{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4214572442","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/islped.2013.6629283","title":"Semiconductor spintronics: Switching spins at low voltage","display_name":"Semiconductor spintronics: Switching spins at low voltage","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4214572442","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/islped.2013.6629283"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/islped.2013.6629283","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/islped.2013.6629283","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Symposium on Low Power Electronics and Design (ISLPED)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077990724","display_name":"Gian Salis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6263-4517"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126328","display_name":"IBM Research - Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/02js37d36","country_code":"CH","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210114115","https://openalex.org/I4210126328"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"G. Salis","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Research-Zurich, Ruschlikon, Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Research-Zurich, Ruschlikon, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126328"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5077990724"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126328"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.30056594,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10382","display_name":"Quantum and electron transport phenomena","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10382","display_name":"Quantum and electron transport phenomena","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10472","display_name":"Semiconductor materials and devices","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10049","display_name":"Magnetic properties of thin films","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spintronics","display_name":"Spintronics","score":0.939856767654419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spin-transistor","display_name":"Spin transistor","score":0.7569191455841064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spinplasmonics","display_name":"Spinplasmonics","score":0.7061539888381958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spin-pumping","display_name":"Spin pumping","score":0.5991567373275757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spins","display_name":"Spins","score":0.5477421283721924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spin-hall-effect","display_name":"Spin Hall effect","score":0.5279789566993713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spin-engineering","display_name":"Spin engineering","score":0.4998908042907715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.46716630458831787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spin","display_name":"Spin (aerodynamics)","score":0.44185173511505127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spin-polarization","display_name":"Spin polarization","score":0.4312831163406372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/condensed-matter-physics","display_name":"Condensed matter physics","score":0.3039795160293579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electron","display_name":"Electron","score":0.27068817615509033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-mechanics","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","score":0.14347133040428162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ferromagnetism","display_name":"Ferromagnetism","score":0.08357879519462585}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207999682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q258659","display_name":"Spintronics","level":3,"score":0.939856767654419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76790566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q280841","display_name":"Spin transistor","level":5,"score":0.7569191455841064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62850752","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966780","display_name":"Spinplasmonics","level":5,"score":0.7061539888381958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166739702","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7577412","display_name":"Spin pumping","level":5,"score":0.5991567373275757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778870898","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7577658","display_name":"Spins","level":2,"score":0.5477421283721924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155194400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q456437","display_name":"Spin Hall effect","level":4,"score":0.5279789566993713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150365167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7577404","display_name":"Spin engineering","level":4,"score":0.4998908042907715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.46716630458831787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42704618","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q910917","display_name":"Spin (aerodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.44185173511505127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21690051","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q962347","display_name":"Spin polarization","level":3,"score":0.4312831163406372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26873012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214781","display_name":"Condensed matter physics","level":1,"score":0.3039795160293579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147120987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2225","display_name":"Electron","level":2,"score":0.27068817615509033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.14347133040428162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82217956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184207","display_name":"Ferromagnetism","level":2,"score":0.08357879519462585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/islped.2013.6629283","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/islped.2013.6629283","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Symposium on Low Power Electronics and Design (ISLPED)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8999999761581421,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2548735074","https://openalex.org/W4298218858","https://openalex.org/W245362770","https://openalex.org/W3016975916","https://openalex.org/W2766296098","https://openalex.org/W1945785536","https://openalex.org/W2006211195","https://openalex.org/W1634644364","https://openalex.org/W2059892508","https://openalex.org/W3045522578"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,52],"emerging":[1],"ability":[2],"to":[3,13,86,160,188,211,238],"measure":[4],"and":[5,34,182,198],"control":[6],"electron":[7,43],"spins":[8,18,236,283],"in":[9,32,124,147,214,284],"nano-structured":[10],"materials":[11],"down":[12],"the":[14,21,24,42,75,78,87,96,101,111,134,141,177,190,195,206,215,235,242,253,258,295,298],"level":[15],"of":[16,23,27,55,74,100,114,136,179,208,282],"single":[17],"is":[19,45,49,60,107,116,187,229,261,301],"at":[20,257],"heart":[22],"research":[25],"field":[26],"spintronics,":[28],"with":[29,67,289],"potential":[30],"applications":[31,149],"logic":[33,40,131,148],"quantum":[35,287],"computation.":[36],"In":[37],"current":[38,171],"semiconductor-based":[39],"devices,":[41],"spin":[44,112,145,155,163,180,196,209,216,227,244,254,265,299],"a":[46,56,64,70,81,92,104,127,162,166],"quantity":[47],"that":[48,278],"mostly":[50],"neglected.":[51],"switching":[53,79,281],"functionality":[54],"conventional":[57],"field-effect":[58],"transistor":[59],"based":[61,269],"on":[62,95,270,297],"charging":[63],"channel":[65],"region":[66],"electrons.":[68],"For":[69],"given":[71],"on/off":[72],"ratio":[73],"source-drain":[76],"current,":[77],"requires":[80,205],"minimum":[82],"voltage":[83],"swing":[84],"related":[85],"thermal":[88],"energy,":[89],"which":[90,203],"sets":[91],"lower":[93],"limit":[94],"active":[97],"power":[98],"consumption":[99],"device.":[102],"Such":[103],"principal":[105],"limitation":[106],"not":[108],"present":[109],"if":[110],"direction":[113],"electrons":[115],"switched.":[117],"This":[118],"observation":[119],"has":[120],"triggered":[121],"huge":[122],"interest":[123],"spintronics":[125,138,219],"as":[126,165],"low-power":[128],"alternative":[129,185],"for":[130,143,169,176,263],"devices.":[132],"With":[133],"example":[135],"existing":[137],"device":[139,220],"concept,":[140],"challenges":[142],"using":[144],"switches":[146],"will":[150,247,275],"be":[151,239,276],"discussed.":[152],"Very":[153],"large":[154],"filtering":[156],"efficiencies":[157],"are":[158],"needed":[159,262],"use":[161],"switch":[164],"drop-in":[167],"replacement":[168],"FET-based":[170],"switches,":[172],"setting":[173],"demanding":[174],"requirements":[175],"processes":[178],"injection":[181],"detection.":[183],"An":[184],"approach":[186],"encode":[189],"digital":[191],"information":[192],"directly":[193],"into":[194],"state":[197],"omit":[199],"excess":[200],"spin-to-charge":[201],"conversion,":[202],"however":[204],"development":[207],"amplification":[210],"achieve":[212],"gain":[213],"domain.":[217],"Many":[218],"concepts":[221],"comprise":[222],"nonmagnetic":[223],"regions":[224],"where":[225,294],"non-equilibrium":[226],"polarization":[228],"switched":[230],"by":[231],"electrical":[232,264],"fields.":[233],"There,":[234],"have":[237],"processed":[240],"within":[241],"respective":[243],"lifetime.":[245],"We":[246],"discuss":[248],"how":[249],"spinorbit":[250],"interaction":[251,293],"limits":[252],"lifetime":[255,300],"but":[256],"same":[259],"time":[260],"switching.":[266],"Experimental":[267],"results":[268],"time-resolved":[271],"magneto-optical":[272],"Kerr":[273],"rotation":[274],"shown":[277],"demonstrate":[279],"fast":[280],"GaAs-based":[285],"semiconductor":[286],"structures":[288],"specially":[290],"engineered":[291],"spin-orbit":[292],"influence":[296],"lifted.":[302]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}