{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1964634575","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isscc.2009.4977296","title":"A 4-side tileable back illuminated 3D-integrated Mpixel CMOS image sensor","display_name":"A 4-side tileable back illuminated 3D-integrated Mpixel CMOS image sensor","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1964634575","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isscc.2009.4977296","mag":"1964634575"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/isscc.2009.4977296","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isscc.2009.4977296","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference - Digest of Technical Papers","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078699037","display_name":"Vyshnavi Suntharalingam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2904-2357"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210122954","display_name":"MIT Lincoln Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/022z6jk58","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954","https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"V. Suntharalingam","raw_affiliation_strings":["MIT Lincoln Laboratories, Lexington, MA, USA","MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Lexington, MA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIT Lincoln Laboratories, Lexington, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Lexington, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113519305","display_name":"R. Berger","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210122954","display_name":"MIT Lincoln Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/022z6jk58","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954","https://openalex.org/I63966007"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210118701","display_name":"Irvine Sensors (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02r2nj961","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210118701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Berger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Irvine Sensors, Costa Mesa, CA, USA","MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Lexington, MA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Irvine Sensors, Costa Mesa, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210118701"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Lexington, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013764412","display_name":"Sheila Clark","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210118701","display_name":"Irvine Sensors (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02r2nj961","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210118701"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210122954","display_name":"MIT Lincoln Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/022z6jk58","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954","https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Clark","raw_affiliation_strings":["MIT Lincoln Laboratories, Lexington, MA, USA","Irvine Sensors, Costa Mesa, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIT Lincoln Laboratories, Lexington, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Irvine Sensors, Costa Mesa, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210118701"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111985746","display_name":"J.M. Knecht","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5695-195X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210122954","display_name":"MIT Lincoln Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/022z6jk58","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954","https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Knecht","raw_affiliation_strings":["MIT Lincoln Laboratories, Lexington, MA, USA","MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Lexington, MA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIT Lincoln Laboratories, Lexington, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Lexington, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000187766","display_name":"Andrew Messier","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210122954","display_name":"MIT Lincoln Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/022z6jk58","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954","https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Messier","raw_affiliation_strings":["MIT Lincoln Laboratories, Lexington, MA, USA","MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Lexington, MA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIT Lincoln Laboratories, Lexington, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Lexington, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036249824","display_name":"K. Newcomb","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210122954","display_name":"MIT Lincoln Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/022z6jk58","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954","https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. Newcomb","raw_affiliation_strings":["MIT Lincoln Laboratories, Lexington, MA, USA","MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Lexington, MA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIT Lincoln Laboratories, Lexington, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Lexington, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108542049","display_name":"D.D. Rathman","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210122954","display_name":"MIT Lincoln Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/022z6jk58","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954","https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. Rathman","raw_affiliation_strings":["MIT Lincoln Laboratories, Lexington, MA, USA","MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Lexington, MA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIT Lincoln Laboratories, Lexington, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Lexington, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043473221","display_name":"R. Slattery","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210122954","display_name":"MIT Lincoln Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/022z6jk58","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954","https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Slattery","raw_affiliation_strings":["MIT Lincoln Laboratories, Lexington, MA, USA","MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Lexington, MA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIT Lincoln Laboratories, Lexington, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Lexington, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113678086","display_name":"A.M. Soares","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210122954","display_name":"MIT Lincoln Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/022z6jk58","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954","https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Soares","raw_affiliation_strings":["MIT Lincoln Laboratories, Lexington, MA, USA","MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Lexington, MA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIT Lincoln Laboratories, Lexington, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Lexington, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083138111","display_name":"Charles S. Stevenson","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210122954","display_name":"MIT Lincoln Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/022z6jk58","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954","https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. Stevenson","raw_affiliation_strings":["MIT Lincoln Laboratories, Lexington, MA, USA","MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Lexington, MA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIT Lincoln Laboratories, Lexington, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Lexington, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021998865","display_name":"K. Warner","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210122954","display_name":"MIT Lincoln Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/022z6jk58","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954","https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. Warner","raw_affiliation_strings":["MIT Lincoln Laboratories, Lexington, MA, USA","MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Lexington, MA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIT Lincoln Laboratories, Lexington, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Lexington, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111946614","display_name":"Douglas Young","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210122954","display_name":"MIT Lincoln Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/022z6jk58","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954","https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. Young","raw_affiliation_strings":["MIT Lincoln Laboratories, Lexington, MA, USA","MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Lexington, MA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIT Lincoln Laboratories, Lexington, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Lexington, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015610020","display_name":"Lin Ping Ang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93085520","display_name":"Silicon Labs (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02dyqfb80","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93085520"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lin Ping Ang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Forza Silicon, Pasadena, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Forza Silicon, Pasadena, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93085520"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054952153","display_name":"B. Mansoorian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1335-135X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93085520","display_name":"Silicon Labs (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02dyqfb80","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93085520"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B. Mansoorian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Forza Silicon, Pasadena, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Forza Silicon, Pasadena, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93085520"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077248419","display_name":"David C. Shaver","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210122954","display_name":"MIT Lincoln Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/022z6jk58","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954","https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. Shaver","raw_affiliation_strings":["MIT Lincoln Laboratories, Lexington, MA, USA","MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Lexington, MA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIT Lincoln Laboratories, Lexington, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Lexington, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":15,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5078699037"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.6824,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":44,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96059579,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"38","last_page":"39,39a"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11992","display_name":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11992","display_name":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10623","display_name":"Thin-Film Transistor Technologies","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-sensor","display_name":"Image sensor","score":0.731652021408081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.7180270552635193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dot-pitch","display_name":"Dot pitch","score":0.5965719819068909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5844645500183105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos-sensor","display_name":"CMOS sensor","score":0.5692440271377563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.4751962423324585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chip","display_name":"Chip","score":0.45333418250083923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.4450588822364807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.4264083504676819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.37249940633773804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3028254210948944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2756890654563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.13757869601249695}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76935873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q209121","display_name":"Image sensor","level":2,"score":0.731652021408081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.7180270552635193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179813606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2032861","display_name":"Dot pitch","level":3,"score":0.5965719819068909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5844645500183105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155512908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210745","display_name":"CMOS sensor","level":3,"score":0.5692440271377563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.4751962423324585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165005293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074500","display_name":"Chip","level":2,"score":0.45333418250083923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.4450588822364807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.4264083504676819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.37249940633773804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3028254210948944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2756890654563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.13757869601249695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/isscc.2009.4977296","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isscc.2009.4977296","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference - Digest of Technical Papers","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life below water","score":0.5199999809265137,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332467","display_name":"U.S. Air Force","ror":"https://ror.org/006gmme17"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1980991475","https://openalex.org/W1994446723","https://openalex.org/W2052896355","https://openalex.org/W2139155713","https://openalex.org/W2155050550","https://openalex.org/W6645346172"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2099015120","https://openalex.org/W2067718833","https://openalex.org/W1530906264","https://openalex.org/W2106574814","https://openalex.org/W2043303332","https://openalex.org/W2177854375","https://openalex.org/W2542650308","https://openalex.org/W2139451537","https://openalex.org/W1968770396","https://openalex.org/W578148672"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,199,260],"dominant":[1],"trend":[2],"with":[3,68,193],"conventional":[4,203],"image":[5,28,103,116,157,191,235],"sensors":[6,29,104,158],"is":[7,61,87,92,126],"toward":[8],"scaled-down":[9],"pixel":[10,43,124,204,258],"sizes":[11],"to":[12,34,63,94,108,131,178,213,256],"increase":[13],"spatial":[14],"resolution":[15],"and":[16,20,37,40,56,89,91,122,152,168,206,218,247,262,269],"decrease":[17],"chip":[18,200,245],"size":[19],"cost.":[21],"While":[22],"highly":[23],"capable":[24],"chips,":[25],"these":[26,99,143],"monolithic":[27],"devote":[30],"substantial":[31],"perimeter":[32,211,255],"area":[33],"signal":[35],"acquisition":[36],"control":[38],"circuitry":[39,217],"trade":[41],"off":[42],"complexity":[44],"for":[45,98,142],"fill":[46],"factor.":[47],"For":[48],"applications":[49,100],"such":[50],"as":[51],"wide-area":[52],"persistent":[53],"surveillance,":[54],"reconnaissance,":[55],"astronomical":[57],"sky":[58],"surveys":[59],"it":[60],"desirable":[62],"have":[64,139],"simultaneous":[65],"near-real-time":[66],"imagery":[67],"fast,":[69],"wide":[70],"field-of-view":[71],"coverage.":[72],"Since":[73],"the":[74,95,114,123,129,184,215,220,257],"fabrication":[75],"of":[76,85,134,148,210,253],"a":[77,82,202,230,240,250],"complex":[78],"large-format":[79],"sensor":[80,117,192,236],"on":[81],"single":[83],"piece":[84],"silicon":[86,212,254],"cost":[88],"yield-prohibitive":[90],"limited":[93],"wafer":[96],"size,":[97],"many":[101],"smaller-sized":[102],"are":[105,174],"tiled":[106,115],"together":[107],"realize":[109],"very":[110],"large":[111,144],"arrays.":[112,180],"Ideally":[113],"has":[118],"no":[119],"missing":[120],"pixels":[121,252],"pitch":[125],"continuous":[127],"across":[128],"seam":[130],"minimize":[132],"loss":[133],"information":[135],"content.":[136],"CCD-based":[137],"imagers":[138],"been":[140],"favored":[141],"mosaic":[145],"arrays":[146],"because":[147],"their":[149],"low":[150],"noise":[151],"high":[153],"sensitivity,":[154],"but":[155],"CMOS-based":[156],"bring":[159],"architectural":[160],"benefits,":[161],"including":[162],"electronic":[163],"shutters,":[164],"enhanced":[165],"radiation":[166],"tolerance,":[167],"higher":[169],"data-rate":[170],"digital":[171],"outputs":[172],"that":[173,238],"more":[175],"easily":[176],"scalable":[177],"larger":[179],"In":[181,225],"this":[182,226],"report":[183],"first":[185],"back-illuminated,":[186],"1":[187,232],"Mpixel,":[188],"3D-integrated":[189],"CMOS":[190,234],"8":[194],"mum-pitch":[195],"3D":[196],"via":[197],"connections.":[198],"employs":[201],"layout":[205],"requires":[207,248],"500":[208],"mum":[209],"house":[214],"support":[216,266],"protect":[219],"array":[221],"from":[222],"saw":[223],"damage.":[224],"paper":[227],"we":[228],"present":[229],"back-illuminated":[231],"Mpixel":[233],"tile":[237,261],"includes":[239],"64-channel":[241],"vertically":[242],"integrated":[243],"ADC":[244],"stack,":[246],"only":[249],"few":[251],"array.":[259],"system":[263],"connector":[264],"design":[265],"4-side":[267],"abuttability":[268],"fast":[270],"burst":[271],"data":[272],"rates.":[273]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-01-13T01:12:25.745995","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
