{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3138988541","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isgt49243.2021.9372262","title":"Analyzing the effects of cyberattacks on distribution system state estimation","display_name":"Analyzing the effects of cyberattacks on distribution system state estimation","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-02-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3138988541","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isgt49243.2021.9372262","mag":"3138988541"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/isgt49243.2021.9372262","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isgt49243.2021.9372262","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE Power &amp; Energy Society Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference (ISGT)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030459370","display_name":"Govind Saraswat","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4591-0115"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1297288678","display_name":"National Laboratory of the Rockies","ror":"https://ror.org/036266993","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1297288678","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I2800842121"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Govind Saraswat","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL),Golden, CO,USA","National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL),Golden, CO,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1297288678"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1297288678"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101772425","display_name":"Rui Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4374-4651"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1297288678","display_name":"National Laboratory of the Rockies","ror":"https://ror.org/036266993","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1297288678","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I2800842121"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rui Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL),Golden, CO,USA","National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL),Golden, CO,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1297288678"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1297288678"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100629029","display_name":"Yajing Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5467-5976"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1297288678","display_name":"National Laboratory of the Rockies","ror":"https://ror.org/036266993","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1297288678","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I2800842121"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yajing Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL),Golden, CO,USA","National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL),Golden, CO,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1297288678"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1297288678"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052718895","display_name":"Yingchen Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5559-0971"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1297288678","display_name":"National Laboratory of the Rockies","ror":"https://ror.org/036266993","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1297288678","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I2800842121"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yingchen Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL),Golden, CO,USA","National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL),Golden, CO,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1297288678"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1297288678"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4166,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.59401059,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"01","last_page":"05"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10305","display_name":"Power System Optimization and Stability","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10454","display_name":"Optimal Power Flow Distribution","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploit","display_name":"Exploit","score":0.7956808805465698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scada","display_name":"SCADA","score":0.7173612117767334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6814664006233215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interconnectivity","display_name":"Interconnectivity","score":0.6193302869796753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-power-system","display_name":"Electric power system","score":0.5760161280632019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vulnerability","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","score":0.5612662434577942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/critical-infrastructure","display_name":"Critical infrastructure","score":0.5170379281044006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.499983549118042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.46374377608299255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-management-system","display_name":"Energy management system","score":0.4540480077266693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability-engineering","display_name":"Reliability engineering","score":0.3999171555042267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-management","display_name":"Energy management","score":0.3012506365776062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.26312944293022156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.22858402132987976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.22482454776763916}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.7956808805465698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113863187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17498","display_name":"SCADA","level":2,"score":0.7173612117767334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6814664006233215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25516864","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1665949","display_name":"Interconnectivity","level":2,"score":0.6193302869796753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89227174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2388981","display_name":"Electric power system","level":3,"score":0.5760161280632019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95713431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q631425","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5612662434577942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29852176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q373338","display_name":"Critical infrastructure","level":2,"score":0.5170379281044006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.499983549118042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.46374377608299255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781260460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6139999","display_name":"Energy management system","level":4,"score":0.4540480077266693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.3999171555042267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7817414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779504","display_name":"Energy management","level":3,"score":0.3012506365776062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.26312944293022156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.22858402132987976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.22482454776763916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/isgt49243.2021.9372262","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isgt49243.2021.9372262","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE Power &amp; Energy Society Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference (ISGT)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.7300000190734863}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7075515504","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DE-EE0008767","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338290","funder_display_name":"National Renewable Energy Laboratory"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338290","display_name":"National Renewable Energy Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/036266993"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1598852905","https://openalex.org/W1993275893","https://openalex.org/W2033939184","https://openalex.org/W2038651258","https://openalex.org/W2085646972","https://openalex.org/W2115656617","https://openalex.org/W2135176684","https://openalex.org/W2164681195","https://openalex.org/W2330625353","https://openalex.org/W2525022545","https://openalex.org/W2606150029","https://openalex.org/W2611328865","https://openalex.org/W2783828501","https://openalex.org/W2890369708","https://openalex.org/W2928142670","https://openalex.org/W2964100695","https://openalex.org/W2996221078","https://openalex.org/W3003712625","https://openalex.org/W3011698372","https://openalex.org/W3045493015","https://openalex.org/W3099930155","https://openalex.org/W3115577187","https://openalex.org/W4288093649","https://openalex.org/W6768534209"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3117976988","https://openalex.org/W2265199518","https://openalex.org/W2215365983","https://openalex.org/W2995370509","https://openalex.org/W2184855233","https://openalex.org/W2198908836","https://openalex.org/W2060479059","https://openalex.org/W2494895348","https://openalex.org/W2749199243","https://openalex.org/W2198734578"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Key":[0],"components":[1],"of":[2,29,33,48,68,83,103,127],"power":[3],"systems-such":[4],"as":[5,61,95],"energy":[6,50],"management":[7],"systems,":[8],"automatic":[9],"generation":[10],"control,":[11],"and":[12,36,40,88],"state":[13,62,86],"estimation-are":[14],"under":[15],"serious":[16],"vulnerability":[17],"from":[18],"cyberattacks.":[19],"Cyber":[20],"threats":[21],"in":[22,123],"electric":[23],"grids":[24],"have":[25,74],"increased":[26,31],"significantly":[27],"because":[28],"the":[30,45,65,79,101],"interconnectivity":[32],"supervisory":[34],"control":[35],"data":[37,117],"acquisition":[38],"systems":[39],"public":[41],"network":[42],"infrastructure.":[43],"As":[44],"penetration":[46],"level":[47],"distributed":[49],"resources":[51],"increases,":[52],"it":[53],"is":[54],"imperative":[55],"to":[56,91],"employ":[57],"system-monitoring":[58],"techniques":[59],"such":[60,94],"estimation":[63],"for":[64],"reliable":[66],"operation":[67],"distribution":[69,84],"systems.":[70],"Recently,":[71],"multiple":[72],"methods":[73],"been":[75],"developed":[76],"that":[77,120],"exploit":[78],"low":[80],"rank":[81],"property":[82],"system":[85],"matrix":[87,96,109],"are":[89,114,121],"robust":[90],"bad":[92],"data,":[93],"completion.":[97,110],"This":[98],"paper":[99],"analyzes":[100],"impact":[102],"various":[104],"realistic":[105],"cyberattack":[106,112],"scenarios":[107,113],"on":[108],"Realistic":[111],"converted":[115],"into":[116],"corruption":[118],"models":[119],"used":[122],"an":[124],"extensive":[125],"simulation":[126],"a":[128],"custom":[129],"IEEE":[130],"123-bus":[131],"system.":[132]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
