{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1972979763","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isi.2010.5484782","title":"Identifying high risk crime areas using topology","display_name":"Identifying high risk crime areas using topology","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1972979763","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isi.2010.5484782","mag":"1972979763"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/isi.2010.5484782","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isi.2010.5484782","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2010 IEEE International Conference on Intelligence and Security Informatics","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030367930","display_name":"Richard Frank","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4382-1039"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I18014758","display_name":"Simon Fraser University","ror":"https://ror.org/0213rcc28","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I18014758"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Richard Frank","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Canadian, Urban Research Studies, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada","Institute for Canadian, Urban Research Studies, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Canadian, Urban Research Studies, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I18014758"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Canadian, Urban Research Studies, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I18014758"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101410047","display_name":"Andrew J. Park","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6906-0357"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I18014758","display_name":"Simon Fraser University","ror":"https://ror.org/0213rcc28","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I18014758"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrew J. Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Canadian, Urban Research Studies, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada","Institute for Canadian, Urban Research Studies, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Canadian, Urban Research Studies, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I18014758"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Canadian, Urban Research Studies, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I18014758"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038445455","display_name":"Patricia L. Brantingham","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I18014758","display_name":"Simon Fraser University","ror":"https://ror.org/0213rcc28","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I18014758"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Patricia L. Brantingham","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Canadian, Urban Research Studies, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada","Institute for Canadian, Urban Research Studies, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Canadian, Urban Research Studies, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I18014758"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Canadian, Urban Research Studies, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I18014758"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040697946","display_name":"Joseph Clare","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0444-4189"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I18014758","display_name":"Simon Fraser University","ror":"https://ror.org/0213rcc28","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I18014758"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joseph Clare","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Canadian, Urban Research Studies, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada","Institute for Canadian, Urban Research Studies, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Canadian, Urban Research Studies, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I18014758"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Canadian, Urban Research Studies, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I18014758"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038725262","display_name":"Kathryn Wuschke","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5520-0083"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I18014758","display_name":"Simon Fraser University","ror":"https://ror.org/0213rcc28","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I18014758"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kathryn Wuschke","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Canadian, Urban Research Studies, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada","Institute for Canadian, Urban Research Studies, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Canadian, Urban Research Studies, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I18014758"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Canadian, Urban Research Studies, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I18014758"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025144945","display_name":"Mona Vajihollahi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405253577","display_name":"IESE Business School","ror":"https://ror.org/00v9d4z37","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405253577","https://openalex.org/I88155538"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I88155538","display_name":"Universidad de Navarra","ror":"https://ror.org/02rxc7m23","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I88155538"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mona Vajihollahi","raw_affiliation_strings":["IESE Business School, University of Navarra, Barcelona, Spain","IESE Business School, University of Navarra, 08034 Barcelona, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IESE Business School, University of Navarra, Barcelona, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I88155538","https://openalex.org/I4405253577"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IESE Business School, University of Navarra, 08034 Barcelona, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I88155538","https://openalex.org/I4405253577"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5030367930"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I18014758"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2931,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80416462,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"2?3","issue":null,"first_page":"13","last_page":"18"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10799","display_name":"Data Visualization and Analytics","score":0.983299970626831,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10799","display_name":"Data Visualization and Analytics","score":0.983299970626831,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10574","display_name":"Crime Patterns and Interventions","score":0.9811000227928162,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.9793000221252441,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.5952315330505371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/similarity","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","score":0.5817932486534119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boundary","display_name":"Boundary (topology)","score":0.5476483702659607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.542067289352417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/euclidean-geometry","display_name":"Euclidean geometry","score":0.5256277918815613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/joins","display_name":"Joins","score":0.4986121654510498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-map","display_name":"Cognitive map","score":0.46255436539649963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multidisciplinary-approach","display_name":"Multidisciplinary approach","score":0.46244627237319946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/euclidean-distance","display_name":"Euclidean distance","score":0.43292197585105896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crime-analysis","display_name":"Crime analysis","score":0.41108548641204834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.32846254110336304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognition","display_name":"Cognition","score":0.32283592224121094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.27843648195266724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2614476680755615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.2598973512649536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology","display_name":"Sociology","score":0.2310461401939392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/criminology","display_name":"Criminology","score":0.19063538312911987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.17017510533332825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.16408446431159973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-science","display_name":"Social science","score":0.1467418372631073}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.5952315330505371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103278499","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254465","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","level":3,"score":0.5817932486534119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62354387","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q875399","display_name":"Boundary (topology)","level":2,"score":0.5476483702659607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.542067289352417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129782007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162886","display_name":"Euclidean geometry","level":2,"score":0.5256277918815613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778692605","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4041866","display_name":"Joins","level":2,"score":0.4986121654510498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170494330","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1778434","display_name":"Cognitive map","level":3,"score":0.46255436539649963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22467394","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q849359","display_name":"Multidisciplinary approach","level":2,"score":0.46244627237319946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120174047","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q847073","display_name":"Euclidean distance","level":2,"score":0.43292197585105896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776876444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2845200","display_name":"Crime analysis","level":2,"score":0.41108548641204834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.32846254110336304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.32283592224121094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.27843648195266724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2614476680755615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.2598973512649536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.2310461401939392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73484699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161733","display_name":"Criminology","level":1,"score":0.19063538312911987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.17017510533332825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.16408446431159973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.1467418372631073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/isi.2010.5484782","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isi.2010.5484782","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2010 IEEE International Conference on Intelligence and Security Informatics","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/a4a7a850-253b-4bb4-be77-6dcc59d342bc","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research-repository.uwa.edu.au/en/publications/a4a7a850-253b-4bb4-be77-6dcc59d342bc","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402523","display_name":"UWA Profiles and Research Repository (University of Western Australia)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I177877127","host_organization_name":"The University of Western Australia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177877127"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frank, R, Park, A J, Brantingham, P L, Clare, J, Wuschke, K & Vajihollahi, M 2010, Identifying high risk crime areas using topology. in C C Yang, D Zeng, K Wang, A Sanfillippo, H H Tsang, M-Y Day, U Glasser, P L Brantingham & H Chen (eds), Proceedings of the 2010 IEEE International Conference on Intelligence and Security Informatics.. Vancouver edn, vol. 10.1109/ISI.2010.5484782, Elsevier, Vancouver, BC Canada, pp. 13-18, 2010 IEEE International Conference on Intelligence and Security Informatics, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, 23/05/10.","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.6499999761581421}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W50951307","https://openalex.org/W1500180658","https://openalex.org/W1514025267","https://openalex.org/W1542886857","https://openalex.org/W1585259166","https://openalex.org/W1633659671","https://openalex.org/W1975818108","https://openalex.org/W2024173855","https://openalex.org/W2027643805","https://openalex.org/W2048480914","https://openalex.org/W2069353112","https://openalex.org/W2071358782","https://openalex.org/W2106516566","https://openalex.org/W2119316180","https://openalex.org/W2141787418","https://openalex.org/W2162058981","https://openalex.org/W2162745692","https://openalex.org/W2166076290","https://openalex.org/W2969722993","https://openalex.org/W4233150901","https://openalex.org/W4298514713","https://openalex.org/W6602017817","https://openalex.org/W6636873521","https://openalex.org/W6684553361"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3037485788","https://openalex.org/W2585552969","https://openalex.org/W3111740253","https://openalex.org/W2089960329","https://openalex.org/W3012184132","https://openalex.org/W2411060471","https://openalex.org/W2902282441","https://openalex.org/W2183827988","https://openalex.org/W115379796","https://openalex.org/W1972979763"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Computational":[0],"criminology":[1,12,67],"is":[2,26,124,212],"an":[3],"area":[4],"of":[5,34,47,66,89,119,131,150,165,189],"research":[6,68],"that":[7,30,74,82,181],"joins":[8,75],"advanced":[9],"theories":[10,14],"in":[11,17,98,106,217,222],"with":[13,38,69,136],"and":[15,22,49,62,135,191,195,207],"methods":[16,43],"mathematics,":[18],"computing":[19],"science,":[20],"geography":[21],"behavioural":[23],"psychology.":[24],"It":[25],"a":[27,55,70,99,107,125,137,177,218],"multidisciplinary":[28],"approach":[29,92,180],"takes":[31],"the":[32,45,60,132,141,146,172,187,202],"strengths":[33],"several":[35],"disciplines":[36],"and,":[37],"semantic":[39],"challenges,":[40],"builds":[41],"new":[42],"for":[44,58],"analysis":[46],"crime":[48,50,120,190],"patterns.":[51],"This":[52,174,209],"paper":[53],"presents":[54,176],"developing":[56],"algorithm":[57,73,211],"linking":[59],"geographic":[61],"cognitive":[63,147],"psychology":[64],"sides":[65],"prototype":[71],"topology":[72,183,210],"local":[76,114],"urban":[77],"areas":[78,200],"together":[79],"using":[80,201],"rules":[81],"define":[83],"similarity":[84],"between":[85],"adjacent":[86,199],"small":[87],"units":[88],"analysis.":[90],"The":[91],"produces":[93],"irregular":[94],"shapes":[95,144],"when":[96],"mapped":[97],"Euclidean":[100],"space,":[101],"but":[102,121],"which":[103],"follow":[104,145],"expectations":[105],"non-Euclidean":[108],"topological":[109],"sense.":[110],"There":[111],"are":[112],"high":[113],"concentrations":[115,188],"or":[116,161],"hot":[117,133],"spots":[118],"frequently":[122],"there":[123],"sharp":[126,166],"break":[127],"on":[128,140],"one":[129,153,169],"side":[130],"spot":[134],"gradual":[138,159,196],"diffusion":[139],"other.":[142],"These":[143],"psychological":[148],"way":[149],"moving":[151],"from":[152,168],"location":[154,170],"to":[155,171,184,214],"another":[156],"without":[157],"noticing":[158],"changes":[160,167],"conversely":[162],"being":[163],"aware":[164],"next.":[173],"article":[175],"pattern":[178],"modeling":[179],"uses":[182],"spatially":[185],"identify":[186],"their":[192],"crisp":[193],"breaks":[194],"blending":[197],"into":[198],"basic":[203],"components:":[204],"interior,":[205],"boundary":[206],"exterior.":[208],"used":[213],"analyze":[215],"crimes":[216],"moderate":[219],"sized":[220],"city":[221],"British":[223],"Columbia.":[224]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-15T08:11:43.952461","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}