{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4381332057","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ismict58261.2023.10152290","title":"Visible Light Communications for Healthcare Applications: Opportunities and Challenges","display_name":"Visible Light Communications for Healthcare Applications: Opportunities and Challenges","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-05-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4381332057","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ismict58261.2023.10152290"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ismict58261.2023.10152290","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ismict58261.2023.10152290","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE 17th International Symposium on Medical Information and Communication Technology (ISMICT)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023137106","display_name":"Stefano Caputo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4516-8910"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45084792","display_name":"University of Florence","ror":"https://ror.org/04jr1s763","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefano Caputo","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Florence,Department of Information Engineering,Florence,Italy","Department of Information Engineering, University of Florence, Florence, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4516-8910","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Florence,Department of Information Engineering,Florence,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, University of Florence, Florence, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046812608","display_name":"Giacomo Borghini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8964-6490"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45084792","display_name":"University of Florence","ror":"https://ror.org/04jr1s763","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giacomo Borghini","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Florence,Department of Information Engineering,Florence,Italy","Department of Information Engineering, University of Florence, Florence, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8964-6490","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Florence,Department of Information Engineering,Florence,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, University of Florence, Florence, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109093488","display_name":"Sara Jayousi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9480-4563"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45084792","display_name":"University of Florence","ror":"https://ror.org/04jr1s763","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sara Jayousi","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Florence,Department of Information Engineering,Florence,Italy","Department of Information Engineering, University of Florence, Florence, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Florence,Department of Information Engineering,Florence,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, University of Florence, Florence, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036085597","display_name":"Adnan Abd Rashid","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1039-6136"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45084792","display_name":"University of Florence","ror":"https://ror.org/04jr1s763","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adnan Rashid","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Florence,Department of Information Engineering,Florence,Italy","Department of Information Engineering, University of Florence, Florence, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1039-6136","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Florence,Department of Information Engineering,Florence,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, University of Florence, Florence, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089835241","display_name":"Lorenzo Mucchi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6389-0221"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45084792","display_name":"University of Florence","ror":"https://ror.org/04jr1s763","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lorenzo Mucchi","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Florence and CNR-INO,Department of Information Engineering,Florence,Italy","Department of Information Engineering, University of Florence and CNR-INO, Florence, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6389-0221","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Florence and CNR-INO,Department of Information Engineering,Florence,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, University of Florence and CNR-INO, Florence, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.4904,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9797108,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11963","display_name":"Impact of Light on Environment and Health","score":0.9728000164031982,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9516000151634216,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visible-light-communication","display_name":"Visible light communication","score":0.9804941415786743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.6764293313026428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6607012748718262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/light-emitting-diode","display_name":"Light-emitting diode","score":0.5064994096755981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.49946069717407227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-consumption","display_name":"Power consumption","score":0.4918225109577179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.47977906465530396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.44641199707984924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-telephony","display_name":"Mobile telephony","score":0.4418465793132782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-latency","display_name":"Low latency (capital markets)","score":0.4328491687774658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-device","display_name":"Mobile device","score":0.4180571138858795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3612430691719055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.2995080053806305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.23054805397987366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-radio","display_name":"Mobile radio","score":0.20401480793952942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1875937283039093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.10326516628265381}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160487672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1426313","display_name":"Visible light communication","level":3,"score":0.9804941415786743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.6764293313026428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6607012748718262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176666156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25504","display_name":"Light-emitting diode","level":2,"score":0.5064994096755981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.49946069717407227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984118289","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29954","display_name":"Power consumption","level":3,"score":0.4918225109577179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.47977906465530396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.44641199707984924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95491727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q992968","display_name":"Mobile telephony","level":3,"score":0.4418465793132782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46637626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6693015","display_name":"Low latency (capital markets)","level":2,"score":0.4328491687774658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186967261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5082128","display_name":"Mobile device","level":2,"score":0.4180571138858795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3612430691719055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.2995080053806305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.23054805397987366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781307350","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6887221","display_name":"Mobile radio","level":2,"score":0.20401480793952942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1875937283039093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.10326516628265381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ismict58261.2023.10152290","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ismict58261.2023.10152290","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE 17th International Symposium on Medical Information and Communication Technology (ISMICT)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:flore.unifi.it:2158/1329192","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2158/1329192","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402033","display_name":"Florence Research (University of Florence)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45084792","host_organization_name":"University of Florence","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.6600000262260437,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W287601870","https://openalex.org/W1501471787","https://openalex.org/W1505838992","https://openalex.org/W1967626711","https://openalex.org/W1977955359","https://openalex.org/W1995626081","https://openalex.org/W2026762332","https://openalex.org/W2061394591","https://openalex.org/W2100303002","https://openalex.org/W2113628443","https://openalex.org/W2125530501","https://openalex.org/W2134763065","https://openalex.org/W2236051444","https://openalex.org/W2289675839","https://openalex.org/W2296501166","https://openalex.org/W2379838048","https://openalex.org/W2546770274","https://openalex.org/W2586211620","https://openalex.org/W2587182866","https://openalex.org/W2741988388","https://openalex.org/W2760380147","https://openalex.org/W2779899518","https://openalex.org/W2791124749","https://openalex.org/W2933243715","https://openalex.org/W2942453805","https://openalex.org/W2952394310","https://openalex.org/W2991261866","https://openalex.org/W3009570207","https://openalex.org/W3009884131","https://openalex.org/W3044778743","https://openalex.org/W3087908625","https://openalex.org/W3089875883","https://openalex.org/W3116772708","https://openalex.org/W3124698234","https://openalex.org/W3128093517","https://openalex.org/W3158108599","https://openalex.org/W3197654297","https://openalex.org/W4213436860","https://openalex.org/W4283396932","https://openalex.org/W4290928150","https://openalex.org/W4290998118","https://openalex.org/W4308112723","https://openalex.org/W4308600690","https://openalex.org/W4312550281","https://openalex.org/W4313646859","https://openalex.org/W4323665383","https://openalex.org/W6657116739","https://openalex.org/W6686691721","https://openalex.org/W6761336956","https://openalex.org/W6774404572"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2501797479","https://openalex.org/W2997630107","https://openalex.org/W3109516991","https://openalex.org/W2291056487","https://openalex.org/W2395898055","https://openalex.org/W2779101090","https://openalex.org/W2289948051","https://openalex.org/W2076019005","https://openalex.org/W3111288590","https://openalex.org/W2982924454"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Visible":[0],"Light":[1],"Communication":[2],"(VLC)":[3],"technology":[4,84],"is":[5],"proposed":[6],"as":[7,92],"a":[8,31],"promising":[9,130],"solution":[10],"that":[11],"uses":[12],"light-emitting":[13],"diodes":[14],"(LEDs)":[15],"to":[16,113],"transmit":[17],"data":[18,70],"and":[19,38,79,98,127],"illumination":[20],"in":[21,63,88,104,125],"the":[22,26,55,118],"visible":[23],"portion":[24],"of":[25,59,65,117,121],"electromagnetic":[27],"spectrum.":[28],"VLC":[29,46,83,124],"offers":[30],"large":[32],"unlicensed":[33],"bandwidth,":[34],"high-speed":[35,93],"wireless":[36],"communication,":[37,51],"can":[39],"also":[40],"be":[41],"used":[42],"for":[43],"localization":[44],"purposes.":[45],"technology,":[47],"combined":[48],"with":[49],"RF":[50],"could":[52],"help":[53],"achieve":[54],"sixth":[56],"generation":[57],"(6G)":[58],"mobile":[60],"communication":[61],"targets":[62],"terms":[64],"low":[66,77],"power":[67],"consumption,":[68],"high":[69,72,80],"rate,":[71],"reliability,":[73],"massive":[74],"user":[75],"connectivity,":[76],"latency,":[78],"security.":[81],"While":[82],"has":[85],"been":[86],"explored":[87],"various":[89],"fields":[90],"such":[91],"internet":[94],"connection,":[95],"autonomous":[96],"driving,":[97],"positioning":[99],"systems,":[100],"its":[101,129],"potential":[102],"use":[103],"healthcare":[105,126],"applications":[106],"remains":[107],"relatively":[108],"unexplored.":[109],"The":[110],"paper":[111],"aims":[112],"provide":[114],"an":[115],"overview":[116],"current":[119],"state":[120],"research":[122],"on":[123],"highlights":[128],"potential.":[131]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}