{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2990415997","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isgteurope.2019.8905525","title":"Assessing the Applicability of Complex Network Theory Models and Importance Measures to Vulnerability Studies of Cyber-physical Systems","display_name":"Assessing the Applicability of Complex Network Theory Models and Importance Measures to Vulnerability Studies of Cyber-physical Systems","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2990415997","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isgteurope.2019.8905525","mag":"2990415997"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/isgteurope.2019.8905525","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isgteurope.2019.8905525","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Europe (ISGT-Europe)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://research.manchester.ac.uk/en/publications/b88fb2ae-2d39-459f-85d9-8eb775be4109","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043242094","display_name":"Wentao Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5457-1090"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28407311","display_name":"University of Manchester","ror":"https://ror.org/027m9bs27","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wentao Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Manchester,Manchester,UK","School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Manchester,Manchester,UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084361222","display_name":"Jovica V. Milanovi\u0107","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0931-137X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28407311","display_name":"University of Manchester","ror":"https://ror.org/027m9bs27","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jovica V. Milanovi\u0107","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Manchester,Manchester,UK","School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Manchester,Manchester,UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031272132","display_name":"Bojana Mihic","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4068193","display_name":"University of Belgrade","ror":"https://ror.org/02qsmb048","country_code":"RS","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4068193"]}],"countries":["RS"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bojana Mihi\u0107","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, University of Belgrade,Belgrade,Serbia","School of Electrical Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, University of Belgrade,Belgrade,Serbia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4068193"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4068193"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5043242094"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.288,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.56530185,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10064","display_name":"Complex Network Analysis Techniques","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10064","display_name":"Complex Network Analysis Techniques","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9855999946594238,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11807","display_name":"Infrastructure Resilience and Vulnerability Analysis","score":0.9745000004768372,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/betweenness-centrality","display_name":"Betweenness centrality","score":0.9126431941986084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/centrality","display_name":"Centrality","score":0.8662222027778625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6111218333244324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/node","display_name":"Node (physics)","score":0.5765188932418823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyber-physical-system","display_name":"Cyber-physical system","score":0.5521767735481262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/closeness","display_name":"Closeness","score":0.5482738614082336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vulnerability","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","score":0.5363895297050476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/complex-network","display_name":"Complex network","score":0.5323237776756287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-theory","display_name":"Network theory","score":0.4585518538951874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.45756345987319946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-topology","display_name":"Network topology","score":0.43963974714279175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relation","display_name":"Relation (database)","score":0.4281850755214691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/component","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","score":0.4139476716518402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.20071947574615479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.17968425154685974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1790468394756317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.1605047583580017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.09707862138748169}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117045392","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4899215","display_name":"Betweenness centrality","level":3,"score":0.9126431941986084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53811970","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5062194","display_name":"Centrality","level":2,"score":0.8662222027778625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6111218333244324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5765188932418823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179768478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1120057","display_name":"Cyber-physical system","level":2,"score":0.5521767735481262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779545769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5135364","display_name":"Closeness","level":2,"score":0.5482738614082336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95713431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q631425","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5363895297050476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34947359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q665189","display_name":"Complex network","level":2,"score":0.5323237776756287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11804174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192971","display_name":"Network theory","level":2,"score":0.4585518538951874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.45756345987319946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199845137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q145490","display_name":"Network topology","level":2,"score":0.43963974714279175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25343380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q277521","display_name":"Relation (database)","level":2,"score":0.4281850755214691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168167062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1117970","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.4139476716518402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.20071947574615479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.17968425154685974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1790468394756317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.1605047583580017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.09707862138748169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/isgteurope.2019.8905525","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isgteurope.2019.8905525","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Europe (ISGT-Europe)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:openaire/b88fb2ae-2d39-459f-85d9-8eb775be4109","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.manchester.ac.uk/en/publications/b88fb2ae-2d39-459f-85d9-8eb775be4109","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400662","display_name":"Research Explorer (The University of Manchester)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I28407311","host_organization_name":"University of Manchester","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Zhu, W, Milanovic, J V & Mihi\u0107, B 2019, 'Assessing the Applicability of Complex Network Theory Models and Importance Measures to Vulnerability Studies of Cyber-physical Systems'. https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGTEurope.2019.8905525","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:openaire/b88fb2ae-2d39-459f-85d9-8eb775be4109","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.manchester.ac.uk/en/publications/b88fb2ae-2d39-459f-85d9-8eb775be4109","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400662","display_name":"Research Explorer (The University of Manchester)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I28407311","host_organization_name":"University of Manchester","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Zhu, W, Milanovic, J V & Mihi\u0107, B 2019, 'Assessing the Applicability of Complex Network Theory Models and Importance Measures to Vulnerability Studies of Cyber-physical Systems'. https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGTEurope.2019.8905525","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W598170522","https://openalex.org/W1968686485","https://openalex.org/W1974252312","https://openalex.org/W1978572728","https://openalex.org/W1999647190","https://openalex.org/W2008620264","https://openalex.org/W2011401040","https://openalex.org/W2019789576","https://openalex.org/W2025761485","https://openalex.org/W2038195874","https://openalex.org/W2050401089","https://openalex.org/W2056944867","https://openalex.org/W2070207525","https://openalex.org/W2075542919","https://openalex.org/W2075664195","https://openalex.org/W2093147212","https://openalex.org/W2111558449","https://openalex.org/W2149055390","https://openalex.org/W2289258910","https://openalex.org/W2316753634","https://openalex.org/W2492835449","https://openalex.org/W2522777125","https://openalex.org/W2587622726","https://openalex.org/W2626677366","https://openalex.org/W2676698602","https://openalex.org/W2737455268","https://openalex.org/W2759950027","https://openalex.org/W2798962738","https://openalex.org/W3141976039","https://openalex.org/W6644783587"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2024982571","https://openalex.org/W2134944835","https://openalex.org/W2243159291","https://openalex.org/W2034855226","https://openalex.org/W2046736422","https://openalex.org/W1967385589","https://openalex.org/W2021924957","https://openalex.org/W2586633569","https://openalex.org/W2611574733","https://openalex.org/W2587415062"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Calculating":[0],"centrality":[1,116],"measures":[2,49,76,117,154],"has":[3,106,155],"been":[4,71,93],"used":[5],"to":[6,28,43],"identify":[7],"Cyber-physical":[8,165],"System":[9,67,166],"critical":[10,19,137],"component":[11,68],"for":[12,135],"some":[13],"time.":[14],"However,":[15],"accurate":[16],"identification":[17],"of":[18,110,113,150,160],"elements":[20],"within":[21],"the":[22,108,111,131,148,158],"interconnected":[23],"system":[24,29,45,140,144],"that":[25,125],"are":[26,130],"vulnerable":[27],"failures":[30],"and":[31,63,80,83,89,100,127,142],"intentional":[32],"attacks":[33],"requires":[34],"not":[35],"only":[36],"a":[37],"reliable":[38],"model":[39,163],"but":[40],"robust":[41],"index":[42],"dynamic":[44],"operating":[46,90],"environment.":[47],"These":[48],"include":[50],"1)":[51,96],"Node":[52,55],"Degree,":[53],"2)":[54,101],"Importance,":[56],"3)":[57],"Betweenness":[58,126],"Centrality,":[59],"4)":[60],"Closeness":[61],"Centrality":[62],"5)":[64],"Eigenvector":[65],"Centrality.":[66],"criticalities":[69],"have":[70,92],"evaluated":[72],"based":[73],"on":[74],"these":[75],"in":[77,118,164],"this":[78],"paper":[79],"their":[81],"performances":[82],"rankings":[84],"under":[85],"different":[86,115,119],"network":[87,120],"topologies":[88],"conditions":[91],"compared":[94],"using":[95,114,161],"Pearson":[97],"Correlation":[98,103],"Coefficient":[99],"Spearman":[102],"Coefficient.":[104],"This":[105],"enabled":[107],"quantification":[109],"optimality":[112],"scenarios.":[121],"The":[122],"results":[123],"suggest":[124],"Degree":[128],"centralities":[129],"most":[132],"suitable":[133],"indices":[134],"identifying":[136],"electrical":[138],"power":[139],"bus":[141],"cyber":[143],"node":[145],"individually.":[146],"Moreover,":[147],"degree":[149],"correlation":[151],"between":[152],"directed":[153],"suggested":[156],"also":[157],"necessity":[159],"directional":[162],"studies.":[167]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-19T08:26:33.389920","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}