{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4386323943","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isie51358.2023.10228148","title":"Formal verification of observers supervising a cyber-physical system implemented using IEC 61499","display_name":"Formal verification of observers supervising a cyber-physical system implemented using IEC 61499","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-06-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4386323943","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isie51358.2023.10228148"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/isie51358.2023.10228148","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isie51358.2023.10228148","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE 32nd International Symposium on Industrial Electronics (ISIE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023839967","display_name":"Polina Ovsiannikova","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3722-2603"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9927081","display_name":"Aalto University","ror":"https://ror.org/020hwjq30","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Polina Ovsiannikova","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aalto University,Department of Electrical Engineering and Automation,Espoo,Finland","Department of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aalto University,Department of Electrical Engineering and Automation,Espoo,Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092819254","display_name":"Etienne Le Priol","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5066-8215"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Etienne Le Priol","raw_affiliation_strings":["&#x00C9;cole Normale Sup&#x00E9;rieure Paris-Saclay,Department of Mechanical Engineering,Gif-sur-Yvette,France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"&#x00C9;cole Normale Sup&#x00E9;rieure Paris-Saclay,Department of Mechanical Engineering,Gif-sur-Yvette,France","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080234321","display_name":"Vincent Perret","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4114-4117"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vincent Perret","raw_affiliation_strings":["&#x00C9;cole Normale Sup&#x00E9;rieure Paris-Saclay,Department of Mechanical Engineering,Gif-sur-Yvette,France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"&#x00C9;cole Normale Sup&#x00E9;rieure Paris-Saclay,Department of Mechanical Engineering,Gif-sur-Yvette,France","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019981961","display_name":"Pranay Jhunjhunwala","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1359-4744"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9927081","display_name":"Aalto University","ror":"https://ror.org/020hwjq30","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pranay Jhunjhunwala","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aalto University,Department of Electrical Engineering and Automation,Espoo,Finland","Department of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aalto University,Department of Electrical Engineering and Automation,Espoo,Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005006389","display_name":"Midhun Xavier","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3371-6075"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Midhun Xavier","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lule&#x00E5; Tekniska Universitet,Computer and Space Engineering,Department of Computer Science,Sweden"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lule&#x00E5; Tekniska Universitet,Computer and Space Engineering,Department of Computer Science,Sweden","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008070913","display_name":"Valeriy Vyatkin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9927081","display_name":"Aalto University","ror":"https://ror.org/020hwjq30","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Valeriy Vyatkin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aalto University,Department of Electrical Engineering and Automation,Espoo,Finland","Department of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aalto University,Department of Electrical Engineering and Automation,Espoo,Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5023839967"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2017,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.55045654,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11741","display_name":"Flexible and Reconfigurable Manufacturing Systems","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11125","display_name":"Petri Nets in System Modeling","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7581311464309692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/model-checking","display_name":"Model checking","score":0.6057568788528442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyber-physical-system","display_name":"Cyber-physical system","score":0.5922383069992065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/runtime-verification","display_name":"Runtime verification","score":0.5173563361167908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.4976203739643097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/controller","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","score":0.49706485867500305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automation","display_name":"Automation","score":0.4930207431316376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.4905092120170593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.481076717376709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formal-verification","display_name":"Formal verification","score":0.4793694317340851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interface","display_name":"Interface (matter)","score":0.4586624205112457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantics","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","score":0.44554227590560913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programmable-logic-controller","display_name":"Programmable logic controller","score":0.4320823550224304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/property","display_name":"Property (philosophy)","score":0.42993348836898804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.347917377948761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.29749608039855957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.18548914790153503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.10410001873970032}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7581311464309692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110251889","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1569697","display_name":"Model checking","level":2,"score":0.6057568788528442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179768478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1120057","display_name":"Cyber-physical system","level":2,"score":0.5922383069992065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202973057","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7380130","display_name":"Runtime verification","level":3,"score":0.5173563361167908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4976203739643097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203479927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165939","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","level":2,"score":0.49706485867500305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115901376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184199","display_name":"Automation","level":2,"score":0.4930207431316376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.4905092120170593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.481076717376709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111498074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173326","display_name":"Formal verification","level":2,"score":0.4793694317340851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113843644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901882","display_name":"Interface (matter)","level":4,"score":0.4586624205112457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184337299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437428","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.44554227590560913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37374048","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188674","display_name":"Programmable logic controller","level":2,"score":0.4320823550224304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189950617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q937228","display_name":"Property (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.42993348836898804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.347917377948761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.29749608039855957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.18548914790153503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.10410001873970032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157915830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2928001","display_name":"Bubble","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129307140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6795880","display_name":"Maximum bubble pressure method","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/isie51358.2023.10228148","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isie51358.2023.10228148","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE 32nd International Symposium on Industrial Electronics (ISIE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.4099999964237213}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1489391022","https://openalex.org/W1583869287","https://openalex.org/W1931915779","https://openalex.org/W2061438988","https://openalex.org/W2117360144","https://openalex.org/W2154336243","https://openalex.org/W2158395308","https://openalex.org/W2183963042","https://openalex.org/W2490506697","https://openalex.org/W2549863208","https://openalex.org/W2563758324","https://openalex.org/W2592125797","https://openalex.org/W2774168310","https://openalex.org/W2931063030","https://openalex.org/W3092580299","https://openalex.org/W3112096957","https://openalex.org/W3205561606","https://openalex.org/W4249935030","https://openalex.org/W4287882632","https://openalex.org/W4294043676","https://openalex.org/W4313179805","https://openalex.org/W6684644128"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2406499533","https://openalex.org/W2006962382","https://openalex.org/W1122109835","https://openalex.org/W3095304466","https://openalex.org/W2556150168","https://openalex.org/W2127240436","https://openalex.org/W2963438104","https://openalex.org/W2242831442","https://openalex.org/W2799773339","https://openalex.org/W4386323943"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"rigorous":[1],"check":[2,35],"is":[3,36,112,118],"a":[4,90,99,180,193],"significant":[5],"phase":[6],"in":[7,50,95,133],"the":[8,34,43,53,59,83,86,96,105,122,125,134,159,170,189,202],"design":[9],"process":[10],"of":[11,14,85,98,124,136,186,192,204],"control":[12],"programs":[13,22],"safety-critical":[15],"cyber-physical":[16],"systems.":[17],"Here,":[18],"we":[19,73],"consider":[20,74],"such":[21],"to":[23,46,82,158],"be":[24,68,129],"implemented":[25,77],"using":[26,40,188,201],"IEC":[27,137,160],"61499":[28,138,161],"standard":[29],"for":[30,62,182],"industrial":[31],"automation.":[32],"After":[33],"performed":[37],"(for":[38],"example,":[39],"formal":[41],"verification),":[42],"engineer":[44],"needs":[45],"ensure":[47],"that":[48,153],"even":[49],"unexpected":[51],"situations,":[52],"system":[54,106,203],"will":[55,144,150],"not":[56,155],"fail":[57],"during":[58],"runtime,":[60],"and":[61,178],"this":[63,71,176],"online":[64],"verification":[65],"methods":[66],"can":[67,128],"utilized.":[69],"In":[70],"work,":[72],"attaching":[75],"monitors":[76,103],"as":[78,148],"basic":[79],"function":[80,139,162],"blocks":[81,163],"interface":[84],"controller,":[87,126],"thus":[88],"having":[89],"property":[91],"being":[92],"monitored":[93],"represented":[94],"form":[97],"state":[100],"machine.":[101],"Now,":[102],"make":[104],"safer":[107],"only":[108],"if":[109],"their":[110,116],"quality":[111],"also":[113],"ensured.":[114],"Since":[115],"complexity":[117,123],"far":[119],"lower":[120],"than":[121],"they":[127],"model":[130,142,184],"checked,":[131],"however,":[132],"case":[135],"blocks,":[140],"open-loop":[141],"checking":[143,185],"produce":[145],"spurious":[146],"counterexamples":[147],"it":[149],"allow":[151],"combinations":[152],"are":[154],"possible":[156],"according":[157],"semantics":[164],"(e.g.,":[165],"data":[166],"transferred":[167],"without":[168],"firing":[169],"event).":[171],"The":[172],"current":[173],"work":[174],"addresses":[175],"issue":[177],"proposes":[179],"method":[181],"close-loop":[183],"monitors,":[187],"non-deterministic":[190],"twin":[191],"controller":[194],"under":[195],"supervision.":[196],"We":[197],"present":[198],"our":[199],"approach":[200],"two":[205],"orthogonal":[206],"pneumatic":[207],"cylinders.":[208]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-12-19T19:40:27.379048","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
