{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1915742501","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isit.2015.7282957","title":"Approaching maximum embedding efficiency on small covers using Staircase-Generator codes","display_name":"Approaching maximum embedding efficiency on small covers using Staircase-Generator codes","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1915742501","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isit.2015.7282957","mag":"1915742501"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/isit.2015.7282957","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isit.2015.7282957","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory (ISIT)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1508.02284","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069174411","display_name":"Simona Samardjiska","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76245029","display_name":"Saints Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje","ror":"https://ror.org/02wk2vx54","country_code":"MK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76245029"]}],"countries":["MK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Simona Samardjiska","raw_affiliation_strings":["FCSE, Ss Cyril and Methodius University, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia","FCSE, \u201cSs Cyril and Methodius\u201d University, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"FCSE, Ss Cyril and Methodius University, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76245029"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"FCSE, \u201cSs Cyril and Methodius\u201d University, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76245029"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011632840","display_name":"Danilo Gligoroski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7078-6139"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204778367","display_name":"Norwegian University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xg72x27","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204778367"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210105718","display_name":"Trondheim Kommune","ror":"https://ror.org/01gjtys23","country_code":"NO","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210105718"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Danilo Gligoroski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Trondheim, NO","Department of Telematics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim - Norway"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Trondheim, NO","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210105718"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Telematics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim - Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204778367"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5069174411"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76245029"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.03858369,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":null,"first_page":"2752","last_page":"2756"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11130","display_name":"Coding theory and cryptography","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11130","display_name":"Coding theory and cryptography","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12162","display_name":"Cellular Automata and Applications","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10796","display_name":"Cooperative Communication and Network Coding","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generator-matrix","display_name":"Generator matrix","score":0.815453052520752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code-word","display_name":"Code word","score":0.7476521134376526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.6629385948181152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parity-check-matrix","display_name":"Parity-check matrix","score":0.6134068369865417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedding","display_name":"Embedding","score":0.5756001472473145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block-code","display_name":"Block code","score":0.5607988238334656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-code","display_name":"Linear code","score":0.5509499907493591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4767797291278839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matrix","display_name":"Matrix (chemical analysis)","score":0.46450042724609375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generator","display_name":"Generator (circuit theory)","score":0.45405513048171997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","score":0.435295432806015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.43198078870773315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-number","display_name":"Binary number","score":0.43008098006248474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4253345727920532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-mathematics","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","score":0.3862408697605133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3200575113296509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.31747668981552124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arithmetic","display_name":"Arithmetic","score":0.2704741954803467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.1284233033657074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.06701961159706116}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1842014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1502046","display_name":"Generator matrix","level":3,"score":0.815453052520752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153207627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q863873","display_name":"Code word","level":3,"score":0.7476521134376526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.6629385948181152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95925971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3100414","display_name":"Parity-check matrix","level":4,"score":0.6134068369865417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.5756001472473145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157125643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q884707","display_name":"Block code","level":3,"score":0.5607988238334656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2400350","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1752667","display_name":"Linear code","level":4,"score":0.5509499907493591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4767797291278839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106487976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q685816","display_name":"Matrix (chemical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.46450042724609375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780992000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17016113","display_name":"Generator (circuit theory)","level":3,"score":0.45405513048171997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777210771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927124","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","level":2,"score":0.435295432806015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.43198078870773315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48372109","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3913","display_name":"Binary number","level":2,"score":0.43008098006248474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4253345727920532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.3862408697605133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3200575113296509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.31747668981552124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.2704741954803467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.1284233033657074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.06701961159706116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/isit.2015.7282957","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isit.2015.7282957","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory (ISIT)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1508.02284","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1508.02284","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1508.02284","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:1915742501","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://export.arxiv.org/pdf/1508.02284","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.1508.02284","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1508.02284","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1508.02284","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1508.02284","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1508.02284","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1915742501.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1915742501.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1527181506","https://openalex.org/W1568107467","https://openalex.org/W1965064373","https://openalex.org/W1976677460","https://openalex.org/W1993079896","https://openalex.org/W1993419762","https://openalex.org/W2009715451","https://openalex.org/W2024382275","https://openalex.org/W2051305428","https://openalex.org/W2061302090","https://openalex.org/W2097435234","https://openalex.org/W2136319083","https://openalex.org/W2147900906","https://openalex.org/W2148808559","https://openalex.org/W2150163777","https://openalex.org/W2809176256","https://openalex.org/W6631322008","https://openalex.org/W6676145061"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2038504436","https://openalex.org/W2800805056","https://openalex.org/W2952018999","https://openalex.org/W1547086409","https://openalex.org/W751607081","https://openalex.org/W2962838571","https://openalex.org/W2963014435","https://openalex.org/W2340159037","https://openalex.org/W3207459428","https://openalex.org/W107210492","https://openalex.org/W1616534502","https://openalex.org/W2999217642","https://openalex.org/W2107446278","https://openalex.org/W2367772226","https://openalex.org/W2365972898","https://openalex.org/W3154995459","https://openalex.org/W2950272474","https://openalex.org/W2116844467","https://openalex.org/W3187534145","https://openalex.org/W2952781894"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,30,50],"introduce":[1],"a":[2,42,46],"new":[3],"family":[4],"of":[5,17,26,55,60,81,90,101],"binary":[6],"linear":[7],"codes":[8,19,39,74],"suitable":[9],"for":[10,37,70,85],"steganographic":[11],"matrix":[12,71],"embedding.":[13],"The":[14],"main":[15],"characteristic":[16],"the":[18,21,27,38,56,61,77,82,88,105],"is":[20,96],"staircase":[22],"random":[23,48],"block":[24],"structure":[25],"generator":[28],"matrix.":[29],"propose":[31],"an":[32,99],"efficient":[33],"list":[34],"decoding":[35,62],"algorithm":[36],"that":[40],"finds":[41],"close":[43],"codeword":[44],"to":[45],"given":[47],"word.":[49],"provide":[51],"both":[52],"theoretical":[53,79],"analysis":[54],"performance":[57],"and":[58],"stability":[59],"algorithm,":[63],"as":[64,66],"well":[65],"practical":[67],"results.":[68],"Used":[69],"embedding,":[72],"these":[73],"achieve":[75],"almost":[76],"upper":[78],"bound":[80],"embedding":[83],"efficiency":[84],"covers":[86],"in":[87,108],"range":[89],"1000":[91],"\u2013":[92],"1500":[93],"bits,":[94],"which":[95],"at":[97],"least":[98],"order":[100],"magnitude":[102],"smaller":[103],"than":[104],"values":[106],"reported":[107],"related":[109],"works.":[110]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}