{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2068332193","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isit.2007.4557581","title":"Upper and Lower Bounds on the Capacity of Wireless Optical Intensity Channels","display_name":"Upper and Lower Bounds on the Capacity of Wireless Optical Intensity Channels","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2068332193","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isit.2007.4557581","mag":"2068332193"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/isit.2007.4557581","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isit.2007.4557581","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2007 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062333654","display_name":"Ahmed A. Farid","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2457-5979"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98251732","display_name":"McMaster University","ror":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98251732"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmed A. Farid","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department Electrical and Computer Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ONT, Canada","McMaster University, Hamilton"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department Electrical and Computer Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ONT, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98251732"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"McMaster University, Hamilton","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98251732"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091612000","display_name":"Steve Hranilovic","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0308-2489"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98251732","display_name":"McMaster University","ror":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98251732"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Steve Hranilovic","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department Electrical and Computer Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ONT, Canada","McMaster University, Hamilton"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department Electrical and Computer Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ONT, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98251732"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"McMaster University, Hamilton","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98251732"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98251732"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.9876,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":33,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97801409,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"2416","last_page":"2420"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10767","display_name":"Advanced Photonic Communication Systems","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10232","display_name":"Optical Network Technologies","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upper-and-lower-bounds","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","score":0.8432987928390503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel-capacity","display_name":"Channel capacity","score":0.631441593170166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-wireless","display_name":"Optical wireless","score":0.5705381631851196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intensity-modulation","display_name":"Intensity modulation","score":0.5414478778839111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.5094287991523743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entropy","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","score":0.46516183018684387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maximization","display_name":"Maximization","score":0.45750048756599426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intensity","display_name":"Intensity (physics)","score":0.4552045166492462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplitude","display_name":"Amplitude","score":0.4289158582687378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.41465461254119873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-to-noise-ratio","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","score":0.4108370542526245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.40884989500045776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.3653374910354614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.33457207679748535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.28300613164901733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.25806885957717896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.25695669651031494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2501106262207031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.2165791392326355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-modulation","display_name":"Phase modulation","score":0.174058198928833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-mechanics","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","score":0.1582273244857788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.14677783846855164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.1356697380542755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-noise","display_name":"Phase noise","score":0.11954206228256226}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77553402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13222579","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","level":2,"score":0.8432987928390503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97744766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q870845","display_name":"Channel capacity","level":3,"score":0.631441593170166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781305180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7098907","display_name":"Optical wireless","level":3,"score":0.5705381631851196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48925448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6044344","display_name":"Intensity modulation","level":4,"score":0.5414478778839111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.5094287991523743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106301342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4117933","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","level":2,"score":0.46516183018684387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776330181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18358244","display_name":"Maximization","level":2,"score":0.45750048756599426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93038891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1061524","display_name":"Intensity (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4552045166492462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180205008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159190","display_name":"Amplitude","level":2,"score":0.4289158582687378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.41465461254119873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13944312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512748","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","level":2,"score":0.4108370542526245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.40884989500045776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3653374910354614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.33457207679748535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.28300613164901733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.25806885957717896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.25695669651031494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2501106262207031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.2165791392326355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96834759","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750463","display_name":"Phase modulation","level":3,"score":0.174058198928833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.1582273244857788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.14677783846855164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.1356697380542755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89631360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1428766","display_name":"Phase noise","level":2,"score":0.11954206228256226}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/isit.2007.4557581","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isit.2007.4557581","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2007 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.569.3238","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.569.3238","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.ece.mcmaster.ca/~hranilovic/publications/papers/queens/hranilovic_queens02.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.7599999904632568}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W4545112","https://openalex.org/W2031724611","https://openalex.org/W2042837540","https://openalex.org/W2071061952","https://openalex.org/W2105204872","https://openalex.org/W2105935781","https://openalex.org/W2108321850","https://openalex.org/W2135479785","https://openalex.org/W2156876329","https://openalex.org/W2159581371","https://openalex.org/W4252713891"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2901330790","https://openalex.org/W2157946897","https://openalex.org/W2002546351","https://openalex.org/W3003754169","https://openalex.org/W3007387259","https://openalex.org/W3136353702","https://openalex.org/W2993635413","https://openalex.org/W2068332193","https://openalex.org/W2558746837","https://openalex.org/W2299010384"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Improved":[0],"upper":[1,45,55],"and":[2,15,39,106],"lower":[3,66,84],"bounds":[4,93],"on":[5,71],"the":[6,35,53,96],"capacity":[7,97],"of":[8,98],"wireless":[9],"optical":[10,17,100],"intensity":[11,24,101],"channels":[12,28,102],"under":[13],"non-negativity":[14],"average":[16],"power":[18],"constraints":[19],"are":[20],"derived.":[21,48],"We":[22],"consider":[23],"modulated/direct":[25],"detection":[26],"(IM/DD)":[27],"with":[29],"pulse":[30],"amplitude":[31],"modulation":[32],"(PAM).":[33],"Utilizing":[34],"signal":[36],"space":[37],"geometry":[38],"a":[40,65,82],"sphere":[41],"packing":[42],"argument,":[43],"an":[44],"bound":[46,56,67,85],"is":[47,57,68],"Compared":[49],"to":[50,87],"previous":[51,88],"work,":[52],"derived":[54,69,92],"tighter":[58,83],"at":[59,103],"low":[60,105],"signal-to-noise":[61],"ratios.":[62],"In":[63],"addition,":[64],"based":[70],"source":[72],"entropy":[73],"maximization":[74],"over":[75],"discrete":[76],"distributions.":[77,90],"The":[78,91],"proposed":[79],"distribution":[80],"provides":[81],"compared":[86],"continuous":[89],"asymptotically":[94],"describe":[95],"PAM":[99],"both":[104],"high":[107],"SNR.":[108]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}