{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4319430841","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isocc56007.2022.10031300","title":"A Novel Ring Oscillator PUF for FPGA Based on Feedforward Ring Oscillators","display_name":"A Novel Ring Oscillator PUF for FPGA Based on Feedforward Ring Oscillators","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-10-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4319430841","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isocc56007.2022.10031300"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/isocc56007.2022.10031300","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isocc56007.2022.10031300","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608048","display_name":"2022 19th International SoC Design Conference (ISOCC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 19th International SoC Design Conference (ISOCC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031277423","display_name":"Tuan-Kiet Dang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2616-2510"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20529979","display_name":"University of Electro-Communications","ror":"https://ror.org/02x73b849","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20529979"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tuan-Kiet Dang","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Electro-Communications (UEC),Tokyo,Japan","The University of Electro-Communications (UEC), Tokyo, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Electro-Communications (UEC),Tokyo,Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20529979"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Electro-Communications (UEC), Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20529979"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011385079","display_name":"Ronaldo Serrano","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5501-0914"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20529979","display_name":"University of Electro-Communications","ror":"https://ror.org/02x73b849","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20529979"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ronaldo Serrano","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Electro-Communications (UEC),Tokyo,Japan","The University of Electro-Communications (UEC), Tokyo, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Electro-Communications (UEC),Tokyo,Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20529979"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Electro-Communications (UEC), Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20529979"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025387024","display_name":"Trong-Thuc Hoang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4078-0836"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20529979","display_name":"University of Electro-Communications","ror":"https://ror.org/02x73b849","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20529979"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Trong-Thuc Hoang","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Electro-Communications (UEC),Tokyo,Japan","The University of Electro-Communications (UEC), Tokyo, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Electro-Communications (UEC),Tokyo,Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20529979"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Electro-Communications (UEC), Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20529979"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042912660","display_name":"Cong\u2010Kha Pham","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5255-4919"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20529979","display_name":"University of Electro-Communications","ror":"https://ror.org/02x73b849","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20529979"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cong-Kha Pham","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Electro-Communications (UEC),Tokyo,Japan","The University of Electro-Communications (UEC), Tokyo, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Electro-Communications (UEC),Tokyo,Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20529979"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Electro-Communications (UEC), Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20529979"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5031277423"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20529979"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5006,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82507583,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"87","last_page":"88"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14117","display_name":"Integrated Circuits and Semiconductor Failure Analysis","score":0.9957000017166138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.9785000085830688,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field-programmable-gate-array","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","score":0.8745856285095215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ring-oscillator","display_name":"Ring oscillator","score":0.8376444578170776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-unclonable-function","display_name":"Physical unclonable function","score":0.7439860701560974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5097038745880127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.5077808499336243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ring","display_name":"Ring (chemistry)","score":0.5059050917625427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feed-forward","display_name":"Feed forward","score":0.5050504803657532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.4608561396598816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process-variation","display_name":"Process variation","score":0.4437845051288605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.38026416301727295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.34632259607315063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.3338969945907593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.303692102432251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.1855335235595703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.13682854175567627}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42935608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190411","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","level":2,"score":0.8745856285095215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104111718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2153973","display_name":"Ring oscillator","level":3,"score":0.8376444578170776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8643368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4046262","display_name":"Physical unclonable function","level":3,"score":0.7439860701560974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5097038745880127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.5077808499336243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351438","display_name":"Ring (chemistry)","level":2,"score":0.5059050917625427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38858127","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5441228","display_name":"Feed forward","level":2,"score":0.5050504803657532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.4608561396598816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93389723","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7247313","display_name":"Process variation","level":3,"score":0.4437845051288605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.38026416301727295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.34632259607315063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.3338969945907593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.303692102432251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.1855335235595703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.13682854175567627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779971761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629872","display_name":"Arbiter","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/isocc56007.2022.10031300","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isocc56007.2022.10031300","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608048","display_name":"2022 19th International SoC Design Conference (ISOCC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 19th International SoC Design Conference (ISOCC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2107886524","https://openalex.org/W2901002898","https://openalex.org/W3015704437","https://openalex.org/W3082249069","https://openalex.org/W3176970825","https://openalex.org/W3184089439","https://openalex.org/W4386767094","https://openalex.org/W6676995458"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3148339641","https://openalex.org/W3195700791","https://openalex.org/W2128735154","https://openalex.org/W2184096640","https://openalex.org/W2333684670","https://openalex.org/W2004058644","https://openalex.org/W2126460857","https://openalex.org/W2525030438","https://openalex.org/W3018478474","https://openalex.org/W2093731983"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"Physical":[1],"Unclonable":[2],"Function":[3],"(PUF)":[4],"exploits":[5],"uncontrollable":[6],"variations":[7],"in":[8,52,97],"manufacturing":[9],"to":[10,26,55],"characterize":[11],"an":[12,57],"integrated":[13],"circuit.":[14],"There":[15],"have":[16],"been":[17],"many":[18],"PUF":[19,38,72,86],"designs":[20,46],"proposed":[21],"which":[22],"apply":[23],"different":[24],"strategies":[25],"extract":[27],"process":[28],"variation":[29,69],"on":[30,73,76,89],"Field":[31],"Programmable":[32],"Gate":[33],"Arrays":[34],"(FPGAs).":[35],"Ring":[36],"Oscillator":[37],"(RO":[39],"PUF)":[40],"is":[41],"one":[42],"of":[43,49,60,70,84],"the":[44,50],"FPGA-friendly":[45],"taking":[47],"advantage":[48],"difference":[51],"hardware":[53],"delay":[54],"generate":[56],"unpredictable":[58],"output":[59],"a":[61,67],"silicon":[62],"device.":[63],"This":[64],"paper":[65],"proposes":[66],"novel":[68],"RO":[71],"FPGA":[74,92],"based":[75],"feedforward":[77],"ring":[78],"oscillators":[79],"(FRO).":[80],"The":[81],"experiment":[82],"results":[83,96],"FRO":[85],"are":[87],"conducted":[88],"Xilinx":[90],"Artix-7":[91],"and":[93,100,105],"illustrate":[94],"satisfactory":[95],"uniqueness,":[98],"uniformity,":[99],"reliability":[101],"with":[102],"50.23%,":[103],"52.64%,":[104],"95.92%,":[106],"respectively.":[107]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-12-24T23:09:58.560324","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}