{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3187164614","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/islped52811.2021.9502487","title":"Pho$: A Case for Shared Optical Cache Hierarchies","display_name":"Pho$: A Case for Shared Optical Cache Hierarchies","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-07-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3187164614","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/islped52811.2021.9502487","mag":"3187164614"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/islped52811.2021.9502487","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/islped52811.2021.9502487","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Low Power Electronics and Design (ISLPED)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069794226","display_name":"Haiyang Han","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6877-8930"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100400","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/00m6w7z96","country_code":"PH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100400"]}],"countries":["PH"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Haiyang Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["ECE, Northwestern University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ECE, Northwestern University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210100400"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108268623","display_name":"Theoni Alexoudi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21370196","display_name":"Aristotle University of Thessaloniki","ror":"https://ror.org/02j61yw88","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21370196"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Theoni Alexoudi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21370196"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040047191","display_name":"Christos Vagionas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9494-3840"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21370196","display_name":"Aristotle University of Thessaloniki","ror":"https://ror.org/02j61yw88","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21370196"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chris Vagionas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21370196"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063280455","display_name":"Nikos Pleros","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-4540"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21370196","display_name":"Aristotle University of Thessaloniki","ror":"https://ror.org/02j61yw88","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21370196"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nikos Pleros","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21370196"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077219627","display_name":"Nikos Hardavellas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1137-8100"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100400","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/00m6w7z96","country_code":"PH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100400"]}],"countries":["PH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nikos Hardavellas","raw_affiliation_strings":["CS & ECE, Northwestern University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CS & ECE, Northwestern University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210100400"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5069794226"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210100400"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4011,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.60203467,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"50","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10472","display_name":"Semiconductor materials and devices","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10472","display_name":"Semiconductor materials and devices","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10299","display_name":"Photonic and Optical Devices","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7686436176300049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cache","display_name":"Cache","score":0.6126410365104675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.5052099823951721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speedup","display_name":"Speedup","score":0.47693341970443726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/latency","display_name":"Latency (audio)","score":0.4316880702972412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture","display_name":"Architecture","score":0.41875821352005005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shared-memory","display_name":"Shared memory","score":0.41523250937461853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.4144092798233032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-architecture","display_name":"Computer architecture","score":0.3614596128463745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.34936797618865967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.24674510955810547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.12630721926689148}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7686436176300049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115537543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165596","display_name":"Cache","level":2,"score":0.6126410365104675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5052099823951721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68339613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1549489","display_name":"Speedup","level":2,"score":0.47693341970443726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82876162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17096504","display_name":"Latency (audio)","level":2,"score":0.4316880702972412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.41875821352005005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133875982","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q764810","display_name":"Shared memory","level":2,"score":0.41523250937461853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.4144092798233032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118524514","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173212","display_name":"Computer architecture","level":1,"score":0.3614596128463745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.34936797618865967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.24674510955810547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.12630721926689148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/islped52811.2021.9502487","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/islped52811.2021.9502487","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Low Power Electronics and Design (ISLPED)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.9100000262260437}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W35708471","https://openalex.org/W1977393666","https://openalex.org/W1983096721","https://openalex.org/W1990461338","https://openalex.org/W2003831946","https://openalex.org/W2028937968","https://openalex.org/W2038509324","https://openalex.org/W2038765177","https://openalex.org/W2052967542","https://openalex.org/W2083068032","https://openalex.org/W2092535517","https://openalex.org/W2104989962","https://openalex.org/W2119565088","https://openalex.org/W2127795402","https://openalex.org/W2128784961","https://openalex.org/W2154001575","https://openalex.org/W2162082016","https://openalex.org/W2170382128","https://openalex.org/W2404376351","https://openalex.org/W2482734061","https://openalex.org/W2581644107","https://openalex.org/W2605448797","https://openalex.org/W2748014115","https://openalex.org/W2807346345","https://openalex.org/W2901123430","https://openalex.org/W3027411045","https://openalex.org/W3150685302","https://openalex.org/W4292169167","https://openalex.org/W6743416811"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1784146144","https://openalex.org/W2582456645","https://openalex.org/W2391299576","https://openalex.org/W1616582327","https://openalex.org/W2020582711","https://openalex.org/W1507204039","https://openalex.org/W2031026393","https://openalex.org/W1498943610","https://openalex.org/W1531780705","https://openalex.org/W2051246013"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Conventional":[0],"electronic":[1,39,86,109],"memory":[2,13,74],"hierarchies":[3],"are":[4],"intrinsically":[5],"limited":[6],"in":[7],"their":[8],"ability":[9],"to":[10,16,30,53,61,159],"overcome":[11],"the":[12,42,58,108,112,148],"wall":[14],"due":[15],"scaling":[17],"constraints.":[18],"Optical":[19],"caches":[20,87],"and":[21,27,33,104,111,137],"interconnects":[22],"can":[23],"mitigate":[24],"these":[25],"constraints,":[26],"enable":[28],"processors":[29],"reach":[31,54],"performance":[32,132],"energy":[34],"efficiency":[35],"unattainable":[36],"by":[37],"purely":[38],"means.":[40],"However,":[41],"promised":[43],"benefits":[44],"cannot":[45],"be":[46,62],"realized":[47],"through":[48],"a":[49,89],"simple":[50],"replacement":[51],"process;":[52],"its":[55],"full":[56],"potential,":[57],"architecture":[59,76],"needs":[60],"holistically":[63],"redesigned.":[64],"This":[65],"paper":[66],"proposes":[67],"$\\text":[68,79,124],"{":[69,80,125],"Pho\\$":[70,81,126],"}$,":[71],"an":[72],"opto-electronic":[73],"hierarchy":[75],"for":[77,151],"multicores.":[78],"}$":[82,127],"replaces":[83],"conventional":[84,145],"coreprivate":[85],"with":[88,95],"large":[90],"shared":[91,113],"optical":[92,96,100,114,118,149,163],"L1":[93,115],"built":[94],"SRAMs.":[97],"A":[98],"novel":[99],"NoC":[101,150,164],"provides":[102],"low-latency":[103],"high-bandwidth":[105],"communication":[106,153],"between":[107],"cores":[110],"at":[116],"low":[117],"loss.":[119],"Our":[120],"results":[121],"show":[122],"that":[123],"achieves":[128],"on":[129],"average":[130],"$1.41\\times$":[131],"speedup":[133],"$(3.89":[134],"\\times":[135],"\\max)$":[136],"31%":[138],"lower":[139],"energy-delay":[140],"product":[141],"(90%":[142],"max)":[143],"against":[144],"designs.":[146],"Moreover,":[147],"core-cache":[152],"consumes":[154],"70%":[155],"less":[156],"power":[157],"compared":[158],"directly":[160],"applying":[161],"previously-proposed":[162],"architectures.":[165]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
