{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2004058644","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ispacs.2011.6146089","title":"A Multiple Bits Output Ring-Oscillator Physical Unclonable Function","display_name":"A Multiple Bits Output Ring-Oscillator Physical Unclonable Function","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2004058644","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ispacs.2011.6146089","mag":"2004058644"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ispacs.2011.6146089","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ispacs.2011.6146089","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 International Symposium on Intelligent Signal Processing and Communications Systems (ISPACS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028352417","display_name":"Bin Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3286-4607"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150744194","display_name":"Waseda University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ntfnx83","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150744194"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hu Bin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Information, Production and Systems, Waseda University, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan","Graduate school of information, production and systems, Waseda University, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Information, Production and Systems, Waseda University, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150744194"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate school of information, production and systems, Waseda University, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150744194"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101825973","display_name":"Satoshi Goto","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6387-048X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150744194","display_name":"Waseda University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ntfnx83","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150744194"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Satoshi Goto","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Information, Production and Systems, Waseda University, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan","Graduate school of information, production and systems, Waseda University, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Information, Production and Systems, Waseda University, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150744194"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate school of information, production and systems, Waseda University, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150744194"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049684006","display_name":"Yukiyasu Tsunoo","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118347220","display_name":"NEC (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/04jndar25","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118347220"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yukiyasu Tsunoo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Codes and Cryptography Technology Group, Information and Media Processing Laboratory, NEC Corporation, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan","Codes and Cryptography Technology Group, Information and Media Processing Lab, NEC Corp., Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Codes and Cryptography Technology Group, Information and Media Processing Laboratory, NEC Corporation, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118347220"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Codes and Cryptography Technology Group, Information and Media Processing Lab, NEC Corp., Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118347220"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.38,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.50191083,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14117","display_name":"Integrated Circuits and Semiconductor Failure Analysis","score":0.9923999905586243,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12859","display_name":"Cell Image Analysis Techniques","score":0.9828000068664551,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1304","display_name":"Biophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-unclonable-function","display_name":"Physical unclonable function","score":0.9256420135498047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ring-oscillator","display_name":"Ring oscillator","score":0.821292519569397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6116230487823486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authentication","display_name":"Authentication (law)","score":0.5353788137435913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.5339798927307129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ring","display_name":"Ring (chemistry)","score":0.47231289744377136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hardware-security-module","display_name":"Hardware security module","score":0.4503270387649536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.41574668884277344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.4132017493247986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.37801146507263184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.36998218297958374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.35887622833251953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2588602900505066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.23946014046669006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.12148553133010864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.11145257949829102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.09084251523017883}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8643368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4046262","display_name":"Physical unclonable function","level":3,"score":0.9256420135498047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104111718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2153973","display_name":"Ring oscillator","level":3,"score":0.821292519569397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6116230487823486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148417208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825882","display_name":"Authentication (law)","level":2,"score":0.5353788137435913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.5339798927307129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351438","display_name":"Ring (chemistry)","level":2,"score":0.47231289744377136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39217717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1432354","display_name":"Hardware security module","level":3,"score":0.4503270387649536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.41574668884277344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.4132017493247986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.37801146507263184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.36998218297958374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.35887622833251953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2588602900505066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.23946014046669006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.12148553133010864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.11145257949829102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.09084251523017883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ispacs.2011.6146089","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ispacs.2011.6146089","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 International Symposium on Intelligent Signal Processing and Communications Systems (ISPACS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320912","display_name":"Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/048rj2z13"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338075","display_name":"Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00097mb19"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1520248614","https://openalex.org/W2000171858","https://openalex.org/W2116374153","https://openalex.org/W2130351941","https://openalex.org/W2135064681","https://openalex.org/W2168174386","https://openalex.org/W6631136416","https://openalex.org/W6679357471"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2128735154","https://openalex.org/W1554713511","https://openalex.org/W4389544506","https://openalex.org/W4391182404","https://openalex.org/W3090320675","https://openalex.org/W2525030438","https://openalex.org/W2581020247","https://openalex.org/W4362564225","https://openalex.org/W4285107159","https://openalex.org/W4234974809"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0],"a":[1],"new":[2],"topic":[3],"in":[4],"security":[5],"area,":[6],"Physical":[7],"Unclonable":[8],"Functions":[9],"(PUFs)":[10],"have":[11],"many":[12],"advantages":[13],"against":[14],"traditional":[15],"techniques.":[16],"They":[17],"can":[18],"be":[19],"employed":[20],"to":[21,83],"generate":[22,84],"unique":[23],"signature":[24],"of":[25,37,47,57,65],"Integrated":[26],"Circuit(IC)":[27],"for":[28,97],"identification":[29],"and":[30,54,101],"authentication,":[31],"which":[32,68],"is":[33,69],"so":[34],"called":[35,70],"DNA":[36],"ICs.":[38],"In":[39],"this":[40],"paper":[41],"we":[42,61],"introduce":[43],"some":[44,95],"basic":[45],"knowledge":[46],"PUFs,":[48],"as":[49,51],"well":[50],"the":[52,99],"structure":[53],"implementation":[55],"details":[56],"Ring-oscillator":[58],"PUFs.":[59],"Then":[60],"propose":[62],"an":[63],"improvement":[64],"RO":[66,80],"PUF,":[67],"Multiple":[71,77],"Bits":[72,78],"Output":[73,79],"Ring-Oscillator":[74],"PUF.":[75],"The":[76,105],"PUF":[81],"helps":[82],"more":[85],"challenge-response":[86],"pairs":[87],"with":[88],"very":[89],"little":[90],"extra":[91],"area":[92],"cost.":[93],"Moreover,":[94],"methods":[96],"enhancing":[98],"reliability":[100],"uniqueness":[102],"are":[103,108],"used.":[104],"experiment":[106],"results":[107],"showed":[109],"at":[110],"last.":[111]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}