{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2124917285","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isqed.2013.6523583","title":"Effective thermal control techniques for liquid-cooled 3D multi-core processors","display_name":"Effective thermal control techniques for liquid-cooled 3D multi-core processors","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2124917285","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isqed.2013.6523583","mag":"2124917285"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/isqed.2013.6523583","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isqed.2013.6523583","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Symposium on Quality Electronic Design (ISQED)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101791389","display_name":"Yue Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4167-6301"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121820613","display_name":"Louisiana State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ect4e57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121820613"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yue Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Electrical and Computer Engineering, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Louisiana State University, USA","Div. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Louisiana State Univ., Baton Rouge, LA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Electrical and Computer Engineering, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Louisiana State University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121820613"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Div. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Louisiana State Univ., Baton Rouge, LA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121820613"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103180705","display_name":"Shaoming Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-2420-7722"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121820613","display_name":"Louisiana State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ect4e57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121820613"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shaoming Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Electrical and Computer Engineering, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Louisiana State University, USA","Div. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Louisiana State Univ., Baton Rouge, LA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Electrical and Computer Engineering, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Louisiana State University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121820613"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Div. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Louisiana State Univ., Baton Rouge, LA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121820613"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017071421","display_name":"Peng Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5611-4902"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121820613","display_name":"Louisiana State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ect4e57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121820613"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lu Peng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Electrical and Computer Engineering, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Louisiana State University, USA","Div. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Louisiana State Univ., Baton Rouge, LA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Electrical and Computer Engineering, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Louisiana State University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121820613"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Div. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Louisiana State Univ., Baton Rouge, LA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121820613"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086541987","display_name":"Edward Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1702-4044"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121820613","display_name":"Louisiana State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ect4e57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121820613"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Electrical and Computer Engineering, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Louisiana State University, USA","Div. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Louisiana State Univ., Baton Rouge, LA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Electrical and Computer Engineering, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Louisiana State University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121820613"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Div. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Louisiana State Univ., Baton Rouge, LA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121820613"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032355516","display_name":"Jin\u2010Woo Choi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9210-9681"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121820613","display_name":"Louisiana State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ect4e57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121820613"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jin-Woo Choi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Electrical and Computer Engineering, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Louisiana State University, USA","Div. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Louisiana State Univ., Baton Rouge, LA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Electrical and Computer Engineering, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Louisiana State University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121820613"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Div. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Louisiana State Univ., Baton Rouge, LA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121820613"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121820613"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.3236,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87715666,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"8","last_page":"15"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10998","display_name":"Heat Transfer and Optimization","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10998","display_name":"Heat Transfer and Optimization","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9933000206947327,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11527","display_name":"3D IC and TSV technologies","score":0.9861999750137329,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tec","display_name":"TEC","score":0.7380544543266296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-cooling","display_name":"Computer cooling","score":0.7256729006767273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hotspot","display_name":"Hotspot (geology)","score":0.6579070091247559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermoelectric-cooling","display_name":"Thermoelectric cooling","score":0.6371588706970215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-core-processor","display_name":"Multi-core processor","score":0.5637023448944092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microchannel","display_name":"Microchannel","score":0.5286527276039124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/temperature-control","display_name":"Temperature control","score":0.5277048945426941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5207538604736328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermal","display_name":"Thermal","score":0.4985675811767578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermoelectric-effect","display_name":"Thermoelectric effect","score":0.3828933835029602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nuclear-engineering","display_name":"Nuclear engineering","score":0.35311511158943176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.3518846035003662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.3069910705089569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-engineering","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","score":0.26858606934547424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.22952982783317566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.2270883023738861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermal-management-of-electronic-devices-and-systems","display_name":"Thermal management of electronic devices and systems","score":0.16932258009910583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.1450202763080597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanotechnology","display_name":"Nanotechnology","score":0.11139988899230957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.08784762024879456}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176379880","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18031939","display_name":"TEC","level":3,"score":0.7380544543266296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11026015","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840551","display_name":"Computer cooling","level":3,"score":0.7256729006767273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146481406","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105131","display_name":"Hotspot (geology)","level":2,"score":0.6579070091247559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128458982","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18891486","display_name":"Thermoelectric cooling","level":3,"score":0.6371588706970215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78766204","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q555032","display_name":"Multi-core processor","level":2,"score":0.5637023448944092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63662833","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6839341","display_name":"Microchannel","level":2,"score":0.5286527276039124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C536315585","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7698332","display_name":"Temperature control","level":2,"score":0.5277048945426941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5207538604736328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204530211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752823","display_name":"Thermal","level":2,"score":0.4985675811767578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63024428","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q552456","display_name":"Thermoelectric effect","level":2,"score":0.3828933835029602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116915560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83504","display_name":"Nuclear engineering","level":1,"score":0.35311511158943176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.3518846035003662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.3069910705089569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.26858606934547424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.22952982783317566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.2270883023738861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114834414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15477170","display_name":"Thermal management of electronic devices and systems","level":2,"score":0.16932258009910583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1450202763080597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.11139988899230957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.08784762024879456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116403925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162219","display_name":"Ionosphere","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8058405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46255","display_name":"Geophysics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/isqed.2013.6523583","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isqed.2013.6523583","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Symposium on Quality Electronic Design (ISQED)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcommons.lsu.edu:eecs_pubs-1061","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/eecs_pubs/62","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210169993","display_name":"Civil War Book Review","issn_l":"1528-6592","issn":["1528-6592"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315936","host_organization_name":"Louisiana State University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315936"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Louisiana State University"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Faculty Publications","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.lsu.edu:eecs_pubs-1061","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://repository.lsu.edu/eecs_pubs/62","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210169993","display_name":"Civil War Book Review","issn_l":"1528-6592","issn":["1528-6592"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315936","host_organization_name":"Louisiana State University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315936"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Louisiana State University"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Faculty Publications","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8100000023841858,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W182101848","https://openalex.org/W1512565329","https://openalex.org/W1774470910","https://openalex.org/W1987293146","https://openalex.org/W1990336181","https://openalex.org/W2009795871","https://openalex.org/W2097116393","https://openalex.org/W2102727118","https://openalex.org/W2108302928","https://openalex.org/W2114678376","https://openalex.org/W2116175063","https://openalex.org/W2117236903","https://openalex.org/W2118204538","https://openalex.org/W2121219842","https://openalex.org/W2128705133","https://openalex.org/W2128709524","https://openalex.org/W2143807959","https://openalex.org/W2145547293","https://openalex.org/W2149809112","https://openalex.org/W2153215457","https://openalex.org/W2163517070","https://openalex.org/W3140903683","https://openalex.org/W3141741471","https://openalex.org/W3142845206","https://openalex.org/W3151656656","https://openalex.org/W6792941224"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2027072495","https://openalex.org/W2275640069","https://openalex.org/W1972191873","https://openalex.org/W2900169294","https://openalex.org/W2795328362","https://openalex.org/W2803967615","https://openalex.org/W2102804271","https://openalex.org/W2028802659","https://openalex.org/W2804960083","https://openalex.org/W2954340170"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Microchannel":[0],"liquid":[1,43],"cooling":[2,7,12,107,125],"shows":[3],"great":[4],"potential":[5],"in":[6,25],"3D":[8,14,80,120],"processors.":[9],"However,":[10],"the":[11,28,62,83,102,114,118,124,131,135,149,153],"of":[13,64,126],"processors":[15],"is":[16,32],"limited":[17],"due":[18],"to":[19,42,61,112,122,139,164],"design-time":[20],"and":[21,35,142],"run-time":[22],"challenges.":[23],"Moreover,":[24,152],"new":[26],"technologies,":[27],"processor":[29,66,81,121],"power":[30],"density":[31],"continually":[33],"increasing":[34],"this":[36,46],"will":[37],"bring":[38],"more":[39],"serious":[40],"challenges":[41],"cooling.":[44],"In":[45],"paper,":[47],"we":[48],"propose":[49,111],"two":[50,68],"thermal":[51],"control":[52],"techniques:":[53],"1)":[54],"Core":[55],"Vertically":[56],"Placed":[57],"(CVP)":[58],"technique.":[59,109],"According":[60],"architecture":[63],"a":[65,74,96,159],"core,":[67],"schemes":[69],"are":[70],"given":[71],"for":[72],"placing":[73],"core":[75],"vertically":[76],"onto":[77],"multilayers.":[78],"The":[79],"with":[82,101,148],"CVP":[84,132],"technique":[85,116,133,155],"can":[86],"be":[87],"better":[88],"cooled":[89],"since":[90],"its":[91],"separate":[92],"hotspot":[93,160],"blocks":[94],"have":[95],"larger":[97],"total":[98],"contact":[99],"area":[100],"cooler":[103],"surroundings.":[104],"2)":[105],"Thermoelectric":[106],"(TEC)":[108],"We":[110],"incorporate":[113],"TEC":[115,154],"into":[117],"liquid-cooled":[119],"enhance":[123],"hotspots.":[127],"Our":[128],"experiments":[129],"show":[130],"reduces":[134],"maximum":[136],"temperature":[137],"up":[138],"29.58":[140],"\u00b0C,":[141],"16.64":[143],"\u00b0C":[144,163],"on":[145],"average":[146],"compared":[147],"baseline":[150],"design.":[151],"effectively":[156],"cools":[157],"down":[158],"from":[161],"96.86":[162],"78.60":[165],"\u00b0C.":[166]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
