{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2559395607","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isie.2016.7745026","title":"Open, flexible and extensible battery management system for lithium-ion batteries in mobile and stationary applications","display_name":"Open, flexible and extensible battery management system for lithium-ion batteries in mobile and stationary applications","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2559395607","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isie.2016.7745026","mag":"2559395607"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/isie.2016.7745026","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isie.2016.7745026","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 IEEE 25th International Symposium on Industrial Electronics (ISIE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://publica.fraunhofer.de/documents/N-445123.html","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073202631","display_name":"M. Giegerich","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148684","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Systems and Device Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04q5rka56","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210148684","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Giegerich","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer IISB, Erlangen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer IISB, Erlangen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148684"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070531092","display_name":"M. Akdere","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148684","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Systems and Device Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04q5rka56","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210148684","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Akdere","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer IISB, Erlangen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer IISB, Erlangen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148684"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027968178","display_name":"Christian Freund","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148684","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Systems and Device Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04q5rka56","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210148684","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. Freund","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer IISB, Erlangen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer IISB, Erlangen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148684"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038093455","display_name":"Tim F\u00fchner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5381-285X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148684","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Systems and Device Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04q5rka56","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210148684","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T. Fuhner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer IISB, Erlangen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer IISB, Erlangen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148684"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109006264","display_name":"J.L. Grosch","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148684","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Systems and Device Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04q5rka56","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210148684","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J.L. Grosch","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer IISB, Erlangen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer IISB, Erlangen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148684"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072190832","display_name":"S. Koffel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6836-4917"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148684","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Systems and Device Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04q5rka56","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210148684","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Koffel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer IISB, Erlangen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer IISB, Erlangen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148684"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006453048","display_name":"R. Schwarz","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148684","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Systems and Device Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04q5rka56","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210148684","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Schwarz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer IISB, Erlangen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer IISB, Erlangen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148684"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001802906","display_name":"Stefan Waldh\u00f6r","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8756-652X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148684","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Systems and Device Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04q5rka56","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210148684","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Waldhor","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer IISB, Erlangen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer IISB, Erlangen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148684"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110812086","display_name":"M. Wenger","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148684","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Systems and Device Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04q5rka56","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210148684","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Wenger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer IISB, Erlangen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer IISB, Erlangen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148684"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014539824","display_name":"Vincent Lorentz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2391-4406"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148684","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Systems and Device Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04q5rka56","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210148684","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"V.R.H. Lorentz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer IISB, Erlangen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer IISB, Erlangen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148684"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109203310","display_name":"Martin M\u00e4rz","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148684","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Systems and Device Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04q5rka56","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210148684","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Marz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer IISB, Erlangen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer IISB, Erlangen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148684"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148684"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.6264,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81088296,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"991","last_page":"996"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10663","display_name":"Advanced Battery Technologies Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10663","display_name":"Advanced Battery Technologies Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10933","display_name":"Real-Time Systems Scheduling","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10904","display_name":"Embedded Systems Design Techniques","score":0.991599977016449,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extensibility","display_name":"Extensibility","score":0.6571844220161438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6168655157089233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.5963417887687683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.5846945643424988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modular-design","display_name":"Modular design","score":0.5680561661720276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/battery","display_name":"Battery (electricity)","score":0.5623382329940796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/documentation","display_name":"Documentation","score":0.5162051320075989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-device","display_name":"Mobile device","score":0.43566611409187317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.3895109295845032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering","display_name":"Systems engineering","score":0.37443655729293823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.3400264382362366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1926232874393463}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32833848","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4115054","display_name":"Extensibility","level":2,"score":0.6571844220161438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6168655157089233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.5963417887687683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.5846945643424988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101468663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1620158","display_name":"Modular design","level":2,"score":0.5680561661720276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555008776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q267298","display_name":"Battery (electricity)","level":3,"score":0.5623382329940796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56666940","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788790","display_name":"Documentation","level":2,"score":0.5162051320075989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186967261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5082128","display_name":"Mobile device","level":2,"score":0.43566611409187317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.3895109295845032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.37443655729293823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.3400264382362366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1926232874393463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/isie.2016.7745026","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isie.2016.7745026","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 IEEE 25th International Symposium on Industrial Electronics (ISIE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eref.uni-bayreuth.de:69868","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://eref.uni-bayreuth.de/69868/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196442","display_name":"ERef Bayreuth (University of Bayreuth)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I54009628","host_organization_name":"University of Bayreuth","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I54009628"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Veranstaltungsbeitrag"},{"id":"pmh:oai:fraunhofer.de:N-445123","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://publica.fraunhofer.de/documents/N-445123.html","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400318","display_name":"Fraunhofer-Publica (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4923324","host_organization_name":"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Fraunhofer IISB","raw_type":"Conference Paper"},{"id":"pmh:oai:publica.fraunhofer.de:publica/397100","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://publica.fraunhofer.de/handle/publica/397100","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400318","display_name":"Fraunhofer-Publica (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4923324","host_organization_name":"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"conference paper"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:fraunhofer.de:N-445123","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://publica.fraunhofer.de/documents/N-445123.html","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400318","display_name":"Fraunhofer-Publica (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4923324","host_organization_name":"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Fraunhofer IISB","raw_type":"Conference Paper"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.5799999833106995,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1562151140","https://openalex.org/W1562655516","https://openalex.org/W1968346158","https://openalex.org/W1974192255","https://openalex.org/W2009074100","https://openalex.org/W2012716743","https://openalex.org/W2077244188","https://openalex.org/W2108084892","https://openalex.org/W2134843002","https://openalex.org/W2155556726","https://openalex.org/W2281240139","https://openalex.org/W2552535121","https://openalex.org/W2909298458","https://openalex.org/W3152151737","https://openalex.org/W6758105635"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1948607442","https://openalex.org/W4247766898","https://openalex.org/W2044615423","https://openalex.org/W2361584951","https://openalex.org/W31122515","https://openalex.org/W3004004161","https://openalex.org/W2618286804","https://openalex.org/W2365327041","https://openalex.org/W4244765761","https://openalex.org/W2354475557"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,20,86,96],"various":[1],"application":[2],"scenarios":[3],"of":[4,23,36,98,135],"a":[5,24,34,61,68,126,132,152,167],"battery":[6,26,63,72,78],"system":[7,27,74],"lead":[8],"to":[9,128,131],"versatile,":[10],"often":[11],"conflicting":[12],"requirements":[13,49],"for":[14,60,76,116,162,170],"hardware,":[15],"software":[16,48,91,119,144],"and":[17,30,42,47,70,105,120,137,142,148,165],"mechanical":[18],"design.":[19],"intended":[21],"use":[22],"lithium-ion":[25,77],"in":[28,89],"mobile":[29],"stationary":[31],"applications":[32],"determines":[33],"lot":[35],"restrictions":[37],"such":[38],"as":[39,158,166],"design":[40,141],"space":[41],"ambient":[43],"conditions.":[44],"Additional":[45],"hardware":[46,101,140],"are":[50],"dictated":[51],"by":[52],"engineering":[53],"constraints":[54],"like":[55],"the":[56,90,99,118,139,143,154],"safe":[57],"operating":[58],"area":[59],"specific":[62],"cell.":[64],"This":[65],"paper":[66],"presents":[67],"flexible":[69,87],"extensible":[71],"management":[73],"(BMS)":[75],"packages,":[79],"which":[80],"aims":[81],"at":[82],"addressing":[83],"these":[84],"issues.":[85],"approach":[88],"architecture":[92],"is":[93,103,109,123],"therefore":[94],"mandatory.":[95],"structure":[97],"embedded":[100],"platform":[102,161,169],"introduced,":[104],"its":[106,121],"modular":[107],"setup":[108],"presented.":[110],"An":[111],"easy-to-use,":[112],"yet":[113],"powerful":[114],"framework":[115],"building":[117],"documentation":[122],"shown.":[124],"With":[125],"view":[127],"being":[129],"useful":[130],"large":[133],"community":[134],"developers":[136],"users,":[138],"will":[145],"be":[146],"open-source":[147],"freely":[149],"available.":[150],"As":[151],"result,":[153],"presented":[155],"BMS":[156],"serves":[157],"an":[159],"easy-to-use":[160],"academia":[163],"research":[164],"development":[168],"industrial":[171],"users.":[172]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}