{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3216528298","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isocc53507.2021.9613977","title":"Memory-Centric Architecture of Neural Processing Unit for Edge Device","display_name":"Memory-Centric Architecture of Neural Processing Unit for Edge Device","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-10-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3216528298","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isocc53507.2021.9613977","mag":"3216528298"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/isocc53507.2021.9613977","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isocc53507.2021.9613977","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 18th International SoC Design Conference (ISOCC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072171676","display_name":"Eunchong Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7873-2920"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131650","display_name":"Korea Electronics Technology Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/039k6f508","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210089395","https://openalex.org/I4210131650"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eunchong Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intelligent Image Processing Research Center, Korea Electronics Technology Institute, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intelligent Image Processing Research Center, Korea Electronics Technology Institute, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131650"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000101850","display_name":"Minyong Sung","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131650","display_name":"Korea Electronics Technology Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/039k6f508","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210089395","https://openalex.org/I4210131650"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Minyong Sung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intelligent Image Processing Research Center, Korea Electronics Technology Institute, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intelligent Image Processing Research Center, Korea Electronics Technology Institute, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131650"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085550090","display_name":"Sung\u2010Joon Jang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6992-408X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131650","display_name":"Korea Electronics Technology Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/039k6f508","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210089395","https://openalex.org/I4210131650"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sung-Joon Jang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intelligent Image Processing Research Center, Korea Electronics Technology Institute, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intelligent Image Processing Research Center, Korea Electronics Technology Institute, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131650"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103274297","display_name":"Jong-Hee Park","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0156-2489"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131650","display_name":"Korea Electronics Technology Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/039k6f508","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210089395","https://openalex.org/I4210131650"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jonghee Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intelligent Image Processing Research Center, Korea Electronics Technology Institute, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intelligent Image Processing Research Center, Korea Electronics Technology Institute, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131650"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044022432","display_name":"Sang-Seol Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5158-438X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131650","display_name":"Korea Electronics Technology Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/039k6f508","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210089395","https://openalex.org/I4210131650"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sang-Seol Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intelligent Image Processing Research Center, Korea Electronics Technology Institute, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intelligent Image Processing Research Center, Korea Electronics Technology Institute, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131650"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4068,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.62080438,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"240","last_page":"241"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11992","display_name":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8036225438117981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/static-random-access-memory","display_name":"Static random-access memory","score":0.6872094869613647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.5647247433662415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enhanced-data-rates-for-gsm-evolution","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","score":0.5448747277259827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-architecture","display_name":"Computer architecture","score":0.530229389667511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.5290350317955017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.4919154644012451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hardware-architecture","display_name":"Hardware architecture","score":0.469204843044281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-processing","display_name":"Parallel processing","score":0.45884761214256287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/memory-architecture","display_name":"Memory architecture","score":0.45037639141082764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.4314594864845276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/edge-device","display_name":"Edge device","score":0.43140897154808044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture","display_name":"Architecture","score":0.41860780119895935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.23785710334777832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.1270357370376587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.07431653141975403}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8036225438117981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68043766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q267416","display_name":"Static random-access memory","level":2,"score":0.6872094869613647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.5647247433662415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.5448747277259827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118524514","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173212","display_name":"Computer architecture","level":1,"score":0.530229389667511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.5290350317955017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.4919154644012451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65232700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5656403","display_name":"Hardware architecture","level":3,"score":0.469204843044281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106515295","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26806595","display_name":"Parallel processing","level":2,"score":0.45884761214256287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779602883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15544750","display_name":"Memory architecture","level":2,"score":0.45037639141082764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.4314594864845276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138236772","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25098575","display_name":"Edge device","level":3,"score":0.43140897154808044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.41860780119895935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.23785710334777832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.1270357370376587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.07431653141975403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/isocc53507.2021.9613977","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isocc53507.2021.9613977","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 18th International SoC Design Conference (ISOCC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":2,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2945146780","https://openalex.org/W3093799822"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4392590355","https://openalex.org/W3151633427","https://openalex.org/W2212894501","https://openalex.org/W2793465010","https://openalex.org/W3024050170","https://openalex.org/W2109451123","https://openalex.org/W4378977321","https://openalex.org/W2026052914","https://openalex.org/W2149373426","https://openalex.org/W1980662701"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"deep":[1,25],"learning":[2,26],"algorithms":[3],"require":[4,33],"high":[5],"computational":[6],"power":[7],"and":[8,32,63,82],"memory":[9],"usage":[10],"to":[11,37,112],"provide":[12],"better":[13],"performance":[14],"for":[15],"users.":[16],"However,":[17],"the":[18,30,38,44,49,78,106],"edge":[19],"devices":[20],"use":[21],"different":[22],"sizes":[23],"of":[24,60,85,99],"networks":[27,100],"depending":[28],"on":[29],"application":[31],"hardware":[34,40,45,58,80,87,94,103],"optimization":[35],"due":[36],"limited":[39],"resources.":[41],"To":[42],"minimize":[43],"redesign":[46],"efforts":[47],"by":[48,101],"networks,":[50],"we":[51,76],"propose":[52],"a":[53,97],"Neural":[54],"Processing":[55,65],"Unit":[56],"(NPU)":[57],"consisting":[59],"one":[61],"SRAM":[62,113],"16":[64],"Element":[66],"(PEs)":[67],"that":[68,92,109],"enables":[69],"various":[70],"parallel":[71,86],"configurations.":[72],"In":[73],"this":[74],"paper,":[75],"introduce":[77],"NPU":[79],"details":[81],"several":[83],"combinations":[84],"structure.":[88],"We":[89],"also":[90],"demonstrate":[91],"our":[93],"can":[95],"handle":[96],"variety":[98],"describing":[102],"behavior":[104],"under":[105],"data":[107],"configuration":[108],"is":[110],"written":[111]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}