{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2010186485","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isi.2012.6284289","title":"Identifying cliques in dark web forums - An agglomerative clustering approach","display_name":"Identifying cliques in dark web forums - An agglomerative clustering approach","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2010186485","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isi.2012.6284289","mag":"2010186485"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/isi.2012.6284289","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isi.2012.6284289","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 IEEE International Conference on Intelligence and Security Informatics","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067776186","display_name":"Tarique Anwar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7157-0236"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28022161","display_name":"King Saud University","ror":"https://ror.org/02f81g417","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tarique Anwar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center of Excellence in Information Assurance, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","[Center of Excellence in Information Assurance, King Saud University, Riyadh, KSA, Saudi Arabia]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center of Excellence in Information Assurance, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Center of Excellence in Information Assurance, King Saud University, Riyadh, KSA, Saudi Arabia]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079913042","display_name":"Muhammad Abulaish","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3387-4743"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28022161","display_name":"King Saud University","ror":"https://ror.org/02f81g417","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Abulaish","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center of Excellence in Information Assurance, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","[Center of Excellence in Information Assurance, King Saud University, Riyadh, KSA, Saudi Arabia]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center of Excellence in Information Assurance, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Center of Excellence in Information Assurance, King Saud University, Riyadh, KSA, Saudi Arabia]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5067776186"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.3949,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96182747,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"171","last_page":"173"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11644","display_name":"Spam and Phishing Detection","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11644","display_name":"Spam and Phishing Detection","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12016","display_name":"Web Data Mining and Analysis","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12519","display_name":"Cybercrime and Law Enforcement Studies","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hierarchical-clustering","display_name":"Hierarchical clustering","score":0.7172101736068726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6991444826126099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.6778296232223511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thread","display_name":"Thread (computing)","score":0.5985122919082642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/homogeneity","display_name":"Homogeneity (statistics)","score":0.4459804892539978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/similarity","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","score":0.4203184247016907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.41053149104118347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4104560315608978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.40610846877098083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.2453298270702362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.06944289803504944}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92835128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1277447","display_name":"Hierarchical clustering","level":3,"score":0.7172101736068726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6991444826126099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.6778296232223511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138101251","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q213092","display_name":"Thread (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5985122919082642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142259097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891314","display_name":"Homogeneity (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.4459804892539978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103278499","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254465","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","level":3,"score":0.4203184247016907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.41053149104118347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4104560315608978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.40610846877098083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.2453298270702362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.06944289803504944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/isi.2012.6284289","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isi.2012.6284289","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 IEEE International Conference on Intelligence and Security Informatics","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321145","display_name":"King Saud University","ror":"https://ror.org/02f81g417"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322997","display_name":"King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05tdz6m39"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335045","display_name":"National Plan for Science, Technology and Innovation","ror":"https://ror.org/02f81g417"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1985187681","https://openalex.org/W2025212945","https://openalex.org/W2101287943","https://openalex.org/W2101990031","https://openalex.org/W2127737133","https://openalex.org/W2133385528","https://openalex.org/W2135756832","https://openalex.org/W2962745292","https://openalex.org/W4256224324","https://openalex.org/W6682533556"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1999392235","https://openalex.org/W2075537321","https://openalex.org/W2055668825","https://openalex.org/W2059493168","https://openalex.org/W2371593620","https://openalex.org/W2156037511","https://openalex.org/W2572678357","https://openalex.org/W2019481703","https://openalex.org/W2024930283","https://openalex.org/W3200375535"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3,34],"present":[4],"a":[5,37,49],"novel":[6],"agglomerative":[7],"clustering":[8,65],"method":[9],"to":[10,40,67],"identify":[11,41],"cliques":[12,82],"in":[13,62],"dark":[14],"Web":[15],"forums.":[16],"Considering":[17],"each":[18,44],"post":[19],"as":[20,48,77,101],"an":[21],"individual":[22,78],"entity":[23],"accompanying":[24],"all":[25],"the":[26,63,86,94],"information":[27],"about":[28],"its":[29],"thread,":[30],"author,":[31],"time-stamp,":[32],"etc.,":[33],"have":[35],"defined":[36],"similarity":[38,42,58],"function":[39,59],"between":[43],"pair":[45],"of":[46,51,88,96],"posts":[47,89],"blend":[50],"their":[52,97],"contextual":[53],"and":[54,99],"temporal":[55],"coherence.":[56],"The":[57,80],"is":[60],"employed":[61],"proposed":[64],"algorithm":[66],"group":[68],"threads":[69,100],"into":[70],"different":[71],"clusters":[72],"that":[73],"are":[74,83],"finally":[75],"presented":[76],"cliques.":[79],"identified":[81],"characterized":[84],"using":[85],"homogeneity":[87,95],"therein,":[90],"which":[91],"also":[92],"establishes":[93],"authors":[98],"well.":[102]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}