{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3211219064","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isie45552.2021.9576294","title":"Optimal Charging/Discharging Control Service for Electric Vehicles: A Case Study at University Campus","display_name":"Optimal Charging/Discharging Control Service for Electric Vehicles: A Case Study at University Campus","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-06-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3211219064","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isie45552.2021.9576294","mag":"3211219064"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/isie45552.2021.9576294","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isie45552.2021.9576294","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE 30th International Symposium on Industrial Electronics (ISIE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084898413","display_name":"Shabib Shahid","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134085113","display_name":"King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals","ror":"https://ror.org/03yez3163","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shabib Shahid","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum &#x0026; Minerals (KFUPM), Saudi Arabia","Minerals (KFUPM), Saudi Arabia","Electrical Engineering Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum &#x0026"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum &#x0026; Minerals (KFUPM), Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Minerals (KFUPM), Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum &#x0026","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090360842","display_name":"Saifullah Shafiq","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5759-4776"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138564716","display_name":"Prince Mohammad bin Fahd University","ror":"https://ror.org/03d64na34","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138564716"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saifullah Shafiq","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering Department, Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University (PMU), Saudi Arabia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering Department, Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University (PMU), Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138564716"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026972752","display_name":"Bilal Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2189-9874"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134085113","display_name":"King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals","ror":"https://ror.org/03yez3163","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bilal Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum &#x0026; Minerals (KFUPM), Saudi Arabia","Electrical Engineering Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum &#x0026","Minerals (KFUPM), Saudi Arabia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum &#x0026; Minerals (KFUPM), Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum &#x0026","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Minerals (KFUPM), Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088907765","display_name":"Muhammad Omair Butt","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138564716","display_name":"Prince Mohammad bin Fahd University","ror":"https://ror.org/03d64na34","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138564716"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Omair Butt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering Department, Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University (PMU), Saudi Arabia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering Department, Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University (PMU), Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138564716"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001054886","display_name":"Ali T. Al\u2010Awami","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0062-2013"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134085113","display_name":"King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals","ror":"https://ror.org/03yez3163","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152837","display_name":"Dhahran Health Center","ror":"https://ror.org/03pjj1n42","country_code":"SA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799853436","https://openalex.org/I2800952698","https://openalex.org/I4210143841","https://openalex.org/I4210152837"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ali Taleb Al-Awami","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum &#x0026; Minerals (KFUPM), Saudi Arabia","K. A. CARE Energy Research &#x0026; Innovation Center, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia","Electrical Engineering Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum &#x0026","K. A. CARE Energy Research &#x0026","Minerals (KFUPM), Saudi Arabia","Innovation Center, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum &#x0026; Minerals (KFUPM), Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"K. A. CARE Energy Research &#x0026; Innovation Center, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152837"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum &#x0026","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"K. A. CARE Energy Research &#x0026","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Minerals (KFUPM), Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Innovation Center, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152837"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5084898413"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.12881615,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10768","display_name":"Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10768","display_name":"Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10663","display_name":"Advanced Battery Technologies Research","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10808","display_name":"Electric and Hybrid Vehicle Technologies","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-engineering","display_name":"Automotive engineering","score":0.5556031465530396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/service","display_name":"Service (business)","score":0.5214918851852417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.4824233949184418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.42436492443084717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transport-engineering","display_name":"Transport engineering","score":0.36742323637008667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.33133670687675476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.324920117855072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.274135947227478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.22447770833969116}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.5556031465530396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.5214918851852417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.4824233949184418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.42436492443084717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.36742323637008667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.33133670687675476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.324920117855072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.274135947227478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.22447770833969116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/isie45552.2021.9576294","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isie45552.2021.9576294","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE 30th International Symposium on Industrial Electronics (ISIE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2014666162","https://openalex.org/W2029419586","https://openalex.org/W2067372361","https://openalex.org/W2092860676","https://openalex.org/W2097652608","https://openalex.org/W2201616929","https://openalex.org/W2337068192","https://openalex.org/W2340130488","https://openalex.org/W2344993389","https://openalex.org/W2525625701","https://openalex.org/W2560255017","https://openalex.org/W2581582336","https://openalex.org/W2742733421","https://openalex.org/W2887413772","https://openalex.org/W2892020228","https://openalex.org/W3007249796","https://openalex.org/W3036230228"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W590383186","https://openalex.org/W2382087633","https://openalex.org/W2472798105","https://openalex.org/W2347572285","https://openalex.org/W2253485413","https://openalex.org/W3163241841","https://openalex.org/W4310772596","https://openalex.org/W2393127690","https://openalex.org/W2177576979","https://openalex.org/W2383062544"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,66],"the":[1,36,81,87,103,107,111,115,125,137,149,154,158,172,177,182,190,203,208,225],"past":[2],"few":[3],"years,":[4],"environmental":[5],"issues":[6],"have":[7,18,34,59],"got":[8],"much":[9],"attention":[10,38],"due":[11],"to":[12,22,51,73,80,169,211,215],"their":[13,53,213],"adverse":[14],"effects.":[15],"Many":[16],"governments":[17],"been":[19],"providing":[20],"subsidies":[21],"those":[23],"who":[24],"promote":[25],"and":[26,39,62,84,130,142,161,164],"utilize":[27],"environment-friendly":[28],"resources.":[29],"Therefore,":[30],"electric":[31,112],"vehicles":[32,54],"(EVs)":[33],"gained":[35],"significant":[37],"are":[40],"becoming":[41],"ubiquitous.":[42],"However,":[43],"it":[44,133,188],"is":[45,71,91,99,121,167],"a":[46,69,75,94,216,220],"challenge":[47],"for":[48],"EV":[49,183,197,209],"owners":[50],"charge":[52,212],"at":[55,86,219],"homes":[56],"unless":[57],"they":[58],"enough":[60],"space":[61],"proper":[63],"charging":[64,79,160],"arrangements.":[65],"this":[67],"paper,":[68],"methodology":[70,174],"proposed":[72,146,173,204],"offer":[74],"service":[76],"of":[77,127,136,139,153,195],"workplace":[78],"faculty,":[82,128],"staff,":[83,129],"students":[85,131],"university":[88],"campus.":[89],"It":[90,166],"considered":[92],"that":[93,171,202],"distributed":[95],"generator":[96],"(DG)":[97],"unit":[98],"being":[100],"utilized":[101],"by":[102,156],"campus":[104],"along":[105],"with":[106],"grid":[108,113],"connection":[109],"where":[110],"follows":[114],"time-of-use":[116],"tariff.":[117],"The":[118,145],"building":[119],"load":[120,228],"calculated":[122],"based":[123],"on":[124],"schedule":[126],"as":[132,179,181],"mainly":[134],"consists":[135],"loads":[138],"offices,":[140],"laboratories,":[141],"lecture":[143],"rooms.":[144],"approach":[147,205],"minimizes":[148],"overall":[150,227],"operational":[151],"cost":[152],"system":[155,178,226],"adjusting":[157],"EVs":[159,214],"discharging":[162],"patterns":[163],"rates.":[165],"important":[168],"note":[170],"meets":[175,189],"all":[176,207],"well":[180],"users&#x0027;":[184],"constraints.":[185],"Most":[186],"importantly,":[187],"target":[191],"state-of-charge":[192],"(SOC)":[193],"requirement":[194],"each":[196],"user.":[198],"Simulation":[199],"results":[200],"show":[201],"helps":[206],"users":[210],"desired":[217],"level":[218],"reasonable":[221],"price":[222],"while":[223],"meeting":[224],"requirements.":[229]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
