score":0.5519673824310303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7720470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q954187","display_name":"Transceiver","level":3,"score":0.5494356751441956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.5419235825538635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95491727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q992968","display_name":"Mobile telephony","level":3,"score":0.5126408934593201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78834623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q640394","display_name":"Mobile broadband","level":3,"score":0.48759594559669495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.4836893677711487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153646914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535695","display_name":"Cellular network","level":2,"score":0.47228509187698364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.4507914185523987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986910011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17517","display_name":"Cellular radio","level":3,"score":0.43478095531463623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781327853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3552547","display_name":"User equipment","level":3,"score":0.4211542308330536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4209740459918976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118524514","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173212","display_name":"Computer architecture","level":1,"score":0.36013978719711304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781307350","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6887221","display_name":"Mobile radio","level":2,"score":0.33191123604774475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.2746446132659912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2292965054512024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.15635254979133606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.09972602128982544}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/isscc.2009.4977531","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isscc.2009.4977531","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference - Digest of Technical Papers","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2020127580","https://openalex.org/W2185115239","https://openalex.org/W1023829778","https://openalex.org/W2099833804","https://openalex.org/W2181934958","https://openalex.org/W4253313997","https://openalex.org/W2134623306","https://openalex.org/W2006364906","https://openalex.org/W2486551362","https://openalex.org/W2410000325"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Digital":[0],"cellular":[1,55],"standards":[2,71],"have":[3],"emerged":[4],"over":[5],"the":[6,37,50,81,86,90],"last":[7],"20":[8],"years.":[9],"Today,":[10],"2G":[11,73],"systems":[12,58],"like":[13,59],"GSM/EDGE":[14],"are":[15],"providing":[16],"worldwide":[17],"coverage":[18],"for":[19,28,31,54],"voice":[20],"and":[21,61],"basic":[22],"data":[23,33],"services.":[24],"The":[25,43,63],"increasing":[26],"demand":[27],"true-mobile":[29],"users":[30],"high-speed":[32],"services":[34],"has":[35,95],"forced":[36],"development":[38],"of":[39,52,92],"3G":[40],"toward":[41],"HSPA.":[42],"next":[44],"step":[45],"in":[46,57,77],"this":[47],"evolution":[48],"is":[49],"adoption":[51],"OFDM":[53],"application":[56],"WiMAX":[60],"LTE.":[62],"user":[64],"equipment":[65],"should":[66],"be":[67],"compatible":[68],"to":[69,75,79,85,96],"all":[70],"from":[72],"up":[74],"4G":[76],"order":[78],"provide":[80],"best":[82],"possible":[83],"experience":[84],"end":[87],"user.":[88],"Therefore,":[89],"integration":[91],"RF":[93],"transceivers":[94],"cope":[97],"with":[98],"multiple":[99,102],"frequency":[100],"bands,":[101],"modulation":[103],"schemes":[104],"as":[105,107],"well":[106],"MIMO":[108],"techniques.":[109]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
