{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3128577869","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isit45174.2021.9517766","title":"Impact of Data Processing on Fairness in Supervised Learning","display_name":"Impact of Data Processing on Fairness in Supervised Learning","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-07-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3128577869","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isit45174.2021.9517766","mag":"3128577869"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/isit45174.2021.9517766","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isit45174.2021.9517766","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory (ISIT)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2102.01867","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045270609","display_name":"Sajad Khodadadian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5197-4652"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sajad Khodadadian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Georgia Institute of Technology,H. Milton Stewart School Of Industrial And Systems Engineering","#N#\u2021#N#Georgia Institute of Technology#N#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Georgia Institute of Technology,H. Milton Stewart School Of Industrial And Systems Engineering","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"#N#\u2021#N#Georgia Institute of Technology#N#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078609284","display_name":"AmirEmad Ghassami","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0460-2231"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"AmirEmad Ghassami","raw_affiliation_strings":["Johns Hopkins University,Department of Computer Science","Johns Hopkins University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johns Hopkins University,Department of Computer Science","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johns Hopkins University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012789968","display_name":"Negar Kiyavash","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8545-7709"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5124864","display_name":"\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne","ror":"https://ror.org/02s376052","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I5124864"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Negar Kiyavash","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Management of Technology, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)","\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne,"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Management of Technology, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5124864"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5124864"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5045270609"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.02415436,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"2643","last_page":"2648"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10883","display_name":"Ethics and Social Impacts of AI","score":0.9750000238418579,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10883","display_name":"Ethics and Social Impacts of AI","score":0.9750000238418579,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7399202585220337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-processing","display_name":"Data processing","score":0.5712506771087646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-processing","display_name":"Image processing","score":0.5117552280426025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.45078954100608826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/measure","display_name":"Measure (data warehouse)","score":0.4402436316013336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.40659159421920776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3810713291168213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3177487254142761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.11210495233535767}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7399202585220337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138827492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6661985","display_name":"Data processing","level":2,"score":0.5712506771087646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9417928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070689","display_name":"Image processing","level":3,"score":0.5117552280426025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.45078954100608826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780009758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804172","display_name":"Measure (data warehouse)","level":2,"score":0.4402436316013336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.40659159421920776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3810713291168213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3177487254142761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.11210495233535767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/isit45174.2021.9517766","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isit45174.2021.9517766","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory (ISIT)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2102.01867","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2102.01867","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2102.01867","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:infoscience.epfl.ch:289913","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://infoscience.epfl.ch/handle/20.500.14299/182844","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400487","display_name":"Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"WoS","raw_type":"conference proceedings"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2102.01867","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2102.01867","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"mag:3128577869","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2102.01867","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2102.01867","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2102.01867","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.5600000023841858,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4350451240","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CCF 17-04970,CCF 16-17286","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W152055444","https://openalex.org/W1593806347","https://openalex.org/W1762430620","https://openalex.org/W1979769549","https://openalex.org/W2014352947","https://openalex.org/W2077145963","https://openalex.org/W2097246321","https://openalex.org/W2116666691","https://openalex.org/W2116984840","https://openalex.org/W2147427185","https://openalex.org/W2166454173","https://openalex.org/W2343097824","https://openalex.org/W2530395818","https://openalex.org/W2584805976","https://openalex.org/W2594166818","https://openalex.org/W2599025709","https://openalex.org/W2732560823","https://openalex.org/W2765308317","https://openalex.org/W2788481061","https://openalex.org/W2796210517","https://openalex.org/W2920058944","https://openalex.org/W2947204321","https://openalex.org/W2963100392","https://openalex.org/W2963116854","https://openalex.org/W2963174898","https://openalex.org/W2963290659","https://openalex.org/W2963327716","https://openalex.org/W2963535017","https://openalex.org/W2964096198","https://openalex.org/W2964261743","https://openalex.org/W2982563701","https://openalex.org/W3006317386","https://openalex.org/W3123374861","https://openalex.org/W4293404332","https://openalex.org/W6638208828","https://openalex.org/W6728551298","https://openalex.org/W6734300861","https://openalex.org/W6740797850","https://openalex.org/W6745259207","https://openalex.org/W6748377460","https://openalex.org/W6748382702","https://openalex.org/W6760091804","https://openalex.org/W6762749723","https://openalex.org/W6769527715","https://openalex.org/W6774071446","https://openalex.org/W6790180341","https://openalex.org/W6843013015","https://openalex.org/W7014198846"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2885414621","https://openalex.org/W2963174898","https://openalex.org/W3212435167","https://openalex.org/W2606013986","https://openalex.org/W2905029197","https://openalex.org/W2962951800","https://openalex.org/W2972124466","https://openalex.org/W3179976352","https://openalex.org/W2809701591","https://openalex.org/W3167556547","https://openalex.org/W3165183807","https://openalex.org/W3210973725","https://openalex.org/W2898010715","https://openalex.org/W3176890135","https://openalex.org/W3027956846","https://openalex.org/W1759842886","https://openalex.org/W2963548222","https://openalex.org/W3182498149","https://openalex.org/W2950171659","https://openalex.org/W2292365397"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,15,90],"study":[1],"the":[2,18,48,66,105,109,112],"impact":[3],"of":[4,77,108],"pre":[5,117],"and":[6,23,29,80,87,118,127],"postprocessing":[7,73,86,119],"for":[8,33,115],"reducing":[9],"discrimination":[10,110],"in":[11,25,65,75],"data-driven":[12],"decision":[13],"makers.":[14],"first":[16],"analyze":[17],"fundamental":[19,55],"trade-off":[20],"between":[21],"fairness":[22,81],"accuracy":[24,79],"a":[26,31,34,39,54,124],"preprocessing":[27,35,88,97],"approach,":[28],"propose":[30],"design":[32],"module":[36],"based":[37],"on":[38,58],"convex":[40],"optimization":[41,113],"program,":[42],"which":[43,83],"can":[44,129],"be":[45,130],"added":[46],"before":[47],"original":[49],"classifier.":[50],"This":[51],"leads":[52],"to":[53,123],"lower":[56],"bound":[57],"attainable":[59],"discrimination,":[60],"given":[61],"any":[62],"acceptable":[63],"distortion":[64],"outcome.":[67],"Furthermore,":[68],"we":[69,101],"reformulate":[70],"an":[71],"existing":[72],"method":[74],"terms":[76],"our":[78],"measures,":[82],"allows":[84],"comparing":[85],"approaches.":[89],"show":[91,102],"that":[92,103],"under":[93],"some":[94],"mild":[95],"conditions,":[96],"outperforms":[98],"postprocessing.":[99],"Finally,":[100],"by":[104],"appropriate":[106],"choice":[107],"measure,":[111],"problem":[114],"both":[116],"approaches":[120],"will":[121],"reduce":[122],"linear":[125],"program":[126],"hence":[128],"solved":[131],"efficiently.":[132]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}