{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4233205063","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ismar.2003.1240689","title":"Evaluating label placement for augmented reality view management","display_name":"Evaluating label placement for augmented reality view management","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4233205063","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ismar.2003.1240689"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ismar.2003.1240689","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ismar.2003.1240689","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Second IEEE and ACM International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality, 2003. Proceedings.","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054445163","display_name":"Ronald Azuma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6918-7203"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200576644","display_name":"HRL Laboratories (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05p7te762","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200576644"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"R. Azuma","raw_affiliation_strings":["HRL Laboratories LLC, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"HRL Laboratories LLC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200576644"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080354552","display_name":"Chris Furmanski","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200576644","display_name":"HRL Laboratories (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05p7te762","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200576644"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. Furmanski","raw_affiliation_strings":["HRL Laboratories LLC, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"HRL Laboratories LLC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200576644"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5054445163"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200576644"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.733,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":102,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91305194,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"66","last_page":"75"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10888","display_name":"Augmented Reality Applications","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10888","display_name":"Augmented Reality Applications","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11904","display_name":"Spatial Cognition and Navigation","score":0.9915000200271606,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11605","display_name":"Visual Attention and Saliency Detection","score":0.982200026512146,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.814980685710907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/readability","display_name":"Readability","score":0.7360442280769348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.5353320837020874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.5172001123428345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/augmented-reality","display_name":"Augmented reality","score":0.4852278232574463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-reality","display_name":"Virtual reality","score":0.4263087809085846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3769821226596832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.35562869906425476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3351145386695862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.24203848838806152}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.814980685710907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778143727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1820650","display_name":"Readability","level":2,"score":0.7360442280769348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.5353320837020874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.5172001123428345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153715457","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254183","display_name":"Augmented reality","level":2,"score":0.4852278232574463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194969405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170519","display_name":"Virtual reality","level":2,"score":0.4263087809085846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3769821226596832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.35562869906425476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3351145386695862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.24203848838806152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ismar.2003.1240689","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ismar.2003.1240689","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Second IEEE and ACM International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality, 2003. Proceedings.","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W52150595","https://openalex.org/W68259866","https://openalex.org/W185607468","https://openalex.org/W1527235285","https://openalex.org/W1988254700","https://openalex.org/W2001590643","https://openalex.org/W2022564930","https://openalex.org/W2024060531","https://openalex.org/W2030605379","https://openalex.org/W2076319002","https://openalex.org/W2099505330","https://openalex.org/W2102599910","https://openalex.org/W2105920795","https://openalex.org/W2122896223","https://openalex.org/W2139780773","https://openalex.org/W2141138580","https://openalex.org/W2147209308","https://openalex.org/W2169753586","https://openalex.org/W4232689116","https://openalex.org/W4232872613","https://openalex.org/W4244858778","https://openalex.org/W4290457325","https://openalex.org/W6602104972"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1964661231","https://openalex.org/W4254960163","https://openalex.org/W3110264473","https://openalex.org/W2032810564","https://openalex.org/W4378228679","https://openalex.org/W2736982640","https://openalex.org/W4378228262","https://openalex.org/W3107375852","https://openalex.org/W2752321621","https://openalex.org/W2789244453"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"View":[0],"management,":[1],"a":[2,38,65,79],"relatively":[3,122],"new":[4,110],"area":[5],"of":[6,18,37,46,82,102,127],"research":[7],"in":[8,22,32,136],"Augmented":[9],"Reality":[10],"(AR)":[11],"applications,":[12],"is":[13],"about":[14,53],"the":[15,23,29,44,103,114,131,147],"spatial":[16],"layout":[17],"2D":[19,47],"virtual":[20,48],"annotations":[21],"view":[24,40],"plane.":[25],"This":[26],"paper":[27],"represents":[28],"first":[30],"study":[31,92,133],"an":[33,89],"actual":[34],"AR":[35],"application":[36],"specific":[39],"management":[41],"task:":[42],"evaluating":[43],"placement":[45,62,69,117,156],"labels":[49,144],"that":[50,108,135,149],"identify":[51],"information":[52],"real":[54],"counterparts.":[55],"Here,":[56],"we":[57],"objectively":[58],"evaluated":[59],"four":[60],"different":[61],"algorithms,":[63],"including":[64],"novel":[66],"algorithm":[67],"for":[68],"based":[70],"on":[71],"identifying":[72],"existing":[73],"clusters.":[74],"The":[75,99],"evaluation":[76],"included":[77],"both":[78],"statistical":[80],"analysis":[81,101],"traditional":[83],"metrics":[84],"(e.g.":[85],"counting":[86],"overlaps)":[87],"and":[88],"empirical":[90],"user":[91,132],"guided":[93],"by":[94],"principles":[95],"from":[96,130],"human":[97,138],"cognition.":[98],"numerical":[100],"three":[104],"real-time":[105],"algorithms":[106,148],"revealed":[107],"our":[109],"cluster-based":[111],"method":[112],"recorded":[113],"best":[115],"average":[116],"accuracy":[118],"while":[119],"requiring":[120],"only":[121],"moderate":[123],"computation":[124],"time.":[125],"Measures":[126],"objective":[128],"readability":[129],"demonstrated":[134],"practice,":[137],"subjects":[139],"were":[140],"able":[141],"to":[142],"read":[143],"fastest":[145],"with":[146],"most":[150],"quickly":[151],"prevented":[152],"overlap,":[153],"even":[154],"if":[155],"wasn't":[157],"ideal.":[158]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
