{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4407360884","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isgteurope62998.2024.10863272","title":"Droop Control of Heat Pumps in Integrated Electricity and District Heating Systems in Remote Community Microgrids","display_name":"Droop Control of Heat Pumps in Integrated Electricity and District Heating Systems in Remote Community Microgrids","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-10-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4407360884","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isgteurope62998.2024.10863272"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/isgteurope62998.2024.10863272","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isgteurope62998.2024.10863272","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Europe (ISGT EUROPE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5097223037","display_name":"Muhammad Abuelhamd","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Abuelhamd","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Waterloo,Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Waterloo,Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Waterloo,Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Waterloo,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023775699","display_name":"Claudio A. Ca\u00f1izares","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1458-2569"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Claudio A. Ca\u00f1izares","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Waterloo,Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Waterloo,Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Waterloo,Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Waterloo,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.23188807,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":0.9898999929428101,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9832000136375427,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage-droop","display_name":"Voltage droop","score":0.9302963018417358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electricity","display_name":"Electricity","score":0.6587924957275391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.5041636228561401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microgrid","display_name":"Microgrid","score":0.4658186435699463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.4541759192943573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heat-pump","display_name":"Heat pump","score":0.4429889917373657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-power-generation","display_name":"Distributed power generation","score":0.4411216080188751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heating-system","display_name":"Heating system","score":0.4290817081928253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-engineering","display_name":"Automotive engineering","score":0.38432392477989197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.32784250378608704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.29609882831573486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-generation","display_name":"Distributed generation","score":0.28211140632629395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.25666874647140503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-engineering","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","score":0.19488340616226196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.11345872282981873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/renewable-energy","display_name":"Renewable energy","score":0.11260297894477844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage-regulator","display_name":"Voltage regulator","score":0.07340079545974731}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40760162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10920295","display_name":"Voltage droop","level":4,"score":0.9302963018417358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206658404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12725","display_name":"Electricity","level":2,"score":0.6587924957275391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5041636228561401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776784348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5762595","display_name":"Microgrid","level":3,"score":0.4658186435699463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.4541759192943573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776461528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131313","display_name":"Heat pump","level":3,"score":0.4429889917373657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986283658","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q861135","display_name":"Distributed power generation","level":4,"score":0.4411216080188751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777154459","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2429341","display_name":"Heating system","level":2,"score":0.4290817081928253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.38432392477989197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.32784250378608704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.29609882831573486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544738498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q861135","display_name":"Distributed generation","level":3,"score":0.28211140632629395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.25666874647140503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.19488340616226196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.11345872282981873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188573790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12705","display_name":"Renewable energy","level":2,"score":0.11260297894477844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110706871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q851210","display_name":"Voltage regulator","level":3,"score":0.07340079545974731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107706546","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189124","display_name":"Heat exchanger","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/isgteurope62998.2024.10863272","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isgteurope62998.2024.10863272","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Europe (ISGT EUROPE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.6200000047683716}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1976480340","https://openalex.org/W2526981415","https://openalex.org/W2728852730","https://openalex.org/W2888878267","https://openalex.org/W3142777474","https://openalex.org/W3162746084","https://openalex.org/W3175212545","https://openalex.org/W3201059786","https://openalex.org/W3201797242","https://openalex.org/W3209704679","https://openalex.org/W3211972179","https://openalex.org/W4313399987","https://openalex.org/W4318777464"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2349700491","https://openalex.org/W3132792237","https://openalex.org/W3132497606","https://openalex.org/W4210526872","https://openalex.org/W2168694011","https://openalex.org/W2902030441","https://openalex.org/W2996701762","https://openalex.org/W2376770505","https://openalex.org/W1723903570","https://openalex.org/W3159552024"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"proposes":[2],"a":[3,64,70],"droop":[4,56],"control":[5,34,57],"of":[6,35,48,100],"Heat":[7],"Pumps":[8],"(HPs)":[9],"in":[10,29,63,84,102],"Integrated":[11],"Electricity":[12],"and":[13,61],"Heating":[14,93],"Systems":[15],"(IEHSs)":[16],"to":[17,24,39],"manage":[18],"energy":[19],"exchanges":[20],"between":[21],"these":[22],"networks":[23],"provide":[25],"frequency":[26,42],"regulation":[27],"services":[28],"microgrids.":[30,104],"Thus,":[31],"demand":[32],"management":[33],"HPs":[36],"is":[37,58,88],"proposed":[38],"enhance":[40],"primary":[41],"regulation,":[43],"which":[44],"facilitates":[45,96],"the":[46,91,97],"integration":[47,99],"variable":[49],"Renewable":[50],"Energy":[51],"Sources":[52],"(RESs).":[53],"The":[54],"developed":[55],"applied,":[59],"tested,":[60],"validated":[62],"realistic":[65],"community":[66,72],"microgrid":[67],"based":[68],"on":[69],"remote":[71],"Electric":[73],"Power":[74],"Network":[75,94],"(EPN)":[76],"located":[77],"at":[78],"Kasabonika":[79],"Lake":[80],"First":[81],"Nation":[82],"(KLFN)":[83],"Northern":[85],"Ontario.":[86],"It":[87],"shown":[89],"that":[90],"District":[92],"(DHN)":[95],"proper":[98],"RESs":[101],"isolated":[103]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}