{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4377969820","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isqed57927.2023.10129373","title":"Reverse Engineering Word-Level Models from Look-Up Table Netlists","display_name":"Reverse Engineering Word-Level Models from Look-Up Table Netlists","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-04-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4377969820","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isqed57927.2023.10129373"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/isqed57927.2023.10129373","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isqed57927.2023.10129373","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 24th International Symposium on Quality Electronic Design (ISQED)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065306102","display_name":"Ram Venkat Narayanan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63135867","display_name":"University of Cincinnati","ror":"https://ror.org/01e3m7079","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63135867"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ram Venkat Narayanan","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Cincinnati,Digital Design Environments Lab,ECE Department,Cincinnati,Ohio,USA","ECE Department, Digital Design Environments Lab, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Cincinnati,Digital Design Environments Lab,ECE Department,Cincinnati,Ohio,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63135867"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ECE Department, Digital Design Environments Lab, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63135867"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052530421","display_name":"Aparajithan Nathamuni Venkatesan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63135867","display_name":"University of Cincinnati","ror":"https://ror.org/01e3m7079","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63135867"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aparajithan Nathamuni Venkatesan","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Cincinnati,Digital Design Environments Lab,ECE Department,Cincinnati,Ohio,USA","ECE Department, Digital Design Environments Lab, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Cincinnati,Digital Design Environments Lab,ECE Department,Cincinnati,Ohio,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63135867"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ECE Department, Digital Design Environments Lab, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63135867"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056819904","display_name":"Kishore Pula","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63135867","display_name":"University of Cincinnati","ror":"https://ror.org/01e3m7079","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63135867"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kishore Pula","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Cincinnati,Digital Design Environments Lab,ECE Department,Cincinnati,Ohio,USA","ECE Department, Digital Design Environments Lab, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Cincinnati,Digital Design Environments Lab,ECE Department,Cincinnati,Ohio,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63135867"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ECE Department, Digital Design Environments Lab, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63135867"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048929524","display_name":"Sundarakumar Muthukumaran","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63135867","display_name":"University of Cincinnati","ror":"https://ror.org/01e3m7079","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63135867"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sundarakumar Muthukumaran","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Cincinnati,Digital Design Environments Lab,ECE Department,Cincinnati,Ohio,USA","ECE Department, Digital Design Environments Lab, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Cincinnati,Digital Design Environments Lab,ECE Department,Cincinnati,Ohio,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63135867"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ECE Department, Digital Design Environments Lab, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63135867"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040975645","display_name":"Ranga Vemuri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4903-2746"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63135867","display_name":"University of Cincinnati","ror":"https://ror.org/01e3m7079","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63135867"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ranga Vemuri","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Cincinnati,Digital Design Environments Lab,ECE Department,Cincinnati,Ohio,USA","ECE Department, Digital Design Environments Lab, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Cincinnati,Digital Design Environments Lab,ECE Department,Cincinnati,Ohio,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63135867"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ECE Department, Digital Design Environments Lab, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63135867"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63135867"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.6703,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87988904,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10904","display_name":"Embedded Systems Design Techniques","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11032","display_name":"VLSI and Analog Circuit Testing","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/netlist","display_name":"Netlist","score":0.8460012078285217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7968324422836304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lookup-table","display_name":"Lookup table","score":0.6562508940696716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/application-specific-integrated-circuit","display_name":"Application-specific integrated circuit","score":0.6501131057739258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/table","display_name":"Table (database)","score":0.6313093304634094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reverse-engineering","display_name":"Reverse engineering","score":0.6063304543495178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field-programmable-gate-array","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","score":0.5794164538383484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word","display_name":"Word (group theory)","score":0.5654313564300537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-architecture","display_name":"Computer architecture","score":0.41394534707069397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arithmetic","display_name":"Arithmetic","score":0.33136796951293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.3121539354324341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.26019957661628723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.08869519829750061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.07548996806144714}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177650935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1760303","display_name":"Netlist","level":2,"score":0.8460012078285217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7968324422836304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134835016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690265","display_name":"Lookup table","level":2,"score":0.6562508940696716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77390884","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q217302","display_name":"Application-specific integrated circuit","level":2,"score":0.6501131057739258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45235069","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q278425","display_name":"Table (database)","level":2,"score":0.6313093304634094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207850805","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q269608","display_name":"Reverse engineering","level":2,"score":0.6063304543495178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42935608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190411","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","level":2,"score":0.5794164538383484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90805587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10944557","display_name":"Word (group theory)","level":2,"score":0.5654313564300537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118524514","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173212","display_name":"Computer architecture","level":1,"score":0.41394534707069397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.33136796951293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.3121539354324341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.26019957661628723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.08869519829750061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.07548996806144714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/isqed57927.2023.10129373","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isqed57927.2023.10129373","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 24th International Symposium on Quality Electronic Design (ISQED)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5299999713897705,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2005006301","https://openalex.org/W2021705882","https://openalex.org/W2026182761","https://openalex.org/W2050779425","https://openalex.org/W2093154965","https://openalex.org/W2117493063","https://openalex.org/W2123594341","https://openalex.org/W2563888639","https://openalex.org/W2618215639","https://openalex.org/W2919561762","https://openalex.org/W2944583555","https://openalex.org/W2989672901","https://openalex.org/W3037353294","https://openalex.org/W3100684046","https://openalex.org/W3179822130"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2145339442","https://openalex.org/W2914909768","https://openalex.org/W1839547246","https://openalex.org/W2148856073","https://openalex.org/W2103228767","https://openalex.org/W4377969820","https://openalex.org/W3009852985","https://openalex.org/W2082768141","https://openalex.org/W2138475017","https://openalex.org/W4323565760"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Reverse":[0],"engineering":[1,93],"of":[2,17,34,94,105,114,123],"FPGA":[3,37],"designs":[4,96],"from":[5,97],"bitstreams":[6],"to":[7,43,61,65,75,89,112,120],"RTL":[8],"models":[9],"aids":[10],"in":[11,32,36,51,72,91,117],"understanding":[12],"the":[13,18,108,115,118],"high":[14],"level":[15,55],"functionality":[16],"design":[19],"and":[20,23,69,80],"for":[21],"validating":[22],"reconstructing":[24],"legacy":[25],"designs.":[26,38],"Fast":[27],"carry-chains":[28,50],"are":[29,83],"commonly":[30],"used":[31],"synthesis":[33],"operators":[35],"We":[39,57],"propose":[40],"a":[41,103,124,129],"method":[42],"detect":[44],"word-level":[45,95,126],"structures":[46],"by":[47],"analyzing":[48],"these":[49],"LUT":[52,76],"(Look-Up":[53],"Table)":[54],"netlists.":[56,77,99],"also":[58],"present":[59],"methods":[60],"adapt":[62],"existing":[63],"techniques":[64,82],"identify":[66],"combinational":[67],"operations":[68],"sequential":[70,131],"modules":[71],"ASIC":[73],"netlists":[74],"All":[78],"developed":[79],"adapted":[81],"consolidated":[84],"into":[85],"an":[86],"integrated":[87],"tool-chain":[88,109],"aid":[90],"reverse":[92],"LUT-level":[98],"When":[100],"evaluated":[101],"on":[102],"set":[104],"real-world":[106],"designs,":[107],"infers":[110],"34%":[111],"100%":[113],"elements":[116],"netlist":[119],"be":[121],"part":[122],"known":[125,130],"operation":[127],"or":[128],"module.":[132]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}