{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2138101356","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ispa.2009.32","title":"Secure Logging for Auditable File System Using Separate Virtual Machines","display_name":"Secure Logging for Auditable File System Using Separate Virtual Machines","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2138101356","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ispa.2009.32","mag":"2138101356"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ispa.2009.32","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ispa.2009.32","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 IEEE International Symposium on Parallel and Distributed Processing with Applications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008090430","display_name":"Siqin Zhao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Siqin Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","Dept. of Computer Science & Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Computer Science & Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100447195","display_name":"Kang Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8368-1109"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kang Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","Dept. of Computer Science & Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Computer Science & Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108050911","display_name":"Weimin Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4450-5428"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weimin Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","Dept. of Computer Science & Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Computer Science & Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5008090430"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6857,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74057718,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"34","issue":null,"first_page":"153","last_page":"160"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11181","display_name":"Advanced Data Storage Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11181","display_name":"Advanced Data Storage Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12034","display_name":"Digital and Cyber Forensics","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11614","display_name":"Cloud Data Security Solutions","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8240089416503906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/file-system","display_name":"File system","score":0.7139992117881775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-machine","display_name":"Virtual machine","score":0.6284483671188354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.5377642512321472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/logging","display_name":"Logging","score":0.4840914011001587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-file-system","display_name":"Virtual file system","score":0.4520842134952545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consistency","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","score":0.4517306089401245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hypervisor","display_name":"Hypervisor","score":0.441837877035141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/system-administrator","display_name":"System administrator","score":0.432686448097229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/audit-trail","display_name":"Audit trail","score":0.41984841227531433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.41598644852638245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/system-call","display_name":"System call","score":0.4120444357395172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.35592639446258545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.3454582095146179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/audit","display_name":"Audit","score":0.26132044196128845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/self-certifying-file-system","display_name":"Self-certifying File System","score":0.23210307955741882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ssh-file-transfer-protocol","display_name":"SSH File Transfer Protocol","score":0.1521921157836914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtualization","display_name":"Virtualization","score":0.12331736087799072}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8240089416503906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780940931","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174989","display_name":"File system","level":2,"score":0.7139992117881775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25344961","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192726","display_name":"Virtual machine","level":2,"score":0.6284483671188354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.5377642512321472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125620115","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q845249","display_name":"Logging","level":2,"score":0.4840914011001587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58861120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1330734","display_name":"Virtual file system","level":5,"score":0.4520842134952545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776436953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5163215","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","level":2,"score":0.4517306089401245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112904061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1077480","display_name":"Hypervisor","level":4,"score":0.441837877035141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780814629","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327353","display_name":"System administrator","level":2,"score":0.432686448097229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80958533","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1047174","display_name":"Audit trail","level":3,"score":0.41984841227531433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.41598644852638245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778579508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q722192","display_name":"System call","level":2,"score":0.4120444357395172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.35592639446258545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.3454582095146179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199521495","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181487","display_name":"Audit","level":2,"score":0.26132044196128845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82820731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2640620","display_name":"Self-certifying File System","level":3,"score":0.23210307955741882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88520388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1126823","display_name":"SSH File Transfer Protocol","level":4,"score":0.1521921157836914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C513985346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q270471","display_name":"Virtualization","level":3,"score":0.12331736087799072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ispa.2009.32","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ispa.2009.32","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 IEEE International Symposium on Parallel and Distributed Processing with Applications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.6200000047683716}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W100437318","https://openalex.org/W1550115315","https://openalex.org/W1987593503","https://openalex.org/W2088837715","https://openalex.org/W2089821795","https://openalex.org/W2097829252","https://openalex.org/W2108183412","https://openalex.org/W2115600841","https://openalex.org/W2131726714","https://openalex.org/W2162655049","https://openalex.org/W2166004296","https://openalex.org/W2205436351","https://openalex.org/W4241912528","https://openalex.org/W4243477111","https://openalex.org/W4243947286","https://openalex.org/W4247882433","https://openalex.org/W6604054576","https://openalex.org/W6633010358"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2170197386","https://openalex.org/W4385750663","https://openalex.org/W2036037532","https://openalex.org/W3115073666","https://openalex.org/W2075886053","https://openalex.org/W2488815249","https://openalex.org/W772380622","https://openalex.org/W1967557374","https://openalex.org/W2358068181","https://openalex.org/W2359267112"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Auditable":[0,20],"file":[1,11,21,48,66,131],"system":[2,12,22,67,111,116,132,216],"is":[3,152],"used":[4],"to":[5,55,80,159,193,198,217],"track":[6],"the":[7,10,14,24,30,40,46,61,65,69,71,77,84,87,94,108,115,119,148,154,160,163,169,184,189,219,227],"usage":[8],"of":[9,26,126,221],"including":[13],"operations":[15],"like":[16],"read":[17],"and":[18,29,82,175,191],"write.":[19],"keeps":[23],"trails":[25,31],"userspsila":[27],"action":[28],"are":[32,42,140,156],"kept":[33,44,91,141,173],"faithfully":[34],"for":[35,129,202],"future":[36],"auditing.":[37],"However,":[38],"as":[39,58,103,211,213],"logs":[41,88,139,155,170,185,190],"still":[43,75,113],"within":[45],"same":[47],"system,":[49],"it":[50],"will":[51,231],"be":[52,56,90,172,199],"quite":[53],"vulnerable":[54],"exposed":[57,158],"malware":[59],"penetrating":[60],"system.":[62,96],"Even":[63,147],"with":[64],"hiding":[68],"logs,":[70],"skillful":[72],"attacker":[73],"can":[74,99,106,171,181],"analyze":[76],"on-disk":[78],"structure":[79],"get":[81],"modify":[83,183],"logs.":[85],"Thus":[86],"should":[89],"separate":[92],"from":[93,118],"working":[95,149],"Virtual":[97],"machines":[98,105],"provide":[100],"such":[101,222],"separation":[102],"virtual":[104,136,144,150,167,229],"hold":[107],"whole":[109],"operating":[110],"while":[112],"keep":[114,194],"apart":[117],"metal":[120],"hardware.":[121],"We":[122,206],"propose":[123],"a":[124,134,214],"method":[125],"secure":[127],"logging":[128,135,228],"auditable":[130],"using":[133],"machine.":[137],"The":[138,177],"in":[142],"another":[143,200],"machine":[145,151,230],"safely.":[146],"broken;":[153],"not":[157,182,232],"outside.":[161],"By":[162],"isolation":[164],"provided":[165],"by":[166],"machines,":[168],"safe":[174],"valid.":[176],"high":[178],"privileged":[179],"user":[180,201],"contents,":[186],"or":[187,196],"forge":[188],"data":[192],"consistency,":[195],"pretend":[197],"doing":[203],"un-authorized":[204],"actions.":[205],"have":[207],"done":[208],"several":[209],"works":[210],"well":[212],"prototype":[215],"show":[218,225],"feasibility":[220],"approach.":[223],"Experiments":[224],"that":[226],"bring":[233],"too":[234],"much":[235],"overhead.":[236]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}