{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4361829741","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ispacs57703.2022.10082848","title":"Crowd Monitoring of Hajj Pilgrimage using Video Analytics and Deep Learning *","display_name":"Crowd Monitoring of Hajj Pilgrimage using Video Analytics and Deep Learning *","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-11-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4361829741","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ispacs57703.2022.10082848"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ispacs57703.2022.10082848","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ispacs57703.2022.10082848","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 International Symposium on Intelligent Signal Processing and Communication Systems (ISPACS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069580378","display_name":"Md Roman Bhuiyan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8919-4459"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173029219","display_name":"Multimedia University","ror":"https://ror.org/04zrbnc33","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173029219"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Md Roman Bhuiyan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Multimedia University,Faculty of Computing and Informatics,Cyberjaya,Malaysia","Faculty of Computing and Informatics, Multimedia University, Cyberjaya, Malaysia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Multimedia University,Faculty of Computing and Informatics,Cyberjaya,Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173029219"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computing and Informatics, Multimedia University, Cyberjaya, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173029219"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027706486","display_name":"Junaidi Abdullah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8820-2472"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173029219","display_name":"Multimedia University","ror":"https://ror.org/04zrbnc33","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173029219"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junaidi Abdullah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Multimedia University,Faculty of Computing and Informatics,Cyberjaya,Malaysia","Faculty of Computing and Informatics, Multimedia University, Cyberjaya, Malaysia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Multimedia University,Faculty of Computing and Informatics,Cyberjaya,Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173029219"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computing and Informatics, Multimedia University, Cyberjaya, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173029219"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010882526","display_name":"Noramiza Hashim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9838-2892"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173029219","display_name":"Multimedia University","ror":"https://ror.org/04zrbnc33","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173029219"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Noramiza Hashim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Multimedia University,Faculty of Computing and Informatics,Cyberjaya,Malaysia","Faculty of Computing and Informatics, Multimedia University, Cyberjaya, Malaysia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Multimedia University,Faculty of Computing and Informatics,Cyberjaya,Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173029219"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computing and Informatics, Multimedia University, Cyberjaya, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173029219"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044844639","display_name":"Fahmid Al Farid","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2625-2348"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173029219","display_name":"Multimedia University","ror":"https://ror.org/04zrbnc33","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173029219"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fahmid Al Farid","raw_affiliation_strings":["Multimedia University,Faculty of Computing and Informatics,Cyberjaya,Malaysia","Faculty of Computing and Informatics, Multimedia University, Cyberjaya, Malaysia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Multimedia University,Faculty of Computing and Informatics,Cyberjaya,Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173029219"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computing and Informatics, Multimedia University, Cyberjaya, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173029219"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5069580378"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173029219"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3979,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.68492198,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9957000017166138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9957000017166138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12597","display_name":"Fire Detection and Safety Systems","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9914000034332275,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hajj","display_name":"Hajj","score":0.9551907777786255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crowds","display_name":"Crowds","score":0.8078706860542297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7423027753829956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/analytics","display_name":"Analytics","score":0.7277580499649048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.6750434637069702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4961889386177063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.4822445809841156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/big-data","display_name":"Big data","score":0.43995600938796997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.43534374237060547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.32280486822128296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.2649598717689514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.23671552538871765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.11185693740844727}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781009399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q234915","display_name":"Hajj","level":3,"score":0.9551907777786255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777852691","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13430821","display_name":"Crowds","level":2,"score":0.8078706860542297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7423027753829956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79158427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485396","display_name":"Analytics","level":2,"score":0.7277580499649048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.6750434637069702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4961889386177063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.4822445809841156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75684735","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q858810","display_name":"Big data","level":2,"score":0.43995600938796997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.43534374237060547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.32280486822128296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.2649598717689514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.23671552538871765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.11185693740844727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4445939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q432","display_name":"Islam","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ispacs57703.2022.10082848","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ispacs57703.2022.10082848","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 International Symposium on Intelligent Signal Processing and Communication Systems (ISPACS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320313202","display_name":"Multimedia University","ror":"https://ror.org/04zrbnc33"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2072232009","https://openalex.org/W2145983039","https://openalex.org/W2170505850","https://openalex.org/W2463631526","https://openalex.org/W2964209782","https://openalex.org/W4220925575","https://openalex.org/W4220950494","https://openalex.org/W4226314536","https://openalex.org/W4281787679","https://openalex.org/W4284681100"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3107179269","https://openalex.org/W2230088181","https://openalex.org/W1921621982","https://openalex.org/W4285411586","https://openalex.org/W2990977347","https://openalex.org/W2136135222","https://openalex.org/W2153830822","https://openalex.org/W1605863285","https://openalex.org/W2560276066","https://openalex.org/W2914895168"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,83,109,141],"paper":[1,84],"presents":[2],"developments":[3],"in":[4,29,47,56,117,120,154,239],"crowd":[5,12,70,95,107,182,220,240,259],"analysis,":[6,96,170,241],"with":[7,187],"a":[8,26,66,86,126,132,146,191,208],"specific":[9],"emphasis":[10],"on":[11,150],"density":[13,133,217],"during":[14,172],"the":[15,38,73,77,103,123,151,158,198,216,230,243,248,257],"Hajj":[16,152],"and":[17,33,40,52,97,162,203,228],"Umrah":[18],"pilgrimages.":[19],"In":[20,246],"recent":[21],"years,":[22],"there":[23],"has":[24],"been":[25],"rising":[27],"interest":[28],"increasing":[30],"video":[31,34,118,169],"analytics":[32],"surveillance":[35,50],"to":[36,101,112,136,144,156,178,214],"enhance":[37],"safety":[39],"security":[41],"of":[42,61,68,76,106,125,129,134,218,254],"pilgrims":[43,130],"throughout":[44],"their":[45,57],"stay":[46],"Mecca.":[48],"Crowd":[49],"research":[51],"development":[53],"are":[54,165],"still":[55],"infancy.":[58],"Real-time":[59],"monitoring":[60],"crowds":[62],"is":[63,99,110,176,194,212],"impeded":[64],"by":[65],"lack":[67],"distinct":[69],"scenes":[71],"or":[72],"high":[74],"intensity":[75],"crowd,":[78],"which":[79],"reduces":[80],"its":[81],"use.":[82],"proposed":[85],"fully":[87],"convolutional":[88],"neural":[89],"network":[90],"(FCNN)":[91],"method":[92,250],"for":[93,168,256],"large":[94,127],"it":[98,175],"able":[100],"classify":[102],"three":[104],"classes":[105],"density.":[108],"intended":[111],"overcome":[113,157],"existing":[114],"technical":[115],"challenges":[116],"analysis":[119],"situations":[121],"involving":[122],"circulation":[124],"number":[128],"at":[131],"seven":[135],"eight":[137],"per":[138],"square":[139],"meter.":[140],"endeavor":[142],"intends":[143],"build":[145],"new":[147,224],"dataset":[148,225],"based":[149],"scenario,":[153],"part":[155],"aforementioned":[159],"difficulty.":[160],"Manual":[161],"semi-automatic":[163],"approaches":[164],"now":[166],"used":[167],"notably":[171],"Hajj.":[173],"However,":[174],"vital":[177],"automatically":[179],"monitor":[180],"pilgrim":[181],"events.":[183],"Integrating":[184],"FCNN":[185,188],"classification":[186],"regression":[189],"requires":[190],"strategy":[192],"that":[193],"more":[195],"powerful":[196],"than":[197],"direct":[199],"approach.":[200],"Using":[201],"ResNet50":[202,249],"Fully":[204],"Convolutional":[205],"Neural":[206],"Networks,":[207],"deep":[209],"learning":[210],"architecture":[211],"constructed":[213],"predict":[215],"certain":[219],"footage":[221],"(FCNNs).":[222],"The":[223],"(Hajj-Crowd":[226],"dataset)":[227],"using":[229],"recommended":[231],"strategy,":[232],"our":[233],"solution":[234],"obtained":[235],"100":[236],"%":[237],"accuracy":[238,253],"exceeding":[242],"state-of-the-art":[244],"technology.":[245],"addition,":[247],"achieved":[251],"an":[252],"98.6%":[255],"developed":[258],"dataset.":[260]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
