{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2138116335","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isit.2009.5205905","title":"On truth, belief and knowledge","display_name":"On truth, belief and knowledge","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2138116335","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isit.2009.5205905","mag":"2138116335"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/isit.2009.5205905","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isit.2009.5205905","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013181184","display_name":"Flemming Tops\u00f8e","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I124055696","display_name":"University of Copenhagen","ror":"https://ror.org/035b05819","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124055696"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Flemming Topsoe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark","Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Denmark"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124055696"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124055696"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5013181184"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124055696"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4808,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.67225872,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":null,"first_page":"139","last_page":"143"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12261","display_name":"Statistical Mechanics and Entropy","score":0.9921000003814697,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12261","display_name":"Statistical Mechanics and Entropy","score":0.9921000003814697,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14394","display_name":"Cognitive Science and Education Research","score":0.9503999948501587,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/divergence","display_name":"Divergence (linguistics)","score":0.5648407340049744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epistemology","display_name":"Epistemology","score":0.5558440089225769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5007634162902832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entropy","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","score":0.4715433418750763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognition","display_name":"Cognition","score":0.4698663651943207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-theory","display_name":"Information theory","score":0.4476102590560913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","score":0.43682193756103516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-science","display_name":"Cognitive science","score":0.37909507751464844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3174618184566498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2623528242111206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.2064530849456787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy","display_name":"Philosophy","score":0.17380362749099731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.08118528127670288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.07779690623283386}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207390915","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1230525","display_name":"Divergence (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5648407340049744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.5558440089225769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5007634162902832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106301342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4117933","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","level":2,"score":0.4715433418750763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.4698663651943207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622258","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131222","display_name":"Information theory","level":2,"score":0.4476102590560913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.43682193756103516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188147891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q147638","display_name":"Cognitive science","level":1,"score":0.37909507751464844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3174618184566498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2623528242111206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.2064530849456787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.17380362749099731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.08118528127670288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.07779690623283386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/isit.2009.5205905","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isit.2009.5205905","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.377.5300","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.377.5300","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.math.ku.dk/~topsoe/isit2009arxivft1.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.49000000953674316,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W4839462","https://openalex.org/W56012926","https://openalex.org/W256798830","https://openalex.org/W1573082642","https://openalex.org/W1593125407","https://openalex.org/W1619097585","https://openalex.org/W1963936124","https://openalex.org/W1968280862","https://openalex.org/W1983874169","https://openalex.org/W1995875735","https://openalex.org/W2018490621","https://openalex.org/W2032558547","https://openalex.org/W2078210981","https://openalex.org/W2165732266","https://openalex.org/W2263958071","https://openalex.org/W2911494352","https://openalex.org/W2993383518","https://openalex.org/W3104264842","https://openalex.org/W4252028749","https://openalex.org/W4299909159","https://openalex.org/W6600189681","https://openalex.org/W7043755578"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W291937575","https://openalex.org/W2075237332","https://openalex.org/W2061278088","https://openalex.org/W2163103544","https://openalex.org/W3039080452","https://openalex.org/W3033899355","https://openalex.org/W3025482071","https://openalex.org/W4210452449","https://openalex.org/W2921877942","https://openalex.org/W2055254734"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Truth,":[0],"belief":[1,97],"and":[2,26,44,66,85,98,123,129,131],"knowledge":[3],"are":[4,32,46,59,105],"important":[5],"aspects":[6],"of":[7,11,40,42,56,69],"the":[8,15,54,67,82,86,111],"overall":[9],"concept":[10],"information.":[12],"Speculating":[13],"over":[14],"possible":[16],"connections":[17],"between":[18,95],"these":[19],"entities,":[20],"new":[21],"concepts":[22,102,113],"come":[23],"up":[24],"naturally":[25],"also,":[27],"specific":[28,101],"relationships":[29],"among":[30],"them":[31],"derived.":[33],"In":[34],"particular,":[35],"a":[36,60,70],"relatively":[37],"narrow":[38],"class":[39],"measures":[41],"entropy":[43],"divergence":[45],"isolated":[47],"which":[48,57,90,103],"have":[49],"special":[50],"interpretations":[51],"related":[52,114],"to":[53,115],"world":[55,65,68],"we":[58],"part.":[61],"The":[62,100],"classical":[63],"Shannon":[64,116],"black":[71],"hole":[72],"may":[73],"be":[74],"conceived":[75],"as":[76],"extreme":[77],"examples.":[78],"Emphasis":[79],"is":[80],"on":[81],"underlying":[83],"philosophy":[84],"resulting":[87],"cognitive":[88],"paradigm":[89],"allows":[91],"for":[92],"an":[93],"interaction":[94],"truth,":[96],"knowledge.":[99],"emerge":[104],"basically":[106],"known":[107],"and,":[108],"apart":[109],"from":[110],"central":[112],"theory,":[117],"they":[118],"were":[119],"introduced":[120],"by":[121,125,127,132],"Havrda":[122],"Charvat,":[124],"Daroczy,":[126],"Lindhard":[128],"Nielsen":[130],"Tsallis.":[133]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}