{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2129947250","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isqed.2013.6523588","title":"Impacts of NBTI and PBTI effects on ternary CAM","display_name":"Impacts of NBTI and PBTI effects on ternary CAM","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2129947250","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isqed.2013.6523588","mag":"2129947250"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/isqed.2013.6523588","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isqed.2013.6523588","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Symposium on Quality Electronic Design (ISQED)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000265921","display_name":"Yen\u2010Han Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4869-1982"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91807558","display_name":"National Cheng Kung University","ror":"https://ror.org/01b8kcc49","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91807558"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yen-Han Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan","Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Cheng Kung University , Tainan, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91807558"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Cheng Kung University , Tainan, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91807558"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101864424","display_name":"Ing-Chao Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1994-7512"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91807558","display_name":"National Cheng Kung University","ror":"https://ror.org/01b8kcc49","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91807558"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ing-Chao Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan","Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Cheng Kung University , Tainan, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91807558"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Cheng Kung University , Tainan, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91807558"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012453102","display_name":"Sheng\u2010Wei Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5729-1978"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91807558","display_name":"National Cheng Kung University","ror":"https://ror.org/01b8kcc49","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91807558"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sheng-Wei Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan","Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Cheng Kung University , Tainan, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91807558"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Cheng Kung University , Tainan, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91807558"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91807558"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.24954246,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"pp","issue":null,"first_page":"38","last_page":"45"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12326","display_name":"Network Packet Processing and Optimization","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10472","display_name":"Semiconductor materials and devices","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6616851091384888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ternary-operation","display_name":"Ternary operation","score":0.5780341625213623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/content-addressable-memory","display_name":"Content-addressable memory","score":0.577726423740387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transistor","display_name":"Transistor","score":0.5466100573539734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.5301153659820557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/correctness","display_name":"Correctness","score":0.5168133974075317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.4872097373008728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.44571661949157715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/degradation","display_name":"Degradation (telecommunications)","score":0.44464555382728577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.363422691822052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.34738773107528687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.3302651047706604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.18462133407592773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.1620684564113617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.15147992968559265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.1373787820339203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.13653242588043213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.12897291779518127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.09050250053405762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.08386749029159546}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6616851091384888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64452783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1524945","display_name":"Ternary operation","level":2,"score":0.5780341625213623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53442348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q745101","display_name":"Content-addressable memory","level":3,"score":0.577726423740387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172385210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5339","display_name":"Transistor","level":3,"score":0.5466100573539734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.5301153659820557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55439883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q360812","display_name":"Correctness","level":2,"score":0.5168133974075317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.4872097373008728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.44571661949157715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779679103","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5251805","display_name":"Degradation (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.44464555382728577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.363422691822052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.34738773107528687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.3302651047706604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.18462133407592773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.1620684564113617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.15147992968559265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.1373787820339203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.13653242588043213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.12897291779518127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.09050250053405762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.08386749029159546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/isqed.2013.6523588","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isqed.2013.6523588","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Symposium on Quality Electronic Design (ISQED)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321040","display_name":"National Science Council","ror":"https://ror.org/02kv4zf79"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1600691640","https://openalex.org/W1998654458","https://openalex.org/W2063061076","https://openalex.org/W2069362588","https://openalex.org/W2076372184","https://openalex.org/W2080612374","https://openalex.org/W2110527999","https://openalex.org/W2111467931","https://openalex.org/W2112628818","https://openalex.org/W2113115586","https://openalex.org/W2122757690","https://openalex.org/W2129817078","https://openalex.org/W2134869654","https://openalex.org/W2142908374","https://openalex.org/W2144154842","https://openalex.org/W2552594646","https://openalex.org/W4241505725","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6676582601","https://openalex.org/W6679030935"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1667647204","https://openalex.org/W2404647514","https://openalex.org/W4247536566","https://openalex.org/W2018477250","https://openalex.org/W3119814709","https://openalex.org/W4241418540","https://openalex.org/W1508895727","https://openalex.org/W2725786787","https://openalex.org/W4283160672","https://openalex.org/W1875930651"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Ternary":[0],"content":[1],"addressable":[2],"memory":[3],"(TCAM),":[4],"which":[5,37,119,140],"can":[6,94],"store":[7,19],"0,":[8],"1":[9],"and":[10,31,76,88],"X":[11],"in":[12,22],"its":[13],"cells,":[14,87],"is":[15,120,141,160],"widely":[16],"used":[17],"to":[18,58,112,117,138],"routing":[20],"tables":[21],"network":[23],"routers.":[24],"Meanwhile,":[25],"NBTI":[26],"(Negative":[27],"Bias":[28],"Temperature":[29,35],"Instability)":[30],"PBTI":[32],"(Positive":[33],"Biased":[34],"Instability),":[36],"increase":[38],"Vthand":[39],"degrade":[40],"transistor":[41],"switching":[42],"speed,":[43],"have":[44,113],"become":[45],"major":[46],"reliability":[47],"challenges.":[48],"In":[49,127],"this":[50],"paper,":[51],"we":[52],"propose":[53],"a":[54,63,162],"novel":[55,67],"TCAM":[56,68,86],"architecture":[57,69],"reduce":[59],"BTI":[60],"degradation":[61],"using":[62,99],"bit-flipping":[64,92,101,154],"technique.":[65],"This":[66],"ensures":[70],"the":[71,82,91,100,105,124,131,145,150,153,156],"correctness":[72],"of":[73,85,104,130,152],"read,":[74],"write":[75],"search":[77],"operations.":[78],"We":[79],"also":[80],"analyze":[81],"signal":[83,96,114,135],"probabilities":[84,115,136],"demonstrate":[89],"that":[90],"technique":[93],"balance":[95],"probabilities.":[97],"By":[98],"technique,":[102,155],"76.40%":[103],"data":[106],"cells":[107,133],"under":[108],"investigation":[109],"were":[110],"found":[111],"close":[116,137],"50%,":[118,139],"62.80%":[121],"higher":[122,143],"than":[123,144],"original":[125,146],"architecture.":[126,147],"addition,":[128],"92.60%":[129],"mask":[132],"had":[134],"91.20%":[142],"When":[148],"considering":[149],"overhead":[151],"best":[157],"flipping":[158],"frequency":[159],"once":[161],"day.":[163]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
