{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2161601199","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isit.2010.5513382","title":"Hybrid free-space optical and radio-frequency communications: Outage analysis","display_name":"Hybrid free-space optical and radio-frequency communications: Outage analysis","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2161601199","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isit.2010.5513382","mag":"2161601199"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/isit.2010.5513382","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isit.2010.5513382","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2010 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029714738","display_name":"Nick Letzepis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0374-2109"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170239107","display_name":"University of South Australia","ror":"https://ror.org/01p93h210","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170239107"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Nick Letzepis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Telecommunications Research, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Telecommunications Research, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170239107"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060086486","display_name":"Khoa D. Nguyen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6406-0932"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170239107","display_name":"University of South Australia","ror":"https://ror.org/01p93h210","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170239107"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Khoa D. Nguyen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Telecommunications Research, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Telecommunications Research, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170239107"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005125538","display_name":"Albert Guill\u00e9n i F\u00e0bregas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2795-1124"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Albert Guillen i Fabregas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055076053","display_name":"William G. Cowley","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0477-919X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170239107","display_name":"University of South Australia","ror":"https://ror.org/01p93h210","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170239107"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William G. Cowley","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Telecommunications Research, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Telecommunications Research, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170239107"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5029714738"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170239107"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2941,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.66616245,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"2048","last_page":"2052"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":0.9957000017166138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10232","display_name":"Optical Network Technologies","score":0.9929999709129333,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fading","display_name":"Fading","score":0.840831995010376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter","display_name":"Transmitter","score":0.7135460376739502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6329448819160461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel-state-information","display_name":"Channel state information","score":0.6292514801025391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.5498405694961548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scintillation","display_name":"Scintillation","score":0.5443390011787415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-to-noise-ratio","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","score":0.4700542688369751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4493190050125122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-frequency","display_name":"Radio frequency","score":0.4457451105117798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.36752140522003174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.35135018825531006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.25364577770233154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.11964157223701477}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81978471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196572","display_name":"Fading","level":3,"score":0.840831995010376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.7135460376739502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6329448819160461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148063708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5072511","display_name":"Channel state information","level":3,"score":0.6292514801025391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.5498405694961548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102637530","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3078889","display_name":"Scintillation","level":3,"score":0.5443390011787415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13944312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512748","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","level":2,"score":0.4700542688369751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4493190050125122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74064498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3396184","display_name":"Radio frequency","level":2,"score":0.4457451105117798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.36752140522003174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.35135018825531006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.25364577770233154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.11964157223701477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/isit.2010.5513382","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isit.2010.5513382","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2010 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:generic.eprints.org:323877","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://publications.eng.cam.ac.uk/323877/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922847","display_name":"Cambridge University Engineering Department Publications Database","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference or Workshop Item"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1531234551","https://openalex.org/W1556909464","https://openalex.org/W1593770573","https://openalex.org/W2099111195","https://openalex.org/W2100255039","https://openalex.org/W2100366181","https://openalex.org/W2107475202","https://openalex.org/W2107686008","https://openalex.org/W2111616148","https://openalex.org/W2124198304","https://openalex.org/W2125366455","https://openalex.org/W2139703631","https://openalex.org/W2150463696","https://openalex.org/W2159604024","https://openalex.org/W2164962185","https://openalex.org/W2166093737","https://openalex.org/W2296319761","https://openalex.org/W2970903405","https://openalex.org/W4250589301","https://openalex.org/W4300450205","https://openalex.org/W6631791869","https://openalex.org/W7051636676"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2916905020","https://openalex.org/W1931943713","https://openalex.org/W301676527","https://openalex.org/W2103028776","https://openalex.org/W1757854673","https://openalex.org/W3140554627","https://openalex.org/W2507345605","https://openalex.org/W4289865786","https://openalex.org/W2110670012","https://openalex.org/W2051005918"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,21,150],"study":[1,67],"hybrid":[2],"free-space":[3],"optical":[4,17],"(FSO)":[5],"and":[6,18,56,94,117,119,134,165],"radio-frequency":[7],"(RF)":[8],"communications,":[9],"whereby":[10],"information":[11,91],"is":[12,31,46,111,145],"conveyed":[13],"simultaneously":[14],"using":[15],"both":[16,26,114],"RF":[19],"carriers.":[20,62],"consider":[22,80,105],"the":[23,60,68,72,81,85,96,106,115,121,128,158,162,171],"case":[24,82,107],"where":[25],"carriers":[27],"experience":[28],"scintillation,":[29],"which":[30,144],"a":[32,153],"slow":[33],"fading":[34],"process":[35],"compared":[36],"to":[37,132],"typical":[38],"data":[39],"rates.":[40],"A":[41],"parallel":[42],"block-fading":[43],"channel":[44,89],"model":[45],"proposed,":[47],"that":[48,126,156],"incorporates":[49],"differences":[50],"in":[51,71,147],"signalling":[52],"rates,":[53],"power":[54,123,136,168],"scaling":[55],"scintillation":[57,101],"models":[58],"between":[59],"two":[61],"Under":[63],"this":[64],"framework,":[65],"we":[66,79,104],"outage":[69,129],"probability":[70,130],"large":[73],"signal-to-noise":[74],"ratio":[75],"(SNR)":[76],"regime.":[77],"First":[78],"when":[83,108],"only":[84],"receiver":[86,116],"has":[87],"perfect":[88,109],"state":[90],"(CSIR":[92],"case)":[93],"obtain":[95],"SNR":[97],"exponent":[98],"for":[99],"general":[100],"distributions.":[102],"Then":[103],"CSI":[110],"known":[112],"at":[113],"transmitter,":[118],"derive":[120],"optimal":[122,139,163],"allocation":[124],"strategy":[125],"minimises":[127],"subject":[131],"peak":[133],"average":[135],"constraints.":[137],"The":[138],"solution":[140],"involves":[141],"non-convex":[142],"optimisation,":[143],"intractable":[146],"practical":[148],"systems.":[149],"therefore":[151],"propose":[152],"suboptimal":[154],"algorithm":[155],"achieves":[157],"same":[159],"diversity":[160],"as":[161],"one":[164],"provides":[166],"significant":[167],"savings":[169],"(on":[170],"order":[172],"of":[173,175],"tens":[174],"dBs)":[176],"over":[177],"uniform":[178],"allocation.":[179]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
