{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2162336877","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isit.2007.4557486","title":"Constellation Design via Capacity Maximization","display_name":"Constellation Design via Capacity Maximization","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2162336877","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isit.2007.4557486","mag":"2162336877"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/isit.2007.4557486","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isit.2007.4557486","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2007 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023015226","display_name":"Maged Barsoum","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1334627681","display_name":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/027k65916","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786","https://openalex.org/I1334627681","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Maged F. Barsoum","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334627681"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070833310","display_name":"Chris Jones","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8962-3401"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1334627681","display_name":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/027k65916","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786","https://openalex.org/I1334627681","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christopher Jones","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334627681"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110538591","display_name":"Michael P. Fitz","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Fitz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5023015226"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334627681"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.6944,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":70,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91226307,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1821","last_page":"1825"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11321","display_name":"Error Correcting Code Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11321","display_name":"Error Correcting Code Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constellation","display_name":"Constellation","score":0.7958447337150574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.7784526348114014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5872717499732971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maximization","display_name":"Maximization","score":0.5350808501243591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5269489884376526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code-rate","display_name":"Code rate","score":0.5104507207870483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.5029200911521912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-logic","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","score":0.47255346179008484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gray-code","display_name":"Gray code","score":0.423606812953949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.41098552942276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3510196805000305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.2912985682487488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.22162216901779175}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70352696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8928","display_name":"Constellation","level":2,"score":0.7958447337150574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.7784526348114014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5872717499732971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776330181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18358244","display_name":"Maximization","level":2,"score":0.5350808501243591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5269489884376526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206468330","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q834373","display_name":"Code rate","level":3,"score":0.5104507207870483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.5029200911521912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.47255346179008484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129861397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q332772","display_name":"Gray code","level":2,"score":0.423606812953949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.41098552942276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3510196805000305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.2912985682487488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.22162216901779175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/isit.2007.4557486","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isit.2007.4557486","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2007 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306101","display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/027ka1x80"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332375","display_name":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/027k65916"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2036845965","https://openalex.org/W2071238091","https://openalex.org/W2083406405","https://openalex.org/W2098234850","https://openalex.org/W2099111195","https://openalex.org/W2105720880","https://openalex.org/W2112544308","https://openalex.org/W2119301983","https://openalex.org/W2120513217","https://openalex.org/W2130718424","https://openalex.org/W2134937280","https://openalex.org/W2164654926","https://openalex.org/W2165205968","https://openalex.org/W2165750745"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2801080295","https://openalex.org/W2502457263","https://openalex.org/W2901245944","https://openalex.org/W4377967113","https://openalex.org/W1548310101","https://openalex.org/W3186841189","https://openalex.org/W2078292672","https://openalex.org/W2382519356","https://openalex.org/W4322709807","https://openalex.org/W1968626661"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Traditional":[0],"constellations":[1,10,33,62,159],"are":[2,34,56,185],"uniformally":[3],"spaced.":[4],"By":[5,42],"giving":[6],"up":[7],"uniform":[8],"spacing,":[9],"can":[11,123,212,218],"be":[12,105,213,220],"designed":[13,35],"to":[14,36,75,104],"have":[15],"larger":[16],"joint":[17,82],"(i.e.":[18,30],"overall)":[19],"capacity":[20,46,88,103,210],"or":[21,222],"parallel":[22,86,101,127],"decoding":[23,87,102,128],"capacity.":[24,129],"In":[25],"this":[26],"paper":[27,188],"non-uniformally":[28],"spaced":[29],"'geometrically'":[31],"shaped)":[32],"maximize":[37],"either":[38],"of":[39,44,71,134],"these":[40],"quantities.":[41],"way":[43],"numerical":[45],"computations":[47],"we":[48,97],"show":[49],"that":[50,68,206],"except":[51],"in":[52,200,209],"special":[53],"cases,":[54],"there":[55],"no":[57],"universally":[58],"optimal":[59],"geometrically":[60],"shaped":[61],"across":[63],"all":[64,120],"code":[65,79,147,167,181],"rates,":[66],"and":[67,94,182,196,199],"the":[69,99,125,131,157],"optimization":[70],"a":[72,77,135,178,191],"constellation":[73,152,174],"has":[74],"target":[76],"specific":[78],"rate.":[80],"Unlike":[81],"capacity,":[83],"optimizing":[84],"for":[85,116,153],"is":[89,175],"label":[90],"dependent.":[91],"For":[92],"PAM":[93,117],"PSK":[95],"constellations,":[96,118],"found":[98,214],"maximum":[100],"achieved":[106,221],"using":[107],"gray":[108,121],"(not":[109],"necessarily":[110],"binary":[111],"reflective":[112],"gray)":[113],"labels.":[114],"However,":[115],"not":[119],"labels":[122],"yield":[124],"highest":[126],"Besides":[130],"conventional":[132],"use":[133],"(":[136],"<i":[137,143],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[138,144],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">log2</i>":[139,145],"(M)":[140,146],"-1)":[141],"/":[142],"rate":[148],"with":[149,177],"an":[150],"M-point":[151],"bandwidth":[154],"efficient":[155],"communications,":[156],"optimized":[158,173],"could":[160],"offer":[161],"further":[162],"non-trivial":[163],"gains":[164],"at":[165],"lower":[166],"rates":[168],"(unlike":[169],"traditional":[170],"constellations).":[171],"An":[172],"used":[176],"state-of-the-art":[179],"LDPC":[180],"simulation":[183],"results":[184],"presented.":[186],"This":[187],"also":[189,219],"draws":[190],"distinction":[192],"between":[193],"probabilistic":[194,216],"shaping":[195,198,217],"geometric":[197,226],"fact":[201],"proves":[202],"under":[203],"broad":[204],"conditions,":[205],"any":[207],"gain":[208],"which":[211],"via":[215],"exceeded":[223],"solely":[224],"through":[225],"shaping.":[227]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
