{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2047440076","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isi.2013.6578796","title":"Towards a network-of-networks framework for cyber security","display_name":"Towards a network-of-networks framework for cyber security","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2047440076","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isi.2013.6578796","mag":"2047440076"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/isi.2013.6578796","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isi.2013.6578796","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2013 IEEE International Conference on Intelligence and Security Informatics","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1304.6761","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075175819","display_name":"Mahantesh Halappanavar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2323-4753"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142606810","display_name":"Pacific Northwest National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/05h992307","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325736334","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I142606810","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mahantesh Halappanavar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, USA","Pacific Northwest National Laboratories Richland WA USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142606810"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pacific Northwest National Laboratories Richland WA USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142606810"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016440514","display_name":"Sutanay Choudhury","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7352-2035"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142606810","display_name":"Pacific Northwest National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/05h992307","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325736334","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I142606810","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sutanay Choudhury","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, USA","Pacific Northwest National Laboratories Richland WA USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142606810"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pacific Northwest National Laboratories Richland WA USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142606810"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008310705","display_name":"Emilie Hogan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142606810","display_name":"Pacific Northwest National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/05h992307","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325736334","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I142606810","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Emilie Hogan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, USA","Pacific Northwest National Laboratories Richland WA USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142606810"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pacific Northwest National Laboratories Richland WA USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142606810"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080134723","display_name":"Peter Hui","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142606810","display_name":"Pacific Northwest National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/05h992307","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325736334","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I142606810","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter Hui","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, USA","Pacific Northwest National Laboratories Richland WA USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142606810"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pacific Northwest National Laboratories Richland WA USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142606810"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070547422","display_name":"John R. Johnson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3920-9923"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142606810","display_name":"Pacific Northwest National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/05h992307","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325736334","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I142606810","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John Johnson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, USA","Pacific Northwest National Laboratories Richland WA USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142606810"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pacific Northwest National Laboratories Richland WA USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142606810"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102938076","display_name":"Indrajit Ray","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3612-7738"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92446798","display_name":"Colorado State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03k1gpj17","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92446798"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Indrajit Ray","raw_affiliation_strings":["Colorado State University, USA","Colorado State University Fort Collins, CO, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Colorado State University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92446798"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Colorado State University Fort Collins, CO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92446798"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044712355","display_name":"Lawrence B. Holder","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6586-3144"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72951846","display_name":"Washington State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05dk0ce17","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72951846"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lawrence Holder","raw_affiliation_strings":["Washington State University, USA","Washington State University, Pullman,WA USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Washington State University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72951846"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Washington State University, Pullman,WA USA","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5075175819"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142606810"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0235,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76707589,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"106","last_page":"108"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10064","display_name":"Complex Network Analysis Techniques","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10064","display_name":"Complex Network Analysis Techniques","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11896","display_name":"Opportunistic and Delay-Tolerant Networks","score":0.9912999868392944,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10772","display_name":"Distributed systems and fault tolerance","score":0.9800999760627747,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interdependence","display_name":"Interdependence","score":0.8010746240615845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7622300386428833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyber-physical-system","display_name":"Cyber-physical system","score":0.5785627961158752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.496277391910553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.48810943961143494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interdependent-networks","display_name":"Interdependent networks","score":0.4859232008457184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/layer","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","score":0.461318701505661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph-theory","display_name":"Graph theory","score":0.4269979000091553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/complex-network","display_name":"Complex network","score":0.4256942868232727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3533563017845154}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185874996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q269699","display_name":"Interdependence","level":2,"score":0.8010746240615845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7622300386428833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179768478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1120057","display_name":"Cyber-physical system","level":2,"score":0.5785627961158752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.496277391910553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.48810943961143494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101142422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17101727","display_name":"Interdependent networks","level":3,"score":0.4859232008457184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779227376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505497","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.461318701505661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88230418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131476","display_name":"Graph theory","level":2,"score":0.4269979000091553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34947359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q665189","display_name":"Complex network","level":2,"score":0.4256942868232727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3533563017845154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/isi.2013.6578796","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isi.2013.6578796","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2013 IEEE International Conference on Intelligence and Security Informatics","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1304.6761","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1304.6761","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1304.6761","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1304.6761","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1304.6761","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1304.6761","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W335144045","https://openalex.org/W1493596129","https://openalex.org/W1508371614","https://openalex.org/W1875112053","https://openalex.org/W1968164782","https://openalex.org/W1971937094","https://openalex.org/W1973872989","https://openalex.org/W2026966005","https://openalex.org/W2033193852","https://openalex.org/W2047440076","https://openalex.org/W2054127354","https://openalex.org/W2055285705","https://openalex.org/W2065527711","https://openalex.org/W2084178985","https://openalex.org/W2085598673","https://openalex.org/W2104812688","https://openalex.org/W2119895316","https://openalex.org/W2122226347","https://openalex.org/W2132938399","https://openalex.org/W2136225013","https://openalex.org/W2137204060","https://openalex.org/W2149527103","https://openalex.org/W2151369956","https://openalex.org/W2492955493","https://openalex.org/W3102850849","https://openalex.org/W4236506014","https://openalex.org/W4237078129","https://openalex.org/W4242825868","https://openalex.org/W4249173680"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1966811395","https://openalex.org/W3105388512","https://openalex.org/W3162545461","https://openalex.org/W203309093","https://openalex.org/W4236757589","https://openalex.org/W3015073397","https://openalex.org/W3081015121","https://openalex.org/W2463781450","https://openalex.org/W2968294638","https://openalex.org/W2111786937"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Network-of-networks":[0],"(NoN)":[1],"is":[2],"a":[3,31,40,60,72,76],"graph-theoretic":[4,86],"model":[5,63,94],"of":[6,75,108],"interdependent":[7,36],"networks":[8],"that":[9],"have":[10,47],"distinct":[11],"dynamics":[12],"at":[13],"each":[14],"network":[15],"(layer).":[16],"By":[17],"adding":[18],"special":[19],"edges":[20],"to":[21,34,88],"represent":[22],"relationships":[23],"between":[24],"nodes":[25],"in":[26,39,53],"different":[27,73],"layers,":[28],"NoN":[29,44,62,93],"provides":[30],"unified":[32],"mechanism":[33],"study":[35],"systems":[37],"intertwined":[38],"complex":[41],"relationship.":[42],"While":[43],"based":[45],"models":[46],"been":[48],"proposed":[49],"for":[50,64,83,98],"cyber-physical":[51],"systems,":[52],"this":[54,109],"position":[55],"paper":[56,110],"we":[57],"build":[58],"towards":[59],"three-layered":[61,92],"an":[65],"enterprise":[66],"cyber":[67,77],"system.":[68,78],"Each":[69],"layer":[70],"captures":[71],"facet":[74],"We":[79],"present":[80],"in-depth":[81],"discussion":[82],"four":[84],"major":[85],"applications":[87],"demonstrate":[89],"how":[90],"the":[91],"can":[95,111],"be":[96,112],"leveraged":[97],"continuous":[99],"system":[100],"monitoring":[101],"and":[102],"mission":[103],"assurance.":[104],"A":[105],"longer":[106],"version":[107],"accessed":[113],"from":[114],"arXiv":[115],"[1].":[116]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
