{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3146829618","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isgt49243.2021.9372280","title":"Low-Cost Analysis of Load Flow Computing Using Embedded Computer Empowered by GPU","display_name":"Low-Cost Analysis of Load Flow Computing Using Embedded Computer Empowered by GPU","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-02-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3146829618","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isgt49243.2021.9372280","mag":"3146829618"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/isgt49243.2021.9372280","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isgt49243.2021.9372280","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE Power &amp; Energy Society Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference (ISGT)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044441171","display_name":"Diego Rodr\u00edguez","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36243813","display_name":"Universidad Nacional de Colombia","ror":"https://ror.org/059yx9a68","country_code":"CO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36243813"]}],"countries":["CO"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Diego F. Rodriguez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidad Nacional de Colombia,Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department,Bogota,Colombia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidad Nacional de Colombia,Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department,Bogota,Colombia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36243813"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016680940","display_name":"David \u00c1lvarez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2188-2498"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36243813","display_name":"Universidad Nacional de Colombia","ror":"https://ror.org/059yx9a68","country_code":"CO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36243813"]}],"countries":["CO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David L. Alvarez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidad Nacional de Colombia,Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department,Bogota,Colombia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidad Nacional de Colombia,Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department,Bogota,Colombia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36243813"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036369154","display_name":"Diego Fernando G\u00f3mez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2540-803X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Diego Gomez","raw_affiliation_strings":["GERS,Bogota,Colombia","GERS, Bogota, Colombia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"GERS,Bogota,Colombia","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"GERS, Bogota, Colombia","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054466063","display_name":"Juan M. Gers","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juan M. Gers","raw_affiliation_strings":["GERS,Bogota,Colombia","GERS, Bogota, Colombia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"GERS,Bogota,Colombia","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"GERS, Bogota, Colombia","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102941985","display_name":"Sergio Rivera","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2995-1147"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36243813","display_name":"Universidad Nacional de Colombia","ror":"https://ror.org/059yx9a68","country_code":"CO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36243813"]}],"countries":["CO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sergio Rivera","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidad Nacional de Colombia,Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department,Bogota,Colombia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidad Nacional de Colombia,Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department,Bogota,Colombia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36243813"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5044441171"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36243813"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.412,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.58983545,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10454","display_name":"Optimal Power Flow Distribution","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10305","display_name":"Power System Optimization and Stability","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7860779166221619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/python","display_name":"Python (programming language)","score":0.6864133477210999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microgrid","display_name":"Microgrid","score":0.6257244348526001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/jacobian-matrix-and-determinant","display_name":"Jacobian matrix and determinant","score":0.5170091390609741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.5043319463729858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphics","display_name":"Graphics","score":0.4235893487930298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.4132946729660034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.3878508508205414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.2417239248752594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.13963302969932556}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7860779166221619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C519991488","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28865","display_name":"Python (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.6864133477210999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776784348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5762595","display_name":"Microgrid","level":3,"score":0.6257244348526001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200331156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q506041","display_name":"Jacobian matrix and determinant","level":2,"score":0.5170091390609741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.5043319463729858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21442007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1027879","display_name":"Graphics","level":2,"score":0.4235893487930298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.4132946729660034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.3878508508205414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.2417239248752594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.13963302969932556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28826006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33521","display_name":"Applied mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/isgt49243.2021.9372280","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isgt49243.2021.9372280","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE Power &amp; Energy Society Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference (ISGT)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.5299999713897705}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1604721914","https://openalex.org/W1967548691","https://openalex.org/W2070630412","https://openalex.org/W2103065507","https://openalex.org/W2106424475","https://openalex.org/W2245493112","https://openalex.org/W2462851626","https://openalex.org/W2551858967","https://openalex.org/W2684931751","https://openalex.org/W2791721081","https://openalex.org/W2889493293","https://openalex.org/W2897614285","https://openalex.org/W2945370354","https://openalex.org/W2953897026","https://openalex.org/W2997956091","https://openalex.org/W2999834558","https://openalex.org/W3003257820"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4210780382","https://openalex.org/W2057975886","https://openalex.org/W4308700935","https://openalex.org/W1574359403","https://openalex.org/W2356033827","https://openalex.org/W2391138633","https://openalex.org/W4206134051","https://openalex.org/W2907234787","https://openalex.org/W4285503559","https://openalex.org/W4383747562"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Online":[0],"power":[1,100,150],"flow":[2,151],"analysis":[3,152],"is":[4,78,103,119,146],"considered":[5],"an":[6,61,124],"essential":[7],"tool":[8],"for":[9,148],"the":[10,16,33,47,65,82,86,92,95,138,143],"smart":[11],"grid":[12],"operation":[13],"due":[14],"to":[15,39,69,105],"dynamic":[17],"operating":[18],"conditions":[19],"of":[20,35,85,94],"loads,":[21],"market":[22],"prices,":[23],"distributed":[24],"generation,":[25],"and":[26,37,99,123],"demand":[27],"response.":[28],"However,":[29],"regarding":[30],"microgrid":[31],"operation,":[32],"cost":[34],"hardware":[36],"software":[38],"execute":[40,70,106],"online":[41,149],"load":[42,71],"flows":[43,72,102],"can":[44],"significantly":[45],"impact":[46],"project":[48],"budget,":[49],"mainly":[50],"if":[51],"commercial":[52],"simulation":[53],"tools":[54],"are":[55],"employed.":[56],"Hence,":[57],"in":[58,91,109,153],"this":[59],"paper,":[60],"algorithm":[62,118,145],"based":[63],"on":[64],"Newton-Raphson":[66],"(NR)":[67],"method":[68],"using":[73,111,121,155],"low-cost":[74,157],"Embedded":[75],"Computers":[76],"(ECs)":[77],"presented.":[79],"To":[80],"optimize":[81],"convergence":[83,139],"time":[84,140],"NR":[87],"method,":[88],"a":[89,136,156],"vectorization":[90],"computation":[93],"matrix,":[96,98],"Jacobian":[97],"injected":[101],"developed":[104],"these":[107],"tasks":[108],"parallel":[110],"Graphics":[112],"Processing":[113],"Units":[114],"(GPU).":[115],"The":[116],"proposed":[117,144],"evaluated":[120],"Python":[122],"embedded":[125],"computing":[126],"board":[127],"NVIDIA":[128],"Jetson":[129],"Nano":[130],"with":[131],"different":[132],"test":[133],"systems.":[134],"As":[135],"result,":[137],"shows":[141],"that":[142],"feasible":[147],"microgrids":[154],"architecture.":[158]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
